How to make a caterpillar all-terrain vehicle with your own hands. DIY caterpillar all-terrain vehicle Build an all-terrain vehicle on tracks

Once I tried to clear snow on a quad bike.

Everything would be fine, and the bucket knife worked properly, but the grip of the wheels on snow and ice was clearly not enough. Despite the fact that studded tires from the car were used.

Therefore, the ATV on the tracks.

For a long time I studied the design of industrial mounted tracks installed instead of wheels, but in the end I came to the conclusion that it would be much easier to make a completely new tracked platform, especially since the ATV had been in an accident, as a result of which the frame was fairly deformed.

I bought the cheapest caterpillars - from Buran.

The so-called carts, drive and driven shafts are also from him. By chance, I managed to buy a working gearbox from Oka complete with drives and brakes for only 1000 rubles. All this later came in handy to create a workable all-terrain vehicle.

I welded the propeller frames from rectangular pipes and connected them to each other using a frame, since the design was originally made collapsible (photo 1).

The track tension mechanism is shown in photo 2.

I cut off the splined part of the drive shafts from Buran and welded to them the splined part of the shafts from the Oka (photo 5), thanks to which it was possible to use the native CV joints of this wonderful minicar (photo 4). The brake discs also came in handy (photo 10).

I did the same with the front shafts in order to subsequently install brake mechanisms on them.

I cut off a part of the gearbox housing to provide free passage of the chain to its drive shaft (photo 7).

For the power plant and seat mounting, I welded a separate frame (photo 9). The brake mechanisms are shown in photo 10. As working brake cylinders, I used hydraulic cylinders from the VAZ-2101 clutch (photo 11).

Looking ahead, I will explain why I installed the brakes on the front shafts, and not on the drive shafts - the rear ones, which would be more logical.

The fact is that the all-terrain vehicle had to have a width of no more than 120 cm - this was due to some features of its operation on our site. But the width of the gearbox and the tracks themselves did not allow placing brake mechanisms on the drive shafts without violating the above conditions.

The differential turn itself is also not the most successful solution from a technical point of view, however, on low-power structures it is quite efficient and quite reliable - the strength of the box mechanisms and tracks for this design is enough even in excess.

During the execution of the installation work, everything was in motion. For example, I made levers from steering bipods from Oka, which, when taxiing, put pressure on the rods of the brake cylinders (photo 12-15).

It took a little time to try on the engine (photo 16-17). Between the engine and the gearbox, there is such a length-adjustable spacer that helps to relieve the load on the fasteners of these units (photo 18).

Trying on the plumage and seat is shown in photo 19.

"Kengurin", also known as the blade bracket, is welded from a square pipe (photo 20-23).

The presence of a gearbox allows the use of an all-terrain vehicle for both household needs and for entertainment.

In first or second gear, a tractor is obtained - unhurried, but very high-torque, capable of pushing a blade full of wet snow in front of it. On the third or fourth - transport for pokatushek.

Management turned out to be very easy - even a child can cope with maneuvers - and the all-terrain vehicle itself is very passable, because it relies on tracks from the elongated Buran, being twice as light as it.

Therefore, no, even the most fluffy snowdrifts are not afraid of him. The only thing left to finish is the fenders and full-length footrests, which the hands will not reach in any way.

Now this is a favorite "toy" for children and adults in our company, and not only in winter (photo 24-25), but also in summer.

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Lightweight all-terrain vehicles with huge cameras are able to overcome severe off-road conditions that other types of off-road vehicles cannot pass. Self-made vehicles of this type are simple, since they do not have a complex technical base, which is what won the recognition of most home craftsmen. Such equipment is especially in demand among residents of rural areas, where precipitation greatly reduces the quality of roads, as well as among lovers of hunting, fishing and extreme recreation.

Varieties of homemade all-terrain vehicles

Depending on the type of construction and chassis, the following types of homemade all-terrain vehicles are distinguished:

1. Boat swamps. They have a simple design and are relatively cheap to manufacture. They are equipped with an outboard motor and allow you to move around shallow waters.
2. caterpillar swamp allows you to drive over overgrown water bodies, but it is rather complicated and expensive to manufacture, as it requires the attachment of a special type of caterpillars.
3. All-terrain vehicle on tires low pressure - the simplest and most promising type of swamp, the performance of which depends on the design and reliability of tires.

Some homemade products later become serial models. This happened with, which is now known all over the world.

Types of homemade all-terrain vehicles on low-pressure tires

Homemade all-terrain vehicles on low-pressure tires, having the same principle of off-road movement, may differ in type of design. There are the following main types of vehicles of this type:

1. All-wheel drive caracat. In its design, it uses transmission and running gear elements from obsolete types cars. It has four-wheel drive, transfer case, and the adapted boat hull in its lower part and tightness add buoyancy to the all-terrain vehicle. Designed to overcome swamps and swamps, capable of delivering goods and people to inaccessible areas.

2. Tricycle on low pressure tires. It features the simplest design, and can be made by almost any car enthusiast in a garage. The IZH Planet 3 motorcycle is often taken as the basis for such an all-terrain vehicle, thanks to its endurance and unpretentiousness.

3. Homemade karakat with a motorized carriage engine FDD. Its feature is the location of the engine not under the frame or gas tank, but under the seat or at the rear of the all-terrain vehicle frame. Chassis parts are traditionally taken from cars, and motorcycle elements are used in the front. For the manufacture of the frame, pipes, channels and corners are used.

4. All-terrain vehicles with low-pressure tires based on cars or ATVs. They are made using ready-made main units by reworking the transmission and chassis, as well as equipping them with low pressure tires.

How to make an all-terrain vehicle on low pressure tires?

The work on the manufacture of an all-terrain vehicle begins with the preparation of an action plan, the full implementation of which means the achievement of the desired result. The following tips will help you save time and money:

1. The availability of free time, allowing you to regularly perform work on the assembly of the all-terrain vehicle. In its absence, it is better not to start at all.
2. Budget planning. Self-creation of an all-terrain vehicle allows you to save on the purchase of a serial model, but in order to eliminate unnecessary expenses, you need to make all the calculations and buy the necessary components and parts, as well as leave a certain amount for unforeseen expenses or breakdowns.
3. Plan development. If you have experience in the development of vehicles or the makings of a design engineer, it is possible to independently create a drawing of an all-terrain vehicle. In the absence of such, they use someone else's experience and ready-made drawings, of which there are a sufficient number on the Internet.

DIY low pressure tires

Tires of this type visually resemble huge pillows that support the entire structure. The degree of adhesion in such wheels allows you to do vehicle passable on any off-road. Depending on the design features, such tires are divided into the following types:

1. Arched. They differ in increased dimensions in comparison with a standard wheel in width by 5 times, and have a thickness of up to 700 mm. The pressure in them, as in an ordinary ball, is 0.05 MPa. Mounted exclusively on the main drive.
2. Wide profile. Differ in an oval design and pressure below standard up to 2 times. Most commonly used in trucks.
3. Toroid. They are made in a chamber and tubeless version, they are highly popular among motorists.
4. Pneumoroller, having lugs to improve cross-country characteristics, and stiffening ribs, giving the entire structure stability and strength.

The cost of factory-made low-pressure tires can be out of reach for many motorists. But for your own all-terrain vehicle, it is quite possible to make such a wheel on your own. Work is performed in the following order:

1. The choice of starting material, for example, tires for agricultural or aviation equipment, as well as other types of industrial vehicles.

2. The tread is cleaned, washed and dried, after which the desired patterns are drawn to create your own pattern, as well as remove excess wire and rubber.

3. To remove excess wire, the inside of the wheel is trimmed and the cord is removed using.

4. Excess rubber is also removed with a winch, making cuts around the circumference, and fixing them with pliers to the cable, gently pulling and cutting with a knife.

5. After removing the tread layer, the surface is cleaned with sandpaper.

6. Assembling the disk. To do this, use a standard disc cut in half, or welded from plates and pipes, and then carefully polished to prevent damage to the chamber.

7. The tire is pulled over the rim and secured with straps or a fire hose, after which it is inflated. The wheel is ready.

What type of tread to choose for an all-terrain vehicle?

To select the right type of tread for an all-terrain vehicle with low-pressure tires, the following factors must be considered:

1. The protector must be capable of self-cleaning. This property is especially relevant for the use of an all-terrain vehicle in harsh and wetlands.
2. When using an all-terrain vehicle on peat bogs, tires are chosen with a low and shallow terrain, otherwise if their top layer breaks, the grip will be insufficient for full movement.
3. When used in snowy areas and on sandstones, tires with a rare pattern are chosen.

Choosing an engine for an all-terrain vehicle

Most often, the following type is used as a power unit for self-manufacturing of an all-terrain vehicle:

1. Motorcycle.
2. ZAZ car.
3. Motoblock.
4. Domestic cars.

The presence of a certain engine in an all-terrain vehicle does not make a fundamental difference. It is more important to take into account such a feature as ensure sufficient cooling, since the vehicle is operated all year round in various temperature conditions and at low speeds. The ZAZ engine is excellent for this, well tolerated by temperature changes. All-terrain vehicles running on motor-block power units, also proved to be the best.

Another main criterion for choosing an engine for future homemade is its power.

The reserve of power must be sufficient so that the all-terrain vehicle on low-pressure tires can drive out of mud, water, or deep snow.

By choosing a unit with a power reserve, they get the best performance, prevent overheating and create conditions for the longest possible service life.

Features of the chassis of the all-terrain vehicle

The undercarriage of all-terrain vehicles on low-pressure tires is made in the form to give the all-terrain vehicle best qualities cross-country ability, increasing the comfort of driving a vehicle and driving comfort for the driver and passengers. This type of construction has the main drawback - the complexity of manufacturing.

To create it, pipes, corners and channels are used, made of durable alloy steel, creating a strong foundation that can go out for several years without breakdowns. The frame is made both solid and articulated. The latter has a high working potential, but the complexity of manufacturing makes it quite rare in home-made designs.

The sequence of self-assembly of the all-terrain vehicle

Assembling an all-terrain vehicle on low-pressure tires includes the following steps:

1. Selecting the type of all-terrain vehicle and the base on which units and parts will be mounted. For this, frames of cars or motorcycles are used, as well as a home-made design, developed on their own or borrowed from other people's drawings.

2. Manufacture and assembly of the suspension with the rear axle. For this, the optimal solution is independent design, and although much more time will be spent on its creation, the result will be an all-terrain vehicle with more high quality throughput and ride comfort.

3. Mounting wheels. Produced after completion of work on the creation of the rear axle and suspension. Metal hubs are used to mount the cameras. Properly made or selected low pressure wheels will provide an all-terrain vehicle with increased driving safety and good handling.

4. Mounting the engine. Particular attention is paid to the correct arrangement of the cooling system.

5. Installation of additional systems. Includes the connection of the brake system, communications for the removal of exhaust gases, clutch and. At this stage, the body of the all-terrain vehicle and lighting devices are being installed.

6. Completion of work and implementation of a pilot test, which shows the performance of nodes and systems. If there are problems or points that need to be improved, the shortcomings are eliminated, after which the all-terrain vehicle is ready for operation.

Video test homemade all-terrain vehicle

It's no secret that on the territory of our vast country there are areas where it is absolutely impossible to move normally on the roads because of their poor quality. In this case, a special machine comes to the rescue, which is characterized by high cross-country ability. It's about an all-terrain vehicle. But, unfortunately, it is almost impossible to purchase such a vehicle that would be easy, economical and inexpensive. Therefore, many craftsmen with engineering and technical skills decide to create a caterpillar all-terrain vehicle with their own hands, taking into account their needs and capabilities.

How can tracked all-terrain vehicles be used?

Such homemade devices caterpillars come in different sizes and are used for a variety of purposes. With their help, heavy loads are moved, which are placed either in a body or in a special trailer. If an all-terrain vehicle is caterpillar, made by oneself, is used for a summer residence, then in this case various building materials are most often transported.

In addition, such a vehicle has transport versatility, and if any unforeseen circumstances arise, you can quickly, without any difficulties, get to a specific destination over rough terrain.

What to look for when creating a homemade all-terrain vehicle?

If you decide to make a caterpillar all-terrain vehicle with your own hands, you must clearly understand for what purpose it will be used. Be sure to consider the following points:

• weather conditions during operation.
• Dimensions. The width affects the cross-country ability of a self-made caterpillar all-terrain vehicle, the length is calculated from the number of seats or the presence of a luggage compartment device, and the height should be optimal when creating the amphibious properties of the unit.
• Motor power. The more powerful the engine, the easier it is to overcome hard-to-reach sections of the road.
• Target. Depending on the purpose for which the mobile device is intended, its design may be modified.
• Number of wheels. Most often, a self-made caterpillar all-terrain vehicle, made by hand, has wheels from two to eight pairs, which are necessary to maintain the track.

Creating a drawing

The most crucial stage is the production of a sketch of a caterpillar all-terrain vehicle. Do-it-yourself drawings with the location of the mechanisms of the unit and its components are drawn after that. They must be very accurate. When creating such a vehicle, they usually use both home-made parts and finished factory-made elements. They are drawn separately, with the calculation of the compatibility and performance of parts and assemblies.

Design features

Tracked all-terrain vehicle, created by oneself, must have an engine. Basically, this element is taken from cars, most often domestic. You can also borrow it from a motorcycle. The undercarriage is represented by rubber tracks, tension system, suspension, rollers. For the manufacture of caterpillars, car tires are often used. The base of the chassis consists of a tub, a frame or any other metal frame. For the control system, various components are taken or ready-made controls for motorcycles or cars, as well as tractors, are used. A self-made caterpillar all-terrain vehicle, made by hand, has a power system, which is represented by a fuel tank, gasoline or diesel. Gas equipment is used much less often.

Manufacturing technology

Do-it-yourself light tracked all-terrain vehicles are made according to a certain technology. Their creation begins with the construction of the body, which must have high strength and complete water tightness. The basis of homemade transport must be rigid, so steel pipes are taken that can withstand any physical stress arising from movement. Then they begin to make caterpillars. To do this, take ordinary sheet rubber and create an annular rubber. Small aluminum blades are placed on its outer side with the help of rivets, and the necessary limiters are installed on the inner side, the step width of which is equal to the width of the rubber of the wheels.

The next step is that the bridges are removed from the car through the holes that were made specifically for this in the body. Rubber sleeves are used as protection. A rubber band is attached in such a way that the wheels are located directly in the center of the limiters. In addition, additional wheels are also fixed. They are necessary to keep the track in tension. At the end of the work in the cabin of the all-terrain vehicle, made by hand, heavy-duty glass is inserted.

Conclusion

Thus, this vehicle is an indispensable means of transport in hard-to-reach areas where there are practically no roads. With engineering and technical qualities, you can easily create caterpillar all-terrain vehicles with your own hands, the drawings of which will help to properly design such a unit.

Many lovers of home-made equipment are engaged in the development and manufacture of tracked all-terrain vehicles.

A variety of solutions are used to bring ideas to life, but the biggest problem for enthusiasts of this type of transport has been and remains caterpillars. Of course, no one forbids the use of factory-made propulsion devices in their samples, but I want a self-made all-terrain vehicle (or snowmobile) to also have home-made tracks. Let's look at some ways to make tracks that have shown fairly good performance.

The simplest option

A caterpillar mover for snowmobiles and light all-terrain vehicles can be made on the basis of an ordinary bush-roller chain and a conveyor belt. For the manufacture of such a caterpillar, there is no need to have special tools or equipment, everything is done “on the knee”.

Caterpillar from a conveyor belt

To prolong the life of the tape, it is advisable to sew its edges with a fishing line in increments of about a centimeter (just like seamstresses do overcasting the edges of the fabric), this will save the tape from fraying. The connection of the tape into a ring can be done in any available way, for example, using a hinge like a piano loop, or sewing the ends of the tape (a less reliable method).

The thickness of the tape should be selected based on the engine power. When using motorcycle engines domestic production, good results are shown by a tape with a thickness of 8 - 10 millimeters, which is used on agricultural conveyors.

Despite the ease of manufacture, such a homemade caterpillar for a snowmobile has a decent resource and is also easy to repair if necessary.

Tire tracks

The manufacture of caterpillars from automobile tires is quite common among home-made people. For this purpose, tires are selected from trucks, preferably with a suitable tread pattern (there will be less work with the tire in the future).

Tire caterpillar

To make such a caterpillar, it is necessary to cut the bead from the tire, leaving only the treadmill. This work is quite laborious and requires a lot of patience, since only a well-sharpened shoe knife is used from the tools.

To simplify the work, you can moisten the blade in soapy water from time to time, then the rubber is easier to cut. As an option, you can consider the use of home-made cutting devices, or use a jigsaw on which a file with a fine tooth is fixed (it is also better to moisten the file with soapy water).

First, the beads are cut off from the tire, then, if necessary, the extra layers are removed from the wrong side of the resulting ring (if the track is too hard). After that, if the tread pattern does not meet the designer's requirements, a new lug structure is cut.

A home-made tire caterpillar has an undoubted advantage over the above-described sample, since it has an initially closed loop, which means that its reliability will be many times higher. The downside is the limited width of the finished track, but if necessary, you can use a double and triple width option.

Belt tracks

Attractive because of its relative simplicity is the option of making a caterpillar with your own hands.

Belts with a wedge-shaped profile are connected into a single unit with the help of lugs attached to the belts with rivets or screws.

Thus, a track is obtained with already existing holes for the drive sprocket (for this, you only need to leave gaps between the belts).

There are many ways to make caterpillars - the main thing is to have the desire and patience, and then everything will work out.

Our homegrown Kulibins no longer surprise anyone. Converting a walk-behind tractor into a tractor - please stuff an ordinary motorcycle and make it a cool bike - no problem. But craftsmen are not limited to this and invent all new technical innovations. Here, for example, is a self-made all-terrain vehicle from Oka, on the one hand, it sounds strange how it can be done at all, but on the other hand, it's great that there are people who can do this.

You can watch videos of homemade all-terrain vehicles on the YouToube website or on technical alteration sites. Perhaps, by reviewing videos and photos of homemade all-terrain vehicles, you will have an idea how to design your own homemade caterpillar all-terrain vehicle.

Why do you need an all-terrain vehicle

Usually home-made all-terrain vehicles do not differ in size, often these are one or two local units that are used for their own needs in the subsidiary plot. The caterpillar all-terrain vehicle is an indispensable vehicle for off-road, swampy terrain or in places where conventional vehicles are rented out.

A caterpillar all-terrain vehicle will help transport a group of people, a heavy load, or deliver building materials to a hard-to-reach object.

In addition, they are very often made floating, which gives them an advantage over conventional transport in places where floods or large spring floods often occur. On the Internet, you can find videos of homemade all-terrain vehicles on tracks that easily cross water spaces, turning into a floating vehicle.

And if the all-terrain vehicle needs to be transported over a long distance, it can be very conveniently transported on a platform or a special body.

DIY all-terrain vehicle: advantages

Of course, you can buy a home-made all-terrain vehicle, there are even special services that sell home-made all-terrain vehicles, but a do-it-yourself one will be more expensive and dearer, and besides, you will know exactly what parts to buy. homemade all-terrain vehicle you used to quickly replace everything in the event of a breakdown.

In addition, by assembling your own all-terrain vehicle, you will not put parts that will need to be replaced after a month of operation.

And besides, you can make the assembled one according to your requests, for example, install an additional fan or a swivel seat.

Homemade all-terrain vehicle on tracks - where to start?

Drawings of a homemade caterpillar all-terrain vehicle can be downloaded from the Internet, there is a huge selection of options. And if you have a technical education and the necessary skills, you can create your own unique drawing or change some details from an existing drawing. For example, you can put a more powerful engine or expand the dimensions of the equipment. It’s a good idea to have an additional notebook in which you can write down all the necessary dimensions of the parts, because you can’t remember everything.

1 - tension roller, 2 - fuel tank, 3 - windshield, 4 - instrument panel, 5 - gas pedal, 6 - brake lever, 7 - shift knob, 8 - kick starter lever, 9 - seat, 10 - upper support roller, 11 - belt brake cover, 12 - axle shaft bracket, 13 - drive sprocket, 14 - carburetor, 15 - gasoline pump, 16 - fan casing, 17 - axle shaft, 18 - differential, 19 - M-62 engine, 20 - driven shaft, 21 - axle shaft, 22 - intermediate shaft, 23 - brake rod, 24 - leading

Before you start assembling any all-terrain vehicle, you must have an idea of ​​exactly how it should be. And then move on to the design details: select the necessary spare parts: engine, gearbox, chassis and brake system, transmission, cabin elements, etc.

Tracked all-terrain vehicle:

With a breakable frame, this is a technique that can be constructed from parts that are lying around in the garage. Therefore, after looking at the drawings, you may be surprised to notice that you already have an almost finished all-terrain vehicle, you just need to absorb it all correctly.

The most difficult task is to assemble the wheel chain. The caterpillar can be assembled from lugs. Grouser bands can be welded to sections of bent channels, to which the tracks are actually attached with bolts. By the way, the shape of the lugs should completely repeat the profile of the tire. Wire rods must be beveled and all welds cleaned.

Of course, such a system has its drawbacks. The oval lugs will slip in hard snow and slide on ice. But as an advantage of this system, one can note the ease of control compared to straight lugs, especially when cornering.

But if you adequately coped with the task and created your own homemade caterpillar all-terrain vehicle - post a video and recommendations for creating, perhaps your advice, someone will be useful.