09.03.2022

Determining the DNS server. What is a DNS server, how to find out your preferred provider address, replace it with Google Public DNS or alternative options

DNS, or Domain Name System, is a system that allows you to obtain information about domains. The DNS records that this tool shows are the units of transmission and storage of information in a given system.

Why do I need to know all this?

To make your site work, you need to configure your DNS servers and specify the correct record. Incorrect DNS records can seriously disrupt the performance of a website. Even if you are not an administrator, these entries will help you determine why you can't access external sites when you can easily access them from another computer.

In what format should the address be entered in this line?

In any - even “http://www.name.com”, even “www.name.com” or “name.com”. The service itself will determine which part of the string you entered is a domain name and collect the necessary data. You can even enter the address of a specific page on the site - and still get full data about the domain name. The only thing this service does not understand is the IP addresses of sites.

When computers connect to the Internet, data is transferred between them using IP addresses. However, it is quite difficult for the average person to remember them (especially if he visits more than a dozen sites a day), and therefore a specialized domain name system, also known as DNS, was developed. It converts text entered into the address bar into an IP address, thereby allowing users to access the server.

Domain DNS records system: essence and purpose

In a simplified sense, the DNS system is comparable to a telephone directory. Here, too, the site’s domain name (subscriber number) is associated with its IP address (name). And by using the appropriate search services you can get a lot useful information about the server on which it is hosted. So:

A – a record that establishes a reciprocal correspondence between a host and an IP address (in other words, that when typing a domain name into the search bar, the user should be redirected to a specific IP address).
CNAME is a record that is usually used to redirect from a subdomain to another specific domain.
MX is an account that allows you to identify a domain mail gateway, the components of which are priority and host address. Is critical for the correct operation of email. There may be several such records for one server.
NS – host address pointing to the name server for a specific domain. Because this record provides information about which DNS servers store information about a specified domain, its operation is critical.
PTR is a reverse record that establishes a connection from the server's IP address to its canonical domain name. Actively involved in the mail filtering procedure
SOA – this indicator contains information about the server where the initial (reference) information on the domain being checked is stored.
SPF is a record that secures a list of servers that have the right to send mail on behalf of a domain.
SRV is a value pointing to servers for services.
TXT is a record that allows the domain owner to enter additional, important (in his opinion) information.

You must be especially careful when filling out these lines, because the slightest mistake here can suspend the operation of the resource hosted on the server for a long time.

To open any page in global network You need to type its domain name in the address bar of your Internet browser. Ordinary users call it the name of the Internet page.

All domains on the World Wide Web have a specific digital IP address. Lists of website names and their IPs are stored on DNS servers.

Below are detailed guides about how to find out DNS not only for connecting a PC to the Internet, but also for the interaction of a domain and hosting for some Internet page.

Determination methods

To determine your DNS or if you need to identify your DNS provider, then there are various methods. It is recommended to use the following 3 effective techniques:

Using command line capabilities (CL);
Through analysis of network properties;
Contact your telecom service provider.

It is advisable to use methods No. 1 and No. 2 to determine DNS if there is a good connection to the global network and it is functioning normally. The last method can be used in the absence of an Internet connection.

1. Using command line functionality

So, users who are wondering how to find out their own or their DNS provider need to perform the following sequential steps:

1) Through “Start”, launch “KS”;

2) In the black window that appears, type “ipconfig/all” and then click “Enter”;

3) Detailed information will appear;

Among the many additional data, the user will have access to information about DNS servers.

2. Analysis and adjustment of connection parameters

To solve the problem, by analyzing the network properties, you need to use the tools from the control panel.

The sequence of actions is as follows:

1) Through the “Start” menu, open “Control Panel” and then, if XP OS is installed on the PC, then you should enter “network connections”, and if “Seven”, then go to the “Network Control Center” tab and open “ Change adapter settings";

3) Open a tab with a list of “Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)”, where the current server names are written, which can be adjusted and the preferred and alternative DNS addresses entered;

4) If you make any adjustments, you must save the changes before closing the window.

3. Determine by contacting your communication service provider

This can be quickly done using the following three methods:

1) Open the official resource of the Internet provider and read the information provided from its page;

2) Call technical support;

3) Generate and send a request to call a specialist to the location of the user’s computer.

Alternative option through online services

There are a significant number of services on the Internet that allow you to quickly solve the problem, for example, through Yandex. You just need to type “How to find out your ip” or other required query in the search bar and click “Find”.

Internet is a collection of local networks of computers located around the world that communicate with each other according to uniform rules called protocols.

In order not to remember the numerical address of a computer, the DNS system was created. Domain Name System or DNS (Domain Names System), associates names like the digital addresses (185.12.92.137) that computers use to communicate with each other.

In order for your website with your domain name to work, you must specify the DNS servers on which it will be “recorded” on which server (hosting) your website is located. DNS servers look like:

Ns1.yourhosting.ru
ns2.yourhosting.ru

There are three ways to configure DNS:

DNS registrar. In this case, you will need to fully configure the DNS zone as in the third option.
Hosting provider DNS. In this case, all the DNS pre-configuration sufficient to normal operation Your website will be created by a hosting provider.
Third party DNS. You can specify DNS hosting in general on a third-party DNS server, for example, Yandex-DNS.

How to specify (change) DNS servers for a domain?

To specify/change the DNS server for a domain, you need to:

register with a domain name registrar;
Find the required domain and select there "DNS Server Management / Delegation"
In the form that opens, specify the required DNS servers (IP may not be specified). or check the box "Use the registrar's DNS server".
Click on the "Save" button.

Information about your changes will be available for a period from several minutes to 72 hours. Therefore, at first it is possible that the DNS servers will be old. This does not depend on the registrar or hosting provider. All you have to do is wait.

Setting up DNS records.

To add/change records on the DNS server, you need to do the following:

Example of adding records to DNS:

Let's assume you have registered the domain mydomain.ru and the IP address of the web server on which the site will be located - 195.128.128.26. In this case, you will need to create at least two records of type "A" for your domain (to link mydomain.ru and www.mydomain.ru with the address 195.128.128.26). To do this, in the form for adding "A" records, in the "Subdomain Name" field, specify "@" for the first record and "www" for the second record, and in the "Data" field, specify 195.128.128.26 (for both records).

To forward all subdomains to an IP address, you need to specify * as the “Subdomain Name”

Example 2: You want the mail.mydomain.ru address to point to the same host as the relay.highway.ru address. To do this, you need to specify “mail” in the “Subdomain Name” field, select “Record Type” CNAME, and “relay.highway.ru.” in the “Data” field.

Example of DNS records for the mydomain.ru zone:

@ A 195.161.114.80 @ MX 10 relay.highway.ru. www A 195.161.114.80 ctrl CNAME ctrl.muse.highway.ru. ftp CNAME ftp.muse.highway.ru. mail CNAME relay.highway.ru. ssh CNAME ssh.muse.highway.ru.

Instructions for changing DNS servers

If you specify DNS servers for the RU, SU, RF domain that are located in the same domain (i.e., “your” DNS), for example, for the domain testsite.ru you specify the DNS server ns1.testsite.ru And ns2.testsite.ru, That Necessarily You must specify its IP address for each DNS server.
If you specify a DNS server for any domain that is located in another domain, for example, for the domain testsite.ru you specify the DNS server ns1.abrakadabra.ru And ns2.abrakadabra.ru, then specify IP addresses for each DNS server no need.
The IP addresses of DNS servers (if necessary, see above) for the RU, SU, RF domains must differ by at least one digit! Same IP for all DNS is not allowed.
For international domains (com, net, org, info, etc.), the DNS servers that you specify for the domain must be Necessarily registered in the international NSI Registry database. If they are not registered there, then they cannot be indicated. For international domains, IP addresses for DNS servers do not need to be specified. They are indicated when registering DNS in the NSI Registry database

How to attach a domain to an IP address?

In order to attach a domain to an IP address, you need to:

Now you need to wait until the changes take effect and your site will open from this IP address. This may take up to 72 hours.

How long does it take for DNS changes to take place?

Changes to DNS are made instantly. But due to the fact that providers cache DNS, the process of changing DNS around the world can take anywhere from a few minutes to 72 hours.

What DNS servers can be used to access the Internet?

To obtain an IP address from a domain name, you can use the following DNS servers:

8.8.8.8 4.4.4.4

77.88.8.8 77.88.8.1

Read more about Yandex DNS and how to protect yourself from malicious sites using DNS at dns.yandex.ru

Read

Hello, dear readers of the blog site. We have already talked about this and that. They talked about this and that. However, there is also the technical side of the Internet, which is also very important and interesting in its own way.

So, here you go DNS is one of the fundamental things on which the entire Internet is built. This abbreviation stands for Domain Name System, which means domain name system.

I already touched on this issue (the structure of the domain name system) when I talked about it, but only in passing. Today I want to talk about the role of DNS servers in the operation of websites and the entire Internet as a whole.

Why do we need DNS servers and what are they?

The domain name system operates with full names (Latin letters, numbers, dashes and underscores are allowed when forming them)..120.169.66 is not very informative) and it is easier to operate with them.

The latter relates specifically to the human factor, because it is still more convenient for machines to use IP addresses, which is what they do... But he understands that this is a domain name, which means information about what IP the site is located on, he will be able to receive from the DNS server.

It is on these DNS servers (sometimes they are also called N.S. from the Name Server, i.e. server names) and the entire Internet is supported (like a flat world on three whales standing on a turtle). which does not require direct human participation in its work (if you set it up, it works 24/7). And there are a lot of such DNS servers on the network.

How does DNS work and what does the Hosts file have to do with it?

At the dawn of the Internet, DNS didn't exist at all. But how did the network work then? .120.169.66? The so-called was responsible for this matter then (and now too), where all the hosts of the then small Internet were registered.

Such a file was (and is now) on every user’s computer (yours has it too) connected to the network (see the link above for how to find it).

In the Hosts file several thousand lines were written (according to the number of sites on the Internet at that time), in each of which the IP address was first written, and then the corresponding domain, separated by a space. This is what an entry for my blog would have looked like if it had existed on the Internet twenty-five to thirty years ago:

109.120.169.66 website

Good luck to you! See you soon on the pages of the blog site