15.08.2023

Rules of driver behavior on the road. Traffic Rules A set of necessary documents - this is what

SERVICEABILITY OF THE VEHICLE

2.3. The driver of the vehicle is obliged to:

2.3.1. Before leaving, check and ensure that the vehicle is in good technical condition on the way in accordance with the Basic Regulations for the admission of vehicles to operation and the responsibilities of officials to ensure road safety.

The driver is obliged to drive only in a serviceable vehicle. And for this, before starting to move, he is obliged to make sure that there are no malfunctions provided for in the “Basic provisions for the admission of vehicles to operation and the responsibilities of officials to ensure road safety” (and the Appendix to them - “List of malfunctions and conditions under which the operation of vehicles is prohibited”). funds").

According to the traffic rules, all vehicle malfunctions provided for by the above documents can be divided into two groups:

Absolute faults;
Relative faults.

We consider absolute – “real” – malfunctions to be those that cause serious and unconditional damage to road safety. In other words, traffic safety depends FUNCTIONALLY on the fact of their presence: there is a malfunction - the movement is dangerous. Therefore, it is no secret that the driver...

It is prohibited to drive if there is a malfunction of the service brake system, steering, coupling device (as part of a road train), headlights and tail lights are not on (missing) in the dark or in conditions of insufficient visibility, the windshield wiper is not working on the driver's side during rain or snowfall.

Let's look at each of these faults:
1. Malfunction of the service brake system;

2. Steering malfunction;

3. Malfunction of the coupling device (when driving with a trailer);

4. Malfunction of external lighting devices (when driving at night and in conditions of insufficient visibility);

5. Malfunction of the driver's side windshield wiper (when driving in rain or snow).

Agree, the very fact of the presence of the listed malfunctions seriously “hits” road safety. Indeed, try emergency braking if the brakes malfunction... Or drive in the dark with the headlights and tail lights off... An accident is guaranteed!

In this case, the driver’s algorithm of actions when these same five malfunctions occur should be the same: if a corresponding malfunction is detected, stop, try to fix it on the spot, and if the result is negative, refuse to operate the vehicle.

However, malfunctions are different. That's why…

If other faults arise along the way, for which the appendix to the Basic Provisions prohibits the operation of vehicles, the driver must eliminate them, and if this is not possible, then he can proceed to the place of parking or repair, taking the necessary precautions.

Other faults provided for in the “List...” should be called relative, because the driver is still allowed to get to the repair site or parking lot. This is a fairly large list of faults. We will talk about them when analyzing the corresponding section of our website.

Here we allow ourselves to focus on one example of such a malfunction - for example, a non-functioning speedometer.

The driver cannot control the speed of his vehicle, and this is no longer safe. However, the fact of the presence of such faults “hits” road safety CORRELATELY. That is, safety, of course, suffers, but the driver’s caution and forethought can compensate for this shortcoming.

The driver’s action algorithm in this case will be slightly different: if a malfunction is detected, stop, try to fix it on the spot, and if this is impossible, proceed to the repair or parking place in compliance with safety precautions. (True, some drivers with such malfunctions spend their whole lives driving to the place of repair or parking.)

PASSING AN INDOXICATION EXAMINATION

Agree, you don’t have to comment on this paragraph of the Rules. It is well known that the driver is required to undergo a test for intoxication. However, there are several fundamental “BUTs” here...

The first "BUT".

The requirement for the driver to undergo an intoxication examination can only come from an official who is vested with the right of state supervision and control over road safety and operation of vehicles.

For example, a slightly tipsy local police officer demanded that the driver undergo an intoxication test. Well, it seemed to him that you were drunk. This is abuse of authority. For example, a traffic police inspector has a similar right. You can't get away with it here anymore. Although, why don’t you get away with it? There is a second “BUT”.

Second "BUT".

In order to subject a driver to an examination procedure, the relevant authorized person must have grounds. Thus, according to Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 475 of June 26, 2008, “sufficient grounds to believe that the driver of a vehicle is intoxicated is the presence of one or more of the following signs:

smell of alcohol on the breath;
instability of posture;
speech disorder;
a sharp change in the color of the skin of the face;
behavior that is inappropriate to the situation.”

In other words, if the driver does not “possess” the above “merits”, he is not subject to examination for intoxication. At the very least, knowledge of this circumstance can stun and even reason with a particularly presumptuous traffic cop.

Third "BUT".

It is important for the driver to remember that there are two independent examination procedures: the actual examination (on site) and a medical examination.

The actual examination (on the spot) is an analysis for the state of ONLY ALCOHOL intoxication and nothing else.

Therefore, the inspector’s talk about “peeing in a plastic cup for a rapid test for drug use” is a gross violation of the Law.

And one moment. The driver may refuse an on-site examination, citing, for example, his disgust: not everyone wants to touch the breathalyzer mouthpiece with their lips. What if it’s already a little used?

As for a medical examination for intoxication (any intoxication!), refusal of it means automatic recognition of the driver as intoxicated and the application of appropriate administrative sanctions.

The driver of a vehicle of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, engineering, technical and road construction military formations under federal executive authorities, rescue military units of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergencies and Disaster Relief is obliged undergo an examination for alcohol intoxication and a medical examination for intoxication, also at the request of officials of the military automobile inspection.

Let's summarize for simplicity. These drivers, in addition to the traffic police inspector, are also required to obey the legal requirement of VAI employees to undergo an intoxication test.

And one moment.

In established cases, undergo a test of knowledge of the Rules and driving skills, as well as a medical examination to confirm the ability to drive vehicles.

We will leave this point without comment, since the methodology for these procedures is not prescribed by law. Although the first shoots of this provision are emerging: from September 1, 2013, drivers deprived of the right to drive a vehicle will have to pass a theoretical exam on traffic rules.

PROVISION OF VEHICLE TO OFFICIALS

2.3.3. Provide a vehicle:

employees of the police, federal state security agencies and federal security service agencies in cases provided for by law;
medical and pharmaceutical workers to transport citizens to the nearest medical facility in cases that threaten their lives.

The interests of society (or a particular person) do not always coincide with the interests of the state and public services. The rules provide for cases when the driver of a vehicle is obliged to provide himself and his car to a certain category of officials.

Firstly, these are police officers (Ministry of Internal Affairs), federal state security agencies (FSO), and federal security service agencies (FSB). They have such a right in connection with the performance of an urgent task.

Secondly, these are medical and pharmaceutical workers when they transport citizens in conditions that threaten their lives.

Regardless of the direction of travel, the driver is obliged to provide his vehicle to the specified categories of officials. You can, of course, be indignant and indignant about this. However, there are two “mitigating” circumstances here.

First. Imagine for a moment (God forbid, of course) that it is you or your loved ones who need the help of law enforcement agencies or doctors. It is unlikely that you will oppose such a duty.
And here is the second circumstance.

Note.

Persons using a vehicle must, at the request of the driver, issue him a certificate of the established form or make an entry in the waybill (indicating the duration of the trip, distance traveled, his last name, position, service ID number, name of his organization), and medical and pharmaceutical workers - issue a coupon of the established form.

Thus, the driver has the right to demand the issuance of documents certifying the fact that he has fulfilled the functions of placing his vehicle at the disposal of the relevant officials. What if the wife (or husband) becomes jealous: “Where have you been? Where have you been hanging around?

But that's not all.

At the request of vehicle owners, federal state security authorities and federal security service authorities shall compensate them in accordance with the established procedure for losses, expenses or damage in accordance with the law.

Consequently, the FSO and FSB authorities will be obliged, at the request of the vehicle owner, to compensate for losses, expenses and damage in accordance with current legislation (for example, to compensate for the cost of fuels and lubricants).

By the way, about providing a vehicle. Our obligation to provide our own vehicle is not some purely “Russian” nonsense. For example, in the notoriously democratic United States, a driver can also be “thrown out” of his vehicle in the name of protecting the achievements of the “great” American democracy.

At least, as a country of vaunted democracy, we are not thrown out of the vehicle.

Table of contents:

driver's responsibilities before driving
Before driving, the driver must
... No. 4 (appendix) The structure of the report is as follows: Date of practical lesson: Name of lesson: Purpose: Progress of work: 1 The driver of the vehicle is obliged to: Before leaving, check and ensure the technical condition of the vehicle while on the road.
Driver dispatch to the line with a technical fault

Discussion: One comment

Hello, there is so much confusion and incomprehensible clauses and terms in our traffic regulations that the inspectors themselves refuse to comment on them. Here is an example from life, article 2.3.1, a burnt-out low-beam light bulb while driving in the sunny time of the day, which the driver could not physically see in one headlight, the inspector states the fact of control, and to the question of how it is possible to ensure good technical condition on the road without seeing a malfunction, there is no answer like this and they cut banknotes from drivers like wool from sheep throughout vast Russia, the courts are all on the side of the law (judicial practice) and there are more than a dozen such clauses in the traffic rules.

It has long been no secret that in our daily lives we often ignore traffic rules, although we know that not only the lives of the people around us, but also our own depend on their implementation or non-compliance.

This is an unforgivable mistake, but if at least some of their actions have been brought to automaticity, then it’s scary to mention newcomers in such cases.

In this article, we suggest reminding you of just eight basic driver rules, which in no case should be ignored, regardless of the urgency and importance of the matter, or driving experience, or the time of day, or the location of the action. Among other things, I would like to provide you with some tips that will certainly contribute to more confident, calm, competent and safe driving of your car.

Basic rules of driver behavior on the road

1. Undoubtedly, the worst thing that can happen on the road is the death of one of the participants in the traffic accident. If a tragedy occurs through the fault of the driver, then his life in one minute can turn, without exaggeration, into hell. That is why you should be especially careful and be sure to slow down when approaching pedestrian crossings. If a pedestrian is already ready to cross the street and is standing at a zebra crossing, according to traffic rules, the driver is obliged to let him through. But it often happens that a person crosses the road in the wrong place. What to do in this case? Most drivers begin to honk their horn angrily and flash their high beams, which is likely to instill panic in the unfortunate pedestrian, thereby aggravating the situation. But there is something else out of harm's way.

2. For those who still remember theirs, when you mention a double solid wall, the word “wall” probably immediately comes to mind. After all, this is what teachers call it, trying to convey to future drivers that turning around in such places is prohibited, and the risk of colliding with a car moving in the opposite direction is very high. Those. We remember an important driver rule: no matter how much you are in a hurry, it is prohibited to drive beyond the double solid marking line, as well as to turn around at pedestrian crossings or railway crossings, inside tunnels, on bridges, in places where route vehicles stop or where there is visibility of the road in one direction less than 100 meters.

3. Within populated areas, it is unacceptable to exceed the speed limit of 60 km/h; in courtyards and residential areas, all you can afford is 20 km/h. If you are leaving a populated area in a car or truck (provided that its permissible weight does not exceed 3.5 tons), it is permissible to accelerate up to 90 km/h, and on highways up to 110 km/h. According to sad statistics, speeding is the culprit in most vehicle accidents.

4. Red is the color that can attract attention. You must remember the rules of the driver for the rest of your life, that if you value your life, follow the traffic lights. It often happens that a person carelessly drives through a red light, knowing that his car has cool license plates, and his notebook contains all the necessary telephone numbers of the necessary officials. Perhaps... But think for a minute whether this will save you from a 15-ton KAMAZ.

5. Driving close to the vehicle ahead, forming a kind of train, is very dangerous. Even if your car is so cool that it will definitely exert psychological pressure on everyone else with its appearance, it’s still better not to take risks. - It will be cheaper.

6. Some modern drivers simply have the talent to park in such a way that the entire street is sure to stand behind him. “No Stopping” signs are usually not installed unless absolutely necessary. Cars left in unauthorized places cause huge traffic jams. Imagine that at this moment you will not be driving your own car, but on the way to the hospital, when God forbid, you or one of your loved ones is in danger, and it is simply impossible to get to the place where help will be provided.

7. Our drivers are divided into those who, apparently, save light bulbs, so they drive with their “dimensions” on, and those who, by hook or by crook, are trying to attract attention, so they drive with not only headlights, but also fog lights on, even in clear weather sunny day. And this all happens despite the fact that there are clear rules governing actions in these situations. Remember the main thing - we turn on the low beam at night and when conditions with limited visibility arise, side lights are needed when parking, low beam headlights (or) - while driving.

8. There is no need to once again remind you of the rules for driving through the intersection, because of course, all drivers are able to distinguish a secondary road from the main one, and a green traffic light from a red one. But there is one rule that is very often ignored. But in vain, because it is neglect of it that will ultimately cost us, as a rule, time and nerves. The driver's rule is actually simple: if you see that you will not have time to get through the intersection when the traffic light is green, it is better not to leave at all.

On our roads it can sometimes be very difficult to understand the road markings. It’s no secret that it often happens that they draw it incorrectly, and it leads to nowhere, and road services are in no hurry to reline it. In this situation, there is only one rule for the driver - look out. Despite the late evening or disgusting weather, try to see what is painted on the asphalt. Violating road marking regulations is a serious offense and is therefore severely punished.

Another of the driver’s rules, both generally accepted and legalized, is the rule not to interfere with traffic. The most difficult thing, of course, is. Although in reality everything is simple. – You need to try to achieve smoothness when driving, without making any sudden movements, movements, changes in course or changes in speed. To avoid creating dangerous situations on the road for all road users, both drivers and pedestrians, it is important to be predictable.

As you can see for yourself, there is nothing complicated in following these simple driver rules, and attentiveness, politeness and compliance with traffic rules will serve you well.

Video - the main provisions of the rules and responsibilities of drivers:

1.1. These Traffic Rules establish a uniform traffic procedure throughout the entire territory of the Russian Federation. Other regulations relating to road traffic must be based on the requirements of the Rules and not contradict them.

1.2. The Rules use the following basic concepts and terms:

"Driver"- a person driving a vehicle, a driver leading pack animals, riding animals or a herd along the road. A driving instructor is treated like a driver.

"Forced stop"- stopping the movement of a vehicle due to its technical malfunction or danger created by the cargo being transported, the condition of the driver (passenger) or the appearance of an obstacle on the road.

"Hybrid car"- a vehicle having at least 2 different energy converters (motors) and 2 different (on-board) energy storage systems for the purpose of propelling the vehicle.

"Pedestrian and bicycle path (pedestrian and bicycle path)"- a road element (or a separate road) structurally separated from the roadway, intended for the separate or joint movement of cyclists with pedestrians and indicated by signs 4.5.2 - 4.5.7.

"Lane"- any of the longitudinal stripes of the roadway, marked or not marked with markings and having a width sufficient for the movement of cars in one row.

A lane of the roadway intended for the movement of bicycles and mopeds, separated from the rest of the roadway by horizontal markings and marked with sign 5.14.2.

"Advantage (priority)"- the right to priority movement in the intended direction in relation to other road users.

"Let"- a stationary object in the traffic lane (faulty or damaged vehicle, defect in the roadway, foreign objects, etc.) that does not allow continued movement along this lane. A traffic jam or a vehicle stopped in this lane in accordance with the requirements of the Rules is not an obstacle.

"Adjacent Territory"- territory directly adjacent to the road and not intended for through traffic of vehicles (yards, residential areas, parking lots, gas stations, enterprises, etc.). Movement in the adjacent territory is carried out in accordance with these Rules.

"Trailer"- a vehicle not equipped with an engine and intended to travel in conjunction with a power-driven vehicle. The term also applies to semi-trailers and trailers.

"Roadway"- a road element intended for the movement of trackless vehicles.

"Divider"- an element of the road, allocated structurally and (or) using markings 1.2, separating adjacent roadways, as well as the roadway and tram tracks and not intended for the movement and stopping of vehicles.

"Permitted maximum weight"- the mass of the equipped vehicle with cargo, driver and passengers, established by the manufacturer as the maximum permissible. The permissible maximum mass of a vehicle composition, that is, coupled and moving as one unit, is taken to be the sum of the permissible maximum masses of the vehicles included in the composition.

"Adjuster"- a person vested in the prescribed manner with the authority to regulate traffic with the help of signals established by the Rules, and who directly carries out the said regulation. The traffic controller must be in uniform and (or) have a distinctive sign and equipment. Traffic controllers include police officers and military motor vehicle inspectors, as well as employees of road maintenance services, those on duty at railway crossings and ferry crossings in the performance of their official duties.
Regulators also include authorized persons from among employees of transport security departments who perform duties for inspection, additional inspection, re-inspection, observation and (or) interview in order to ensure transport safety, in relation to traffic regulation on sections of highways determined by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation. Federation dated July 18, 2016 N 686 “On identifying sections of highways, railways and inland waterways, heliports, landing sites, as well as other buildings, structures, devices and equipment that ensure the functioning of the transport complex, which are objects of transport infrastructure.

"Parking"- intentional stopping of the movement of a vehicle for a period of more than 5 minutes for reasons not related to the embarkation or disembarkation of passengers or the loading or unloading of the vehicle.

"Night time"- the period of time from the end of evening twilight to the beginning of morning twilight.

"Vehicle"- a device intended for the transport on roads of people, goods or equipment installed on it.

"Sidewalk"- an element of the road intended for pedestrian traffic and adjacent to the roadway or bicycle path or separated from them by a lawn.

"Give way (do not interfere)"- a requirement meaning that a road user must not start, resume or continue moving, or perform any maneuver if this may force other road users who have priority over him to change direction or speed.

"Road User"- a person directly involved in the movement process as a driver, pedestrian, or passenger of a vehicle.

"School bus"- a specialized vehicle (bus) that meets the requirements for vehicles for transporting children established by the legislation on technical regulation, and owned by right of ownership or on another legal basis to a preschool educational or general education organization.

"Electric car"- a vehicle driven exclusively by an electric motor and charged by an external source of electrical energy.

1.3. Road users are required to know and comply with the relevant requirements of the Rules, traffic lights, signs and markings, as well as comply with the orders of traffic controllers acting within the limits of the rights granted to them and regulating traffic with established signals.

1.4. Right-hand traffic for vehicles is established on the roads.

1.5. Road users must act in such a way as not to create a traffic hazard or cause harm.
It is prohibited to damage or pollute road surfaces, remove, block, damage, or unauthorizedly install road signs, traffic lights and other technical means of traffic management, or leave objects on the road that interfere with traffic (). The person who created the obstacle is obliged to take all possible measures to eliminate it, and if this is not possible, then by available means ensure that traffic participants are informed about the danger and report to the police.

1.6. Persons who violate the Rules are liable in accordance with current legislation.

2. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - General responsibilities of drivers

2.1. The driver of a motor vehicle is obliged to:

2.1.1. Carry with you and, at the request of police officers, hand over to them for verification:
- a driver’s license or temporary permit to drive a vehicle of the appropriate category or subcategory;
- registration documents for this vehicle (except for mopeds), and if there is a trailer - also for the trailer (except for trailers for mopeds);
- in established cases, permission to carry out activities for the transportation of passengers and luggage by passenger taxi, waybill, license card and documents for the transported cargo, and when transporting large, heavy and dangerous goods - documents provided for by the rules for the transportation of these goods;
- a document confirming the fact of disability, in the case of driving a vehicle on which an identification mark is installed;

An insurance policy of compulsory civil liability insurance of the owner of a vehicle or information printed on paper about the conclusion of a contract of such compulsory insurance in the form of an electronic document in cases where the obligation to insure one’s civil liability is established by federal law.
In cases directly provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation, have and submit for verification to authorized officials of the Federal Service for Supervision in the Sphere of Transport an access card for a vehicle for international road transport, a waybill and documents for the transported cargo, special permits, if available, In accordance with the legislation on highways and on road activities, it is allowed to drive on highways a heavy and (or) large vehicle, a vehicle transporting dangerous goods, and also provide a vehicle for weight and dimensional control.

2.1.2. When driving a vehicle equipped with seat belts, be fastened and do not carry passengers who are not wearing seat belts. When driving a motorcycle, wear a fastened motorcycle helmet and do not carry passengers without a fastened motorcycle helmet.

2.2. The driver of a motor vehicle participating in international road traffic is obliged to:
- have with you and, at the request of police officers, hand over to them for verification the registration documents for this vehicle (if there is a trailer - and for the trailer) and a driver’s license that comply with the Convention on Road Traffic, as well as documents provided for by the customs legislation of the Eurasian Economic Union, with marks from customs authorities confirming the temporary import of this vehicle (if there is a trailer - and a trailer);
- have on this vehicle (if there is a trailer - and on the trailer) registration and distinctive signs of the state in which it is registered. Distinctive signs of the state may be placed on registration plates.
A driver engaged in international road transport is required to stop at the request of authorized officials of the Federal Service for Supervision of Transport at checkpoints specially designated by road sign 7.14 and present for inspection the vehicle, as well as permits and other documents provided for by international treaties of the Russian Federation.

2.2.1. The driver of a vehicle, including one that does not carry out international transportation of goods, is obliged to stop and present to the authorized official of the customs authorities the vehicle, the goods and documents on them for carrying out customs control in customs control zones created along the state border of the Russian Federation, and in the event that the curb weight of the specified vehicle is 3.5 tons or more, also in other territories of the Russian Federation, determined by the legislation of the Russian Federation on customs regulation, in places specially designated by road sign 7.14.1, at the request of an authorized official of the customs authorities .

2.3. The driver of the vehicle is obliged to:

2.3.1. Before leaving, check and ensure that the vehicle is in good technical condition on the way in accordance with the Basic Regulations for the admission of vehicles to operation and the responsibilities of officials to ensure road safety.
It is prohibited to drive if there is a malfunction of the service brake system, steering, coupling device (as part of a road train), headlights and tail lights are not on (missing) in the dark or in conditions of insufficient visibility, the windshield wiper is not working on the driver's side during rain or snowfall.
If other malfunctions occur along the way, for which the operation of vehicles is prohibited by the appendix to the Basic Provisions, the driver must eliminate them, and if this is not possible, then he can proceed to the place of parking or repair in compliance with the necessary precautions;

2.3.2. At the request of officials authorized to carry out federal state supervision in the field of road safety, undergo an examination for alcohol intoxication and a medical examination for intoxication. The driver of a vehicle of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, the Federal Service of the National Guard of the Russian Federation, engineering, technical and road construction military formations under federal executive authorities, rescue military formations of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergency Situations and Disaster Relief is obliged undergo an examination for alcohol intoxication and a medical examination for intoxication, also at the request of officials of the military automobile inspection.
In established cases, undergo a test of knowledge of the Rules and driving skills, as well as a medical examination to confirm the ability to drive vehicles.

2.3.3. Provide a vehicle:
- police officers, state security agencies and federal security service agencies in cases provided for by law;
- medical and pharmaceutical workers to transport citizens to the nearest medical facility in cases that threaten their lives.

Note.
Persons using a vehicle must, at the request of the driver, issue him a certificate of the established form or make an entry in the waybill (indicating the duration of the trip, distance traveled, his last name, position, service ID number, name of his organization), and medical and pharmaceutical workers - issue a coupon of the established form.

2.3.4. In the event of a forced stop of a vehicle or a traffic accident outside populated areas in the dark or in conditions of limited visibility while on the roadway or side of the road, be dressed in a jacket, vest or cape vest with stripes of reflective material that meet the requirements of GOST 12.4. 281-2014.

2.4. The right to stop vehicles is granted to traffic controllers, as well as:
- authorized officials of the Federal Service for Supervision of Transport in relation to stopping trucks and buses at transport control points specially marked with a road sign 7.14;

To authorized officials of customs authorities in relation to stopping vehicles, including those not carrying out international transportation of goods, in customs control zones created along the state border of the Russian Federation, and if the curb weight of the specified vehicle is 3.5 tons or more, also in other territories of the Russian Federation, determined by the legislation of the Russian Federation on customs regulation, in places specially designated by road sign 7.14.1.

Authorized officials of the Federal Service for Supervision of Transport and Customs Authorities must wear uniforms and use a disk with a red signal or a reflector to stop a vehicle. To attract the attention of vehicle drivers, these authorized officials may use a whistle signal.
Persons who have the right to stop a vehicle are required to present an official identification card upon the driver’s request.

2.5. In the event of a traffic accident, the driver involved in it is obliged to immediately stop (not move) the vehicle, turn on the hazard warning lights and display an emergency stop sign in accordance with the requirements of paragraph 7.2 of the Rules, and not move objects related to the incident. When on the roadway, the driver must take precautions.

2.6. If people are killed or injured as a result of a traffic accident, the driver involved in it is obliged to:
- take measures to provide first aid to victims, call emergency medical care and the police;
- in emergency cases, send the victims along the way, and if this is not possible, deliver them in your vehicle to the nearest medical facility, provide your last name, registration plate of the vehicle (with presentation of an identification document or driver’s license and registration document for the vehicle) and return to the scene of the incident;
- clear the roadway if the movement of other vehicles is impossible, having previously recorded, including by means of photography or video recording, the position of the vehicles in relation to each other and road infrastructure, traces and objects related to the incident, and take all possible measures to their preservation and organization of a detour to the scene of the incident;
- write down the names and addresses of eyewitnesses and wait for the arrival of police officers.

2.6.1. If, as a result of a traffic accident, damage is caused only to property, the driver involved in it is obliged to clear the roadway if the movement of other vehicles is obstructed, having previously recorded by any possible means, including by means of photography or video recording, the position of the vehicles in relation to to each other and road infrastructure, traces and objects related to the incident, and damage to vehicles.
Drivers involved in such a traffic accident are not required to report the incident to the police and can leave the scene of the traffic accident if, in accordance with the legislation on compulsory civil liability insurance of vehicle owners, paperwork about the traffic accident can be carried out without participation authorized police officers.
If, in accordance with the legislation on compulsory civil liability insurance of vehicle owners, documents regarding a traffic accident cannot be completed without the participation of authorized police officers, the driver involved in it is obliged to write down the names and addresses of eyewitnesses and report the incident to the police for receiving instructions from a police officer about the location of the registration of a traffic accident.

2.7. The driver is prohibited from:
- drive a vehicle while intoxicated (alcohol, drugs or other), under the influence of medications that impair reaction and attention, in a painful or tired state that jeopardizes traffic safety;
- transfer control of a vehicle to persons who are intoxicated, under the influence of medications, in a sick or tired state, as well as to persons who do not have a driver’s license to drive a vehicle of the appropriate category or subcategory, except for cases of driving training in accordance with section 21 of the Rules;
- cross organized (including foot) columns and take a place in them;
- consume alcoholic beverages, narcotic, psychotropic or other intoxicating substances after a traffic accident in which he is involved, or after the vehicle has been stopped at the request of a police officer, before an examination to establish the state of intoxication or before a decision is made exemption from such examination;
- drive a vehicle in violation of the work and rest regime established by the authorized federal executive body, and when carrying out international road transport - by international treaties of the Russian Federation;
- use a telephone while driving that is not equipped with a technical device that allows hands-free negotiations;
- dangerous driving, expressed in repeated performance of one or several subsequent actions, consisting of:
failure to comply with the requirement to give way to a vehicle enjoying the right of way when changing lanes,
changing lanes in heavy traffic when all lanes are occupied, except when turning left or right, making a U-turn, stopping or avoiding an obstacle,
failure to maintain a safe distance from the vehicle ahead,
non-compliance with the lateral interval,
sudden braking, if such braking is not required to prevent a traffic accident,
preventing overtaking,
if these actions resulted in the driver creating a situation during road traffic in which his movement and (or) the movement of other road users in the same direction and at the same speed creates a threat of death or injury to people, damage to vehicles, structures, cargo or damage other material damage.

3. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Application of special signals

3.1. Drivers of vehicles with a blue flashing light turned on, when performing an urgent official task, may deviate from the requirements of sections 6 (except for traffic controller signals) and 8-18 of these Rules, appendices and to these Rules, provided that traffic safety is ensured.
To gain an advantage over other road users, drivers of such vehicles must turn on a blue flashing light and a special sound signal. They can take advantage of priority only by making sure that they are given way.
The same right is enjoyed by drivers of vehicles accompanied by vehicles that have special color graphics applied to the outer surfaces, with blue and red flashing lights turned on and a special sound signal, in the cases established by this paragraph. Accompanied vehicles must have low beam headlights on.
On vehicles of the State Road Safety Inspectorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation and the Military Automobile Inspectorate, in addition to the blue flashing light, a red flashing light may be turned on.

3.2. When approaching a vehicle with a blue flashing light and a special sound signal on, drivers are required to give way to ensure unhindered passage of the specified vehicle.
When approaching a vehicle that has special color schemes applied to the outer surfaces, with blue and red flashing lights turned on and a special sound signal, drivers are required to give way to ensure unhindered passage of the specified vehicle, as well as the vehicle (accompanied by it).
It is prohibited to overtake a vehicle that has special color schemes applied to the outer surfaces with a blue flashing light and a special sound signal turned on.
It is prohibited to overtake a vehicle that has special color schemes applied to its external surfaces, with blue and red flashing lights turned on and a special sound signal, as well as the vehicle(s) it is accompanying.

3.3. When approaching a stationary vehicle with a blue flashing light on, the driver should reduce speed to be able to stop immediately if necessary.

3.4. A yellow or orange flashing light must be turned on on vehicles in the following cases:
- performing work on the construction, repair or maintenance of roads, loading damaged, faulty and moving vehicles;
- transportation of large cargo, explosive, flammable, radioactive substances and toxic substances of a high degree of danger;
- escort of vehicles transporting large, heavy and dangerous goods;
- accompanying organized groups of cyclists during training events on public roads;
- organized transportation of a group of children.
An illuminated yellow or orange flashing light does not provide an advantage in traffic and serves to warn other road users of danger.

3.5. Drivers of vehicles with a yellow or orange flashing light turned on when performing work on the construction, repair or maintenance of roads, loading damaged, faulty and moving vehicles may deviate from the requirements of road signs (except for signs 2.2, 2.4-2.6, 3.11-3.14, 3.17 .2, 3.20) and road markings, as well as paragraphs 9.4 - 9.8 and 16.1 of these Rules, subject to ensuring road safety.

Drivers of vehicles when transporting large-sized cargo, as well as when escorting vehicles transporting large-sized and (or) heavy cargo with a yellow or orange flashing light on, may deviate from the requirements of road markings, provided that road safety is ensured.

3.6. Drivers of vehicles of federal postal organizations and vehicles transporting cash proceeds and (or) valuable cargo may turn on a white-moon flashing light and a special sound signal only when attacking these vehicles. A white-lunar flashing light does not provide an advantage in traffic and serves to attract the attention of police officers and other persons.

4. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Responsibilities of pedestrians

4.1. Pedestrians must move on sidewalks, pedestrian paths, bicycle and pedestrian paths, and in their absence, along the roadsides. Pedestrians carrying or carrying bulky objects, as well as people in wheelchairs, may move along the edge of the roadway if their movement on sidewalks or shoulders creates an obstacle for other pedestrians.
If there are no sidewalks, pedestrian paths, bicycle paths or shoulders, and also if it is impossible to move along them, pedestrians can move along a bicycle path or walk in one row along the edge of the roadway (on roads with a dividing strip - along the outer edge of the roadway).
When walking along the edge of the roadway, pedestrians must walk towards the movement of vehicles. Persons moving in wheelchairs, driving a motorcycle, moped, bicycle, in these cases must follow the direction of travel of the vehicles.
When crossing the road and driving along the sides or edge of the roadway in the dark or in conditions of insufficient visibility, pedestrians are recommended, and outside populated areas, pedestrians are required to carry objects with reflective elements and ensure that these objects are visible to vehicle drivers.

4.2. The movement of organized pedestrian columns along the roadway is permitted only in the direction of movement of vehicles on the right side of no more than four people in a row. In front and behind the column on the left side there should be escorts with red flags, and in the dark and in conditions of poor visibility - with lights on: in front - white, in back - red.
Groups of children are allowed to drive only on sidewalks and pedestrian paths, and in their absence, along the roadsides, but only during daylight hours and only when accompanied by adults.

4.3. Pedestrians must cross the road at pedestrian crossings, including underground and overground ones, and in their absence, at intersections along sidewalks or curbs.
At a controlled intersection, it is allowed to cross the roadway between opposite corners of the intersection (diagonally) only if there are markings 1.14.1 or 1.14.2 indicating such a pedestrian crossing.

If there is no crossing or intersection in the visibility zone, it is allowed to cross the road at right angles to the edge of the roadway in areas without a dividing strip and fences where it is clearly visible in both directions.
The requirements of this paragraph do not apply to bicycle zones.

4.4. In places where traffic is regulated, pedestrians must be guided by the signals of a traffic controller or a pedestrian traffic light, and in its absence, a transport traffic light.

4.5. At unregulated pedestrian crossings, pedestrians can enter the roadway (tram tracks) after assessing the distance to approaching vehicles, their speed and making sure that the crossing will be safe for them. When crossing the road outside a pedestrian crossing, pedestrians, in addition, must not interfere with the movement of vehicles and exit from behind a standing vehicle or other obstacle that limits visibility without making sure that there are no approaching vehicles.

4.6. Once on the roadway (tram tracks), pedestrians should not linger or stop unless this is related to ensuring traffic safety. Pedestrians who do not have time to complete the crossing must stop on a traffic island or on a line dividing traffic flows in opposite directions. You can continue crossing only after making sure that further movement is safe and taking into account the traffic light signal (traffic controller).

4.7. When approaching vehicles with a blue flashing light (blue and red) and a special sound signal on, pedestrians are required to refrain from crossing the road, and pedestrians on the roadway (tram tracks) must immediately vacate the roadway (tram tracks).

4.8. It is allowed to wait for a route vehicle and a taxi only on landing platforms raised above the roadway, and if there are none, on the sidewalk or side of the road. In stopping places for route vehicles that are not equipped with raised landing platforms, it is allowed to enter the roadway to board the vehicle only after it has stopped. After disembarking, it is necessary to clear the roadway without delay.
When moving across the roadway to or from the stopping point of a route vehicle, pedestrians must be guided by the requirements of paragraphs 4.4 - 4.7 of the Rules.

5. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Responsibilities of passengers

5.1. Passengers are obliged to:
- when traveling in a vehicle equipped with seat belts, be wearing them, and when riding a motorcycle, wear a fastened motorcycle helmet;
- boarding and disembarking should be done from the sidewalk or curb and only after the vehicle has completely stopped.
If boarding and alighting is not possible from the sidewalk or curb, it may be carried out from the roadway, provided that it is safe and does not interfere with other road users.

5.2. Passengers are prohibited from:
- distract the driver from driving the vehicle while it is moving;
- when traveling on a truck with a flatbed, stand, sit on the sides or on a load above the sides;
- open the doors of the vehicle while it is moving.

6. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Traffic lights and traffic controller signals

6.1. Traffic lights use green, yellow, red and white-lunar light signals.
Depending on the purpose, traffic light signals can be round, in the form of an arrow(s), a silhouette of a pedestrian or a bicycle, or X-shaped.
Traffic lights with round signals may have one or two additional sections with signals in the form of a green arrow(s), which are located at the level of the green round signal.

6.2. Round traffic lights have the following meanings:
- GREEN SIGNAL allows movement;
- A GREEN FLASHING SIGNAL allows movement and informs that its time is expiring and a prohibitory signal will soon be turned on (digital displays can be used to inform drivers about the time in seconds remaining until the end of the green signal);
- YELLOW SIGNAL prohibits movement, except as provided for in paragraph 6.14 of the Rules, and warns of an upcoming change of signals;
- YELLOW FLASHING SIGNAL allows movement and informs about the presence of an unregulated intersection or pedestrian crossing, warns of danger;
- A RED SIGNAL, including a flashing one, prohibits movement.
- The combination of red and yellow signals prohibits movement and informs about the upcoming activation of the green signal.

6.3. Traffic light signals, made in the form of red, yellow and green arrows, have the same meaning as round signals of the corresponding color, but their effect extends only to the direction(s) indicated by the arrows. In this case, the arrow allowing a left turn also allows a U-turn, unless this is prohibited by the corresponding road sign.
The green arrow in the additional section has the same meaning. A switched off signal of an additional section or a switched on red light signal of its outline means that movement in the direction regulated by this section is prohibited.

6.4. If a black contour arrow(s) is applied to the main green traffic light signal, it informs drivers about the presence of an additional section of the traffic light and indicates other permitted directions of movement than the additional section signal.

6.5. If a traffic light signal is made in the form of a silhouette of a pedestrian and (or) a bicycle, then its effect applies only to pedestrians (cyclists). In this case, the green signal allows, and the red signal prohibits, the movement of pedestrians (cyclists).
To regulate the movement of cyclists, a traffic light with round signals of reduced size, complemented by a rectangular white plate measuring 200x200 mm with a picture of a black bicycle, can also be used.

6.6. To inform blind pedestrians about the possibility of crossing the roadway, traffic light signals can be supplemented with an audible signal.

6.7. To regulate the movement of vehicles along lanes of the roadway, in particular along those in which the direction of movement can change to the opposite, reversible traffic lights with a red X-shaped signal and a green signal in the form of an arrow pointing downwards are used. These signals respectively prohibit or allow movement in the lane above which they are located.
The main signals of a reversible traffic light can be supplemented by a yellow signal in the form of an arrow, tilted diagonally down to the right or left, the inclusion of which informs about the upcoming change of signal and the need to change lanes to which the arrow points.
When the signals of the reversing traffic light, which is located above the lane marked on both sides by markings 1.9, are turned off, entry into this lane is prohibited.

6.8. To regulate the movement of trams, as well as other route vehicles moving along the lane allocated for them, single-color traffic lights with four round white-moon colored signals located in the shape of the letter “T” can be used. Movement is permitted only when the lower signal and one or more upper ones are turned on simultaneously, of which the left one allows movement to the left, the middle one allows movement straight, and the right one allows movement to the right. If only the top three signals are on, then movement is prohibited.

6.9. A round white-lunar flashing signal located at a railroad crossing allows vehicles to move through the crossing. When the flashing white-lunar and red signals are turned off, movement is permitted if there is no train (locomotive, handcar) approaching the crossing within sight.

6.10. The traffic controller signals have the following meanings:
HANDS ARE EXTENDED TO THE SIDE OR LOWERED:
- from the left and right sides, the tram is allowed to move straight, trackless vehicles straight and to the right, pedestrians are allowed to cross the roadway;
- from the chest and back, the movement of all vehicles and pedestrians is prohibited.

RIGHT ARMS EXTRACTED FORWARD:
- from the left side, the tram is allowed to move to the left, and trackless vehicles in all directions;
- from the chest side, all vehicles are allowed to move only to the right;
- the movement of all vehicles from the right side and back is prohibited;
- pedestrians are allowed to cross the road behind the traffic controller.

ARM RAISED UP:
- the movement of all vehicles and pedestrians is prohibited in all directions, except as provided for in paragraph 6.14 of the Rules.

The traffic controller can give hand gestures and other signals that are understandable to drivers and pedestrians.
For better visibility of signals, the traffic controller can use a rod or disk with a red signal (retroreflector).

6.11. A request to stop a vehicle is made using a loud-speaking device or a hand gesture directed at the vehicle. The driver must stop at the place indicated to him.

6.12. An additional whistle signal is given to attract the attention of traffic participants.

6.13. When there is a prohibiting signal from a traffic light (except a reversing one) or a traffic controller, drivers must stop in front of the stop line (sign 6.16 “Stop line”), and in its absence:

At an intersection - in front of the roadway being crossed (taking into account clause 13.7 of the Rules), without interfering with pedestrians;
- before a railway crossing - in accordance with clause 15.4 of the Rules;
- in other places - in front of a traffic light or traffic controller, without interfering with vehicles and pedestrians whose movement is permitted.

6.14. Drivers who, when the yellow signal turns on or the traffic controller raises his hand up, cannot stop without resorting to emergency braking in the places determined by paragraph 6.13 of the Rules, are allowed to continue driving.
Pedestrians who were on the roadway when the signal was given must clear it, and if this is not possible, stop on the line dividing traffic flows in opposite directions.

6.15. Drivers and pedestrians must comply with the signals and orders of the traffic controller, even if they contradict traffic light signals, road signs or markings.
If the meanings of traffic light signals contradict the requirements of priority road signs, drivers must be guided by the traffic light signals.

6.16. At railway crossings, simultaneously with the red flashing traffic light, an audible signal may be sounded, additionally informing traffic participants that movement through the crossing is prohibited.

7. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Use of alarm systems and warning triangles

7.1. The hazard warning lights must be turned on:

- when forced to stop in places where stopping is prohibited;
- when the driver is blinded by headlights;
- when towing (on a towed motor vehicle);
- when boarding and disembarking children from a vehicle that has identification marks “Transportation of Children.”

The driver must turn on the hazard warning lights in other cases to warn road users of the danger that the vehicle may pose.

7.2. When a vehicle stops and the hazard warning lights come on, as well as when they are malfunctioning or missing, an emergency stop sign must be immediately displayed:
- in case of a traffic accident;
- when forced to stop in places where it is prohibited, and where, taking into account visibility conditions, the vehicle cannot be noticed in a timely manner by other drivers.
This sign is installed at a distance that provides timely warning to other drivers of the danger in a particular situation. However, this distance must be at least 15 m from the vehicle in populated areas and 30 m outside populated areas.

7.3. If there is no or faulty hazard warning light on a towed motor vehicle, a warning triangle must be attached to its rear part.

8. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Starting movement, maneuvering

8.1. Before starting to move, change lanes, turn (U-turn) and stop, the driver is required to give signals with light direction indicators in the appropriate direction, and if they are missing or faulty - with his hand. When performing a maneuver, there should be no danger to traffic or interference with other road users.

The signal for a left turn (turn) corresponds to the left arm extended to the side or the right arm extended to the side and bent at the elbow at a right angle upward.

The right turn signal corresponds to the right arm extended to the side or the left arm extended to the side and bent at the elbow at a right angle upward.

The brake signal is given by raising your left or right hand.

8.2. The turn signal or hand signal must be given well in advance of the maneuver and cease immediately after completion (the hand signal may be terminated immediately before the maneuver). In this case, the signal should not mislead other road users.
Signaling does not give the driver an advantage or relieve him from taking precautions.

8.3. When entering the road from the adjacent territory, the driver must give way to vehicles and pedestrians moving along it, and when leaving the road - to pedestrians and cyclists whose movement path he crosses.

8.4. When changing lanes, the driver must give way to vehicles moving in the same direction without changing direction. When simultaneously changing lanes of vehicles moving in the same direction, the driver must give way to the vehicle on the right.

8.5. Before turning right, left or making a U-turn, the driver is obliged to take in advance the appropriate extreme position on the roadway intended for traffic in this direction, except in cases where a turn is made when entering an intersection where a roundabout is organized.
If there are tram tracks in the same direction on the left, located at the same level as the roadway, a left turn and a U-turn must be made from them, unless signs 5.15.1 or 5.15.2 or markings 1.18 prescribe a different movement order. In this case, there should be no interference with the tram.

8.6. The turn must be carried out in such a way that when leaving the intersection of roadways the vehicle does not end up on the side of oncoming traffic.
When turning right, the vehicle should move as close as possible to the right edge of the roadway.

8.7. If a vehicle, due to its size or for other reasons, cannot make a turn in compliance with the requirements of paragraph 8.5 of the Rules, it is allowed to retreat from them provided that traffic safety is ensured and if this does not interfere with other vehicles.

8.8. When turning left or making a U-turn outside an intersection, the driver of a trackless vehicle must give way to oncoming vehicles and a tram in the same direction.
If, when turning outside an intersection, the width of the roadway is not sufficient to perform the maneuver from the extreme left position, it is allowed to be made from the right edge of the roadway (from the right shoulder). In this case, the driver must give way to passing and oncoming vehicles.

8.9. In cases where the trajectories of vehicles intersect, and the order of passage is not specified by the Rules, the driver to whom the vehicle is approaching from the right must give way.

8.10. If there is a braking lane, the driver intending to turn must change lanes in a timely manner and reduce speed only in this lane.
If there is an acceleration lane at the entrance to the road, the driver must move along it and change lanes into the adjacent lane, giving way to vehicles moving along this road.

8.11. U-turn is prohibited:
- at pedestrian crossings;
- in tunnels;
- on bridges, overpasses, overpasses and under them;
- at railway crossings;
- in places with visibility of the road in at least one direction less than 100 m;
- in places where route vehicles stop.

8.12. Reversing a vehicle is permitted provided that this maneuver is safe and does not interfere with other road users. If necessary, the driver must seek the help of others.
Reversing is prohibited at intersections and in places where turning around is prohibited in accordance with paragraph 8.11 of the Rules.

9. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Location of vehicles on the roadway

9.1. The number of lanes for trackless vehicles is determined by markings and (or) signs 5.15.1, 5.15.2, 5.15.7, 5.15.8, and if there are none, then by the drivers themselves, taking into account the width of the roadway, vehicle dimensions and required intervals between them.

In this case, the side intended for oncoming traffic on two-way roads without a dividing strip is considered to be half the width of the roadway located on the left, not counting local widenings of the roadway (transition and express lanes, additional lanes on the rise, drive-in pockets of stops for route vehicles ).

9.1.1. On any two-way roads, driving in the lane intended for oncoming traffic is prohibited if it is separated by tram tracks, a dividing strip, markings 1.1, 1.3 or markings 1.11, the broken line of which is located on the left.

1.1

1.3

1.11

9.2. On dual carriageway roads with four or more lanes, it is prohibited to overtake or pass into the lane intended for oncoming traffic. On such roads, left turns or U-turns may be made at intersections and in other places where this is not prohibited by the Rules, signs and (or) markings.

9.3. On two-way roads that have three lanes marked with markings (except for marking 1.9), of which the middle one is used for traffic in both directions, it is allowed to enter this lane only for overtaking, bypassing, turning left or making a U-turn. It is prohibited to enter the leftmost lane intended for oncoming traffic.

9.4. Outside populated areas, as well as in populated areas on roads marked with 5.1 “Highway” or 5.3 “Road for Motor Vehicles” or where driving at a speed of more than 80 km/h is permitted, vehicle drivers must drive them as close as possible to the right edge of the roadway parts. It is prohibited to occupy the left lanes when the right lanes are free.

In populated areas, taking into account the requirements of this paragraph and paragraphs 9.5, 16.1 and 24.2 of the Rules, vehicle drivers can use the lane that is most convenient for them. In heavy traffic, when all lanes are occupied, changing lanes is only allowed to turn left or right, make a U-turn, stop, or avoid an obstacle.
However, on any roads that have three or more lanes for traffic in a given direction, the leftmost lane is allowed to occupy only in heavy traffic, when other lanes are occupied, as well as for turning left or making a U-turn, and for trucks with a permissible maximum weight of more than 2.5 t - only for turning left or making a U-turn. Entering the left lane of one-way roads to stop and park is carried out in accordance with paragraph 12.1 of the Rules.

9.5. Vehicles whose speed should not exceed 40 km/h or which for technical reasons cannot reach such a speed must move in the extreme right lane, except in cases of detour, overtaking or changing lanes before turning left, making a U-turn or stopping in permitted cases on the left side of the road.

9.6. It is allowed to travel on tram tracks in the same direction, located on the left at the same level as the roadway, when all lanes in this direction are occupied, as well as when making a detour, turning left or making a U-turn, taking into account clause 8.5 of the Rules. In this case, there should be no interference with the tram. It is prohibited to drive onto tram tracks in the opposite direction. If road signs 5.15.1 or 5.15.2 are installed in front of the intersection, driving on tram tracks through the intersection is prohibited.

9.7. If the roadway is divided into stripes by marking lines, the movement of vehicles must be carried out strictly along the designated lanes. It is allowed to drive over broken marking lines only when changing lanes.

9.8. When turning onto a road with reverse traffic, the driver must drive the vehicle in such a way that when leaving the intersection of roadways, the vehicle takes the far right lane. Changing lanes is permitted only after the driver is convinced that traffic in this direction is also permitted in other lanes.

9.9. The movement of vehicles on dividing strips and shoulders, sidewalks and pedestrian paths is prohibited (except for the cases provided for in paragraphs 12.1, 24.2 - 24.4, 24.7, 25.2 of the Rules), as well as the movement of motorized vehicles (except mopeds) along the lanes for cyclists. The movement of motor vehicles on bicycle and bicycle-pedestrian paths is prohibited. The movement of vehicles of road maintenance and utility services is allowed, as well as access along the shortest route for vehicles delivering cargo to trade and other enterprises and facilities located directly next to the roadsides, sidewalks or pedestrian paths, in the absence of other access options. At the same time, traffic safety must be ensured.

9.10. The driver must maintain such a distance from the vehicle in front that would allow him to avoid a collision, as well as the necessary lateral interval to ensure traffic safety.

9.11. Outside populated areas on dual carriageway roads with two lanes, the driver of a vehicle for which a speed limit has been established, as well as the driver of a vehicle (vehicle combination) longer than 7 m, must maintain such a distance between himself and the vehicle moving ahead that overtaking vehicles could move into the lane they previously occupied without interference. This requirement does not apply when driving on sections of roads where overtaking is prohibited, as well as during heavy traffic and movement in an organized transport convoy.

9.12. On two-way roads, in the absence of a dividing strip, traffic islands, bollards and elements of road structures (supports of bridges, overpasses, etc.) located in the middle of the roadway, the driver must drive around on the right, unless signs and markings indicate otherwise.

10. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Driving speed

10.1. The driver must drive the vehicle at a speed not exceeding the established limit, taking into account the intensity of traffic, the characteristics and condition of the vehicle and cargo, road and meteorological conditions, in particular visibility in the direction of travel. The speed must provide the driver with the ability to constantly control the movement of the vehicle to comply with the requirements of the Rules.
If a traffic hazard arises that the driver is able to detect, he must take possible measures to reduce the speed until the vehicle stops.

10.2. In populated areas, vehicle traffic is permitted at a speed of no more than 60 km/h, and in residential areas, bicycle zones and courtyard areas, no more than 20 km/h.

Note.
By decision of the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, an increase in speed may be allowed (with the installation of appropriate signs) on sections of roads or lanes for certain types of vehicles if road conditions ensure safe movement at a higher speed. In this case, the permitted speed should not exceed the values established for the corresponding types of vehicles on highways.

10.3. Movement outside populated areas is permitted:
- motorcycles, cars and trucks with a permissible maximum weight of no more than 3.5 tons on highways - at a speed of no more than 110 km/h, on other roads - no more than 90 km/h;
- intercity and small buses on all roads - no more than 90 km/h:
- other buses, passenger cars when towing a trailer, trucks with a permissible maximum weight of more than 3.5 tons on highways - no more than 90 km/h, on other roads - no more than 70 km/h;
- trucks carrying people in the back - no more than 60 km/h;
- vehicles carrying out organized transportation of groups of children - no more than 60 km/h.

Note.
By decision of the owners or possessors of highways, an increase in the speed on sections of roads for certain types of vehicles may be allowed if road conditions provide for safe movement at a higher speed. In this case, the permitted speed should not exceed 130 km/h on roads marked with sign 5.1, and 110 km/h on roads marked with sign 5.3.

10.4. Vehicles towing power-driven vehicles are permitted to travel at a speed of no more than 50 km/h.
Vehicles transporting large, heavy and dangerous goods are allowed to move at a speed not exceeding the speed established when agreeing on the terms of transportation.

10.5. The driver is prohibited from:
- exceed the maximum speed determined by the technical characteristics of the vehicle;
- exceed the speed indicated on the “Speed Limit” identification sign installed on the vehicle;
- interfere with other vehicles by driving unnecessarily at too low a speed;
- brake sharply if this is not necessary to prevent a traffic accident.

11. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Overtaking, advancing, oncoming traffic

11.1. Before overtaking, the driver must make sure that the lane he is about to enter is clear at a sufficient distance for overtaking and that in the process of overtaking he will not create a danger to traffic or interfere with other road users.

11.2. The driver is prohibited from overtaking in the following cases:
- the vehicle moving ahead is overtaking or going around an obstacle;
- a vehicle moving ahead in the same lane has given a left turn signal;
- the vehicle following him began to overtake;
- upon completion of overtaking, he will not be able, without creating a danger to traffic and interference with the overtaken vehicle, to return to the previously occupied lane.

11.3. The driver of an overtaken vehicle is prohibited from impeding overtaking by increasing speed or other actions.

11.4. Overtaking is prohibited:
- at controlled intersections, as well as at unregulated intersections when driving on a road that is not the main one;
- at pedestrian crossings;
- at railway crossings and closer than 100 meters in front of them;
- on bridges, overpasses, overpasses and under them, as well as in tunnels;
- at the end of a climb, on dangerous turns and in other areas with limited visibility.

11.5. The advance of vehicles when passing pedestrian crossings is carried out taking into account the requirements of paragraph 14.2 of the Rules.

11.6. If, outside populated areas, overtaking or ahead of a slow-moving vehicle, a vehicle transporting large cargo, or a vehicle moving at a speed not exceeding 30 km/h is difficult, the driver of such a vehicle must take as far to the right as possible, and if necessary stop to allow following vehicles to pass.

11.7. If oncoming traffic is difficult to pass, the driver on whose side there is an obstacle must give way. The driver of a vehicle moving downhill must give way in the presence of an obstacle on slopes marked with signs 1.13 “Steep descent” and 1.14 “Steep ascent”.

12. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Stopping and parking

12.1. Stopping and parking of vehicles is permitted on the right side of the road on the side of the road, and in its absence - on the roadway at its edge and in the cases established by paragraph 12.2 of the Rules - on the sidewalk.
On the left side of the road, stopping and parking are permitted in populated areas on roads with one lane for each direction without tram tracks in the middle and on one-way roads (trucks with a permissible maximum weight of more than 3.5 tons are allowed on the left side of one-way roads only stopping for loading or unloading).

12.2. It is allowed to park the vehicle in one row parallel to the edge of the roadway. Two-wheeled vehicles without a side trailer may be parked in two rows.
The method of parking a vehicle (parking lot) is determined by sign 6.4 and road marking lines, sign 6.4 with one of the signs 8.6.1 - 8.6.9 and road marking lines or without them.
The combination of sign 6.4 with one of the plates 8.6.4 - 8.6.9, as well as road marking lines, allows the vehicle to be positioned at an angle to the edge of the roadway if the configuration (local widening) of the roadway allows such an arrangement.

Parking on the edge of the sidewalk bordering the roadway is permitted only for cars, motorcycles, mopeds and bicycles in places marked with sign 6.4 “Parking (Parking space)” with one of the signs 8.4.7 “Type of vehicle”, 8.6.2, 8.6.3, 8.6.6 - 8.6.9 "Method of parking a vehicle."

12.3. Parking for the purpose of long-term rest, overnight stay, etc. outside a populated area is permitted only in designated areas or off the road.

12.4. Stopping is prohibited:
- on tram tracks, as well as in the immediate vicinity of them, if this creates interference with the movement of trams;
- at railway crossings, in tunnels, as well as on overpasses, bridges, overpasses (if there are less than three lanes for traffic in a given direction) and under them;
- in places where the distance between the solid marking line (except for the edge of the roadway), the dividing strip or the opposite edge of the roadway and the stopped vehicle is less than 3 m;
- at pedestrian crossings and closer than 5 m in front of them;
- on the roadway near dangerous turns and convex breaks in the longitudinal profile of the road when the visibility of the road is less than 100 m in at least one direction;
- at the intersection of roadways and closer than 5 m from the edge of the roadway being crossed, with the exception of the side opposite the side passage of three-way intersections (intersections) that have a continuous marking line or dividing strip;
- closer than 15 meters from the stopping places of fixed-route vehicles or parking for passenger taxis, marked with marking 1.17, and in its absence - from the sign of the stopping place of fixed-route vehicles or parking for passenger taxis (except for stops for boarding and disembarking passengers, if this does not interfere with traffic route vehicles or vehicles used as passenger taxis);

In places where the vehicle will block traffic lights, road signs from other drivers, or make it impossible for other vehicles to move (enter or exit) (including on bicycle or bicycle-pedestrian paths, as well as closer than 5 m from the intersection of a bicycle or bicycle-pedestrian path with roadway), or will interfere with the movement of pedestrians (including at the junction of the roadway and sidewalk on the same level, intended for the movement of people with limited mobility);
- on the lane for cyclists.

12.5. Parking is prohibited:
- in places where stopping is prohibited;
- outside populated areas on the carriageway of roads marked with sign 2.1

Closer than 50 m from railway crossings.

12.6. If forced to stop in places where stopping is prohibited, the driver must take all possible measures to remove the vehicle from these places.

12.7. It is prohibited to open vehicle doors if this will interfere with other road users.

12.8. The driver may leave his seat or leave the vehicle if he has taken the necessary measures to prevent spontaneous movement of the vehicle or its use in the absence of the driver.
It is prohibited to leave a child under 7 years of age in a vehicle while it is parked in the absence of an adult.

13. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Driving through intersections

13.1. When turning right or left, the driver must give way to pedestrians and cyclists crossing the roadway onto which he is turning.

13.2. It is prohibited to drive to an intersection, the intersection of roadways or a section of an intersection marked with markings 1.26 if there is a traffic jam ahead along the route that will force the driver to stop, creating an obstacle to the movement of vehicles in the transverse direction, with the exception of turning right or left in the cases established by these Rules.

13.3. An intersection where the traffic order is determined by traffic lights or traffic controller signals is considered regulated.
When there is a flashing yellow signal, non-functioning traffic lights or the absence of a traffic controller, the intersection is considered unregulated, and drivers are required to follow the rules for driving through uncontrolled intersections and the priority signs installed at the intersection.

Signalized intersections

13.4. When turning left or making a U-turn at a green traffic light, the driver of a trackless vehicle is required to give way to vehicles moving straight or to the right from the opposite direction. Tram drivers should follow the same rule among themselves.

13.5. When driving in the direction of the arrow turned on in the additional section simultaneously with a yellow or red traffic light, the driver is obliged to give way to vehicles moving from other directions.

13.6. If traffic lights or traffic controller signals allow the movement of a tram and trackless vehicles at the same time, then the tram has priority regardless of the direction of its movement. However, when moving in the direction of the arrow turned on in the additional section simultaneously with a red or yellow traffic light, the tram must give way to vehicles moving from other directions.

13.7. A driver who enters an intersection when the traffic light signal permits must drive in the intended direction regardless of the traffic light signal at the exit from the intersection. However, if at the intersection in front of the traffic lights located on the driver’s route there are stop lines (signs 6.16), the driver must follow the signals of each traffic light.

13.8. When the traffic light turns on, the driver is obliged to give way to vehicles completing their movement through the intersection, and to pedestrians who have not completed crossing the roadway in this direction.

Uncontrolled intersections

13.9. At the intersection of unequal roads, the driver of a vehicle moving on a secondary road must give way to vehicles approaching on the main road, regardless of the direction of their further movement.
At such intersections, a tram has an advantage over trackless vehicles moving in the same or opposite direction on an equivalent road, regardless of the direction of its movement.

13.10. In the event that the main road changes direction at an intersection, drivers moving along the main road must follow the rules for driving through intersections of equivalent roads. Drivers driving on secondary roads should follow the same rules.

13.11. At the intersection of equivalent roads, with the exception of the case provided for in paragraph 13.11 1 of the Rules, the driver of a trackless vehicle is obliged to give way to vehicles approaching from the right. Tram drivers should follow the same rule among themselves.
At such intersections, the tram has priority over trackless vehicles, regardless of the direction of its movement.

13.11 1 . When entering an intersection where there is a roundabout and which is marked with sign 4.3, the driver of the vehicle is obliged to give way to vehicles moving along such an intersection.

13.12. When turning left or making a U-turn, the driver of a trackless vehicle is obliged to give way to vehicles moving on an equivalent road from the opposite direction straight or to the right. Tram drivers should follow the same rule among themselves.

13.13. If the driver cannot determine the presence of surface on the road (darkness, mud, snow, etc.), and there are no priority signs, he should assume that he is on a secondary road.

14. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Pedestrian crossings and stopping places for route vehicles

14.1. The driver of a vehicle approaching an unregulated pedestrian crossing ** is obliged to give way to pedestrians crossing the road or entering the roadway (tram tracks) to cross.

** The concepts of a controlled and unregulated pedestrian crossing are similar to the concepts of a controlled and unregulated intersection established in clause 13.3 of the Rules.

14.2. If a vehicle stops or slows down in front of an unregulated pedestrian crossing, then drivers of other vehicles moving in the same direction are also required to stop or slow down. It is allowed to continue driving, taking into account the requirements of paragraph 14.1 of the Rules.

14.3. At controlled pedestrian crossings, when the traffic light permits the signal, the driver must allow pedestrians to finish crossing the roadway (tram tracks) in that direction.

14.4. It is prohibited to enter a pedestrian crossing if there is a traffic jam behind it that will force the driver to stop at the pedestrian crossing.

14.5. In all cases, including outside pedestrian crossings, the driver is obliged to give way to blind pedestrians signaling with a white cane.

14.6. The driver must give way to pedestrians walking to or from a fixed-route vehicle standing at the stopping place (from the door side), if boarding and disembarking is carried out from the roadway or from a landing area located on it.

14.7. When approaching a stopped vehicle with hazard warning lights on and with identification signs, the driver must reduce speed, stop if necessary and let children pass.

15. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Traffic across railway tracks

15.1. Drivers of vehicles can cross railway tracks only at level crossings, giving way to a train (locomotive, handcar).

15.2. When approaching a railway crossing, the driver must follow the requirements of road signs, traffic lights, markings, the position of the barrier and the instructions of the crossing officer and make sure that there is no approaching train (locomotive, railcar).

15.3. It is prohibited to travel:
when the barrier is closed or starting to close (regardless of the traffic light signal);
- when there is a prohibiting traffic light signal (regardless of the position and presence of the barrier);
- when there is a prohibitory signal from the crossing duty officer (the duty officer faces the driver with his chest or back with a baton, red lantern or flag raised above his head, or with his arms extended to the side);
- if there is a traffic jam behind the crossing that will force the driver to stop at the crossing:
- if a train (locomotive, handcar) is approaching the crossing within sight.
In addition, it is prohibited:
- drive around vehicles standing in front of the crossing into oncoming traffic;
- open the barrier without permission;
- transport agricultural, road, construction and other machines and mechanisms through the crossing in a non-transport position;
- without the permission of the head of the railway track, the movement of low-speed vehicles whose speed is less than 8 km/h, as well as tractor drag sleds.

15.4. In cases where movement through the crossing is prohibited, the driver must stop at the stop line, sign 2.5 "Moving without stopping is prohibited" or a traffic light, if there are none - no closer than 5 m from the barrier, and in the absence of the latter - no closer than 10 m to the nearest rail.

15.5. When forced to stop at a crossing, the driver must immediately unload people and take measures to clear the crossing. At the same time, the driver must:
- if possible, send two people along the tracks in both directions from the crossing 1000 m (if one, then in the direction of the worst visibility of the track), explaining to them the rules for giving a stop signal to the driver of an approaching train;
- stay near the vehicle and give general alarm signals;
- when a train appears, run towards it, giving a stop signal.

Note.
The stop signal is a circular movement of the hand (in the daytime with a piece of bright material or some clearly visible object, at night - with a torch or lantern). The general alarm is signaled by a series of one long and three short beeps.

16. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Driving on highways

16.1. On highways it is prohibited:
- movement of pedestrians, pets, bicycles, mopeds, tractors and self-propelled vehicles, other vehicles, the speed of which, according to technical characteristics or their condition, is less than 40 km/h;
- movement of trucks with a permissible maximum weight of more than 3.5 tons beyond the second lane;
- stopping outside special parking areas marked with sign 6.4 “Parking (Parking space)” or 7.11 “Rest place”;

Turning around and entering technological gaps in the dividing strip;
- reversing;
- training ride.

16.2. When forced to stop on the roadway, the driver must designate the vehicle in accordance with the requirements of Section 7 of the Rules and take measures to move it onto the designated lane (to the right of the line marking the edge of the roadway).

17. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Traffic in residential areas

17.1. In a residential zone, that is, in an area whose entrances and exits are indicated by signs 5.21 “Residential zone” and 5.22 “End of residential zone”, pedestrian movement is permitted both on sidewalks and on the roadway. In residential areas, pedestrians have the right of way, but they must not unreasonably interfere with vehicular traffic.

17.2. In a residential area, the through traffic of motor vehicles, practice driving, parking with the engine running, as well as parking of trucks with a permissible maximum weight of more than 3.5 tons outside specially allocated and marked areas with signs and (or) markings is prohibited.

17.3. When leaving a residential area, drivers must give way to other road users.

17.4. The requirements of this section also apply to courtyard areas.

18. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Priority of route vehicles

18.1. Outside intersections where tram tracks cross the roadway, the tram has priority over trackless vehicles, except when leaving the depot.

18.2. On roads with a lane for route vehicles, marked with signs 5.11.1, 5.13.1, 5.13.2, 5.14 "Road with a lane for route vehicles",

It is prohibited for other vehicles to move or stop on this lane, with the exception of:
- school buses;
- vehicles used as passenger taxis;
- vehicles that are used to transport passengers, have, with the exception of the driver’s seat, more than 8 seats, the technically permissible maximum weight of which exceeds 5 tons, the list of which is approved by the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation - gg. Moscow, St. Petersburg and Sevastopol.

Cyclists are allowed on lanes for fixed-route vehicles if such a lane is located on the right.

Drivers of vehicles allowed to drive in lanes for fixed-route vehicles, when entering an intersection from such a lane, may deviate from the requirements of road signs 4.1.1 - 4.1.6, 5.15.1 and 5.15.2 to continue driving along such a lane.

If this lane is separated from the rest of the roadway by a broken marking line, then when turning, vehicles must change lanes to it. It is also permitted in such places to enter this lane when entering the road and for boarding and disembarking passengers at the right edge of the roadway, provided that this does not interfere with route vehicles.

18.3. In populated areas, drivers must give way to trolleybuses and buses starting from the designated stopping place. Drivers of trolleybuses and buses can start moving only after making sure that they are given way.

19. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Use of external lighting devices and sound signals

19.1. In the dark and in conditions of insufficient visibility, regardless of the road lighting, as well as in tunnels, the following lighting devices must be turned on on a moving vehicle:
- on all motor vehicles - high or low beam headlights, on bicycles - headlights or lanterns, on horse-drawn carts - lanterns (if equipped);
- on trailers and towed motor vehicles - side lights.

19.2. High beam should be switched to low beam:
- in populated areas, if the road is illuminated;
- when passing oncoming traffic at a distance of at least 150 m from the vehicle, and also at a greater distance, if the driver of the oncoming vehicle periodically switching the headlights indicates the need for this;
- in any other cases to eliminate the possibility of blinding drivers of both oncoming and passing vehicles.
If blinded, the driver must turn on the hazard warning lights and, without changing lanes, reduce speed and stop.

19.3. When stopping and parking at night on unlit sections of roads, as well as in conditions of insufficient visibility, the side lights on the vehicle must be turned on. In conditions of poor visibility, low beam headlights, fog lights and rear fog lights can be switched on in addition to the side lights.

19.4. Fog lights can be used:
- in conditions of insufficient visibility with low or high beam headlights;
- at night on unlit sections of roads together with low or high beam headlights;
- instead of low beam headlights in accordance with paragraph 19.5 of the Rules.

19.5. During daylight hours, all moving vehicles must have low-beam headlights or daytime running lights on to indicate them.

19.6. The spotlight and searchlight may only be used outside populated areas in the absence of oncoming vehicles. In populated areas, only drivers of vehicles equipped in the prescribed manner with blue flashing lights and special sound signals can use such headlights when performing an urgent official task.

19.7. Rear fog lights can only be used in conditions of poor visibility. Do not connect rear fog lights to brake lights.

19.8. The identification sign “Road Train” must be turned on when the road train is moving, and in the dark and in conditions of insufficient visibility, in addition, while it is stopped or parked.

19.9. (Excluded by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated February 16, 2008 No. 84.)

19.10. Sound signals can only be used:
- to warn other drivers about the intention to overtake outside populated areas;
- in cases where it is necessary to prevent a traffic accident.

19.11. To warn of overtaking, instead of a sound signal or together with it, a light signal may be given, which is a short-term switching of the headlights from low to high beam.

20. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Towing of motor vehicles

20.1. Towing on a rigid or flexible hitch should be carried out only when there is a driver behind the wheel of the towed vehicle, except in cases where the design of the rigid hitch ensures that the towed vehicle follows the trajectory of the towing vehicle when moving in a straight line.

20.2. When towing with a flexible or rigid hitch, it is prohibited to transport people in the towed bus, trolleybus and in the body of a towed truck, and when towing by partial loading, it is prohibited to have people in the cabin or body of the towed vehicle, as well as in the body of the towing vehicle.

20.2 1 . When towing, driving towing vehicles must be carried out by drivers who have been licensed to drive vehicles for 2 years or more.

20.3. When towing with a flexible hitch, the distance between the towing and towed vehicles must be within 4-6 m, and when towing with a rigid hitch, no more than 4 m.
The flexible link must be marked in accordance with paragraph 9 of the General Provisions.

20.4. Towing is prohibited:
- vehicles that do not have steering ** (towing by partial loading is allowed);
- two or more vehicles;
- vehicles with an ineffective braking system **, if their actual weight is more than half the actual weight of the towing vehicle. If the actual weight is lower, towing of such vehicles is allowed only with a rigid coupling or by partial loading;
- two-wheeled motorcycles without a side trailer, as well as such motorcycles;
- in icy conditions on a flexible hitch.
** Systems that do not allow the driver to stop the vehicle or perform a maneuver while driving even at minimum speed are considered inoperative.

21. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Training driving

21.1. Initial training in driving vehicles should be carried out in closed areas or race tracks.

21.2. Training driving on the roads is allowed only with a teacher and if the student has initial driving skills. The student is required to know and comply with the requirements of the Rules.

21.3. The teacher must have with him a document for the right to learn to drive a vehicle of this category or subcategory, as well as a certificate for the right to drive a vehicle of the corresponding category or subcategory.

21.4. A student driving a car or motorcycle must be at least 16 years old.

21.5. The mechanical vehicle on which training is carried out must be equipped in accordance with paragraph 5 of the Basic Provisions and have identification marks “Training Vehicle”.

21.6. Driving practice is prohibited on roads, the list of which is announced in the prescribed manner.

22. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Transportation of people

22.1. Transportation of people in the back of a truck must be carried out by drivers who have a driver's license for the right to drive a vehicle of category "C" or subcategory "C1" for 3 years or more.
In the case of transporting people in the back of a truck in the amount of more than 8, but not more than 16 people, including passengers in the cabin, the driver’s license is also required to have an authorization mark confirming the right to drive a vehicle of category “D” or subcategory “D1”, in in case of transportation of more than 16 people, including passengers in the cabin - category "D".
Note. Military drivers are allowed to transport people in trucks in accordance with the established procedure.

22.2. Transporting people in the back of a flatbed truck is permitted if it is equipped in accordance with the Basic Provisions, but transporting children is not permitted.

22.2 1 . Transportation of people on a motorcycle must be carried out by a driver who has a driver's license for the right to drive vehicles of category "A" or subcategory "A1" for 2 or more years, transportation of people on a moped must be carried out by a driver who has a driver's license for the right to drive vehicles of any category or subcategories for 2 or more years.

22.3. The number of people transported in the back of a truck, as well as in the cabin of a bus carrying out transportation on an intercity, mountain, tourist or excursion route, and in the case of organized transportation of a group of children, should not exceed the number of seats equipped for sitting.

22.4. Before the trip, the driver of the truck must instruct passengers on the procedure for boarding, disembarking and placing in the back.
You can start moving only after making sure that the conditions for the safe transportation of passengers are provided.

22.5. Travel in the back of a truck with a flatbed that is not equipped for transporting people is permitted only to persons accompanying the cargo or following its receipt, provided that they are provided with a seat located below the level of the sides.

22.6. Organized transportation of a group of children must be carried out in accordance with these Rules, as well as the rules approved by the Government of the Russian Federation, on a bus marked with identification marks “Transportation of Children”.

22.7. The driver is obliged to board and disembark passengers only after the vehicle has come to a complete stop, and to start driving only with the doors closed and not open them until the vehicle has come to a complete stop.

22.8. It is prohibited to transport people:
- outside the cabin of a car (except for cases of transportation of people in the back of a truck with a flatbed or in a van), tractor, other self-propelled vehicles, on a cargo trailer, in a caravan trailer, in the back of a cargo motorcycle and outside the seating areas provided for by the design of the motorcycle ;
- in excess of the amount provided for by the technical characteristics of the vehicle.

22.9. Transportation of children under the age of 7 years in a car and a truck cab that is designed with seat belts or seat belts and an ISOFIX* child restraint system must be carried out using child restraint systems (devices) that are appropriate for the weight and height of the child.
Transportation of children aged 7 to 11 years (inclusive) in a passenger car and truck cab, which are designed with seat belts or seat belts and an ISOFIX child restraint system, must be carried out using child restraint systems (devices) that are appropriate for the weight and height of the child , or using seat belts, and in the front seat of a car - only with the use of child restraint systems (devices) corresponding to the weight and height of the child.
The installation of child restraint systems (devices) in a passenger car and the cabin of a truck and the placement of children in them must be carried out in accordance with the operating instructions for the specified systems (devices).
It is prohibited to transport children under the age of 12 on the back seat of a motorcycle.

* The name of the ISOFIX child restraint system is given in accordance with the Technical Regulations of the Customs Union TP PC 018/2011 “On the safety of wheeled vehicles”

23. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Transportation of goods

23.1. The weight of the transported cargo and the load distribution along the axles must not exceed the values established by the manufacturer for this vehicle.

23.2. Before starting and while driving, the driver is obliged to control the placement, fastening and condition of the load in order to avoid it falling and creating obstacles to movement.

23.3. Transportation of cargo is permitted provided that it:
- does not limit the driver’s visibility;
- does not complicate control and does not affect the stability of the vehicle;
- does not cover external lighting devices and reflectors, registration and identification marks, and does not interfere with the perception of hand signals;
- does not create noise, does not create dust and does not pollute the road or the environment.
If the condition and placement of the cargo do not meet the specified requirements, the driver is obliged to take measures to eliminate violations of the listed transportation rules or stop further movement.

23.4. A load protruding beyond the dimensions of the vehicle in front or behind by more than 1 m or on the side by more than 0.4 m from the outer edge of the side light must be marked with identification signs “Large load”, and in the dark and in conditions of poor visibility , in addition, in front - a flashlight or a white reflector, at the rear - a flashlight or a red reflector.

23.5. Transportation of heavy and dangerous goods, movement of a vehicle whose overall dimensions with or without cargo exceed 2.55 m in width (2.6 m for refrigerators and isothermal bodies), in height of 4 m from the surface of the roadway, in length (including one trailer) 20 m, or the movement of a vehicle with a load protruding beyond the rear point of the vehicle's overall dimensions by more than 2 m, as well as the movement of road trains with two or more trailers is carried out in accordance with special rules.
International road transport is carried out in accordance with the requirements for vehicles and transportation rules established by international treaties of the Russian Federation.

24. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Additional requirements for the movement of cyclists and moped drivers

24.1. Cyclists over 14 years of age must use bicycle paths, bicycle pedestrian paths, or bicycle lanes.

24.2. Cyclists over 14 years of age are allowed:

On the right edge of the roadway - in the following cases:
- there are no bicycle and bicycle pedestrian paths, a lane for cyclists, or there is no opportunity to move along them;
- the overall width of the bicycle, its trailer or the cargo being transported exceeds 1 m;
- the movement of cyclists is carried out in columns;
- on the side of the road - if there are no bicycle and bicycle pedestrian paths, a lane for cyclists, or there is no opportunity to move along them or along the right edge of the roadway;
on the sidewalk or pedestrian path - in the following cases:
- there are no bicycle and bicycle pedestrian paths, a lane for cyclists, or there is no opportunity to move along them, as well as along the right edge of the roadway or shoulder;
- a cyclist accompanies a cyclist under the age of 14 years or transports a child under the age of 7 years on an additional seat, in a bicycle stroller or in a trailer intended for use with a bicycle.

24.3. The movement of cyclists aged 7 to 14 years should be carried out only on sidewalks, pedestrian, bicycle and pedestrian paths, as well as within pedestrian zones.

24.4. Cyclists under 7 years of age should only ride on sidewalks, pedestrian and bicycle paths (on the pedestrian side), as well as within pedestrian zones.

24.5. When cyclists move along the right edge of the roadway in the cases provided for by these Rules, cyclists must move only in one row.
A column of cyclists may move in two rows if the overall width of the bicycles does not exceed 0.75 m.
The column of cyclists must be divided into groups of 10 cyclists in the case of single-lane traffic, or into groups of 10 pairs in the case of double-lane traffic. To facilitate overtaking, the distance between groups should be 80 - 100 m.

24.6. If the movement of a cyclist on a sidewalk, pedestrian path, shoulder or within pedestrian zones endangers or interferes with the movement of other persons, the cyclist must dismount and follow the requirements provided for by these Rules for the movement of pedestrians.

24.7. Moped drivers must move along the right edge of the roadway in a single file or in the bicycle lane.
Moped drivers are allowed to move along the side of the road if this does not interfere with pedestrians.

24.8. Cyclists and moped drivers are prohibited from:
- drive a bicycle or moped without holding the handlebars with at least one hand;
- transport cargo that protrudes beyond the dimensions by more than 0.5 m in length or width, or cargo that interferes with control;
- transport passengers if this is not provided for by the design of the vehicle;
- transport children under 7 years of age in the absence of specially equipped places for them;
- turn left or turn around on roads with tram traffic and on roads that have more than one lane for traffic in a given direction (except for cases when a left turn is allowed from the right lane, and with the exception of roads located in bicycle zones);
- move on the road without a fastened motorcycle helmet (for moped drivers);
- cross the road at pedestrian crossings.

24.9. Towing of bicycles and mopeds, as well as towing with bicycles and mopeds, is prohibited, except for towing a trailer intended for use with a bicycle or moped.

24.10. When driving at night or in conditions of insufficient visibility, cyclists and moped drivers are recommended to carry items with reflective elements and ensure that these items are visible to drivers of other vehicles.

24.11. In the bicycle zone:
- cyclists have priority over motor vehicles, and can also move along the entire width of the roadway intended for traffic in a given direction, subject to the requirements of paragraphs 9.1 1 - 9.3 and 9.6 - 9.12 of these Rules;
- pedestrians are allowed to cross the roadway at any place, subject to the requirements of paragraphs 4.4 - 4.7 of these Rules.

25. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Additional requirements for the movement of horse-drawn carts, as well as for the passage of animals

25.1. Persons at least 14 years of age are allowed to drive a horse-drawn cart (sleigh), or be a driver of pack animals, riding animals or herds when driving on roads.

25.2. Horse-drawn carts (sleighs), riding and pack animals must move only in one row, as far to the right as possible. Driving on the side of the road is allowed if this does not interfere with pedestrians.
Columns of horse-drawn carts (sleighs), riding and pack animals when moving along the roadway must be divided into groups of 10 riding and pack animals and 5 carts (sleighs). To facilitate overtaking, the distance between groups should be 80 - 100 m.

25.3. The driver of a horse-drawn cart (sleigh), when entering the road from an adjacent territory or from a secondary road in places with limited visibility, must lead the animal by the bridle.

25.4. Animals should be driven along the road, usually during daylight hours. Drivers must guide animals as close to the right edge of the road as possible.

25.5. When driving animals across railway tracks, the herd must be divided into groups of such a size that, taking into account the number of drivers, safe passage of each group is ensured.

25.6. Drivers of horse-drawn carts (sleighs), drivers of pack animals, riding animals and livestock are prohibited from:
- leave animals on the road without supervision;
- drive animals through railway tracks and roads outside specially designated areas, as well as in the dark and in conditions of poor visibility (except for livestock runs at different levels);
- lead animals along roads with asphalt and cement concrete pavement if there are other paths.

2.1. The driver of a motor vehicle is obliged to:

driver's license (temporary permit and document certifying the identity of the driver with the right to drive a vehicle);
vehicle registration documents;
a document confirming the right to own or use, or dispose of this vehicle, in the case of driving the vehicle in the absence of its owner;
document confirming passing the state technical inspection;
document on compulsory civil liability insurance of the vehicle owner;
in established cases, a waybill and documents for the transported cargo.

2.1.2. When driving a vehicle equipped with seat belts, be fastened and not carry passengers who are not wearing seat belts (children under 12 years of age are not allowed to wear seat belts while learning driving when the vehicle is driven by a student, and in populated areas and residential areas, in addition, - drivers and passengers of vehicles of operational and special services and taxis). When driving a motorcycle, wear a fastened motorcycle helmet and do not carry passengers without a fastened motorcycle helmet.

2.2. The driver of a motor vehicle participating in international road traffic is obliged to:

have with you the registration documents for the vehicle and a driving license that complies with the Convention on Road Traffic [hereinafter referred to as the Basic Provisions];
have on the vehicle the registration and distinctive signs of the state in which it is registered.

2.3. The driver of the vehicle is obliged to:

2.3.2 At the request of an employee of the internal affairs bodies (police), submitted in accordance with paragraph 5.3, stop and follow his instructions.

2.3.3. At the request of an internal affairs officer, undergo an intoxication examination.

2.3.4. Do not leave the vehicle without taking measures to prevent spontaneous movement of the vehicle or its use by unauthorized persons.

2.3.5. Provide a vehicle to: medical workers traveling in the same direction to provide medical care, as well as regardless of the direction of travel, medical workers, employees of internal affairs bodies and national security bodies, combatants and freelance employees of internal affairs bodies, for transporting citizens in need of urgent medical care, to medical institutions, employees of internal affairs bodies for transportation of vehicles damaged in accidents, travel to the site of a natural disaster, as well as employees of internal affairs bodies, the state investigative committee and national security bodies, in other urgent cases provided for by law .

Notes:

The requirement to provide a vehicle does not apply to vehicles of representative offices of foreign states and international organizations enjoying diplomatic immunity.
Persons using the vehicle must, at the request of the driver, issue a certificate or make an entry on the waybill (indicating the duration of the trip, distance traveled, their name, position, service ID number, name of their organization).
Expenses associated with the provision of a vehicle to the above-mentioned employees of government organizations, at the request of the owner of the vehicle, are reimbursed by these organizations in the prescribed manner.

2.4. Persons who have the right to check the documents of the driver of a vehicle or use the vehicle are required to present an official identification card upon the driver’s request.

2.5. In the event of a traffic accident, the driver involved in it is obliged to:

immediately stop (do not move) the vehicle, turn on the hazard warning lights and display a warning triangle (flashing red light) in accordance with the requirements of paragraph 7.2. Rules: do not move objects related to the incident, take possible measures to provide pre-hospital medical care to the victims, call an ambulance, and in emergency cases, send the victims along the way, and if this is not possible, take your vehicle to the nearest medical facility institution, provide your last name, vehicle registration plate (with presentation of an identity document or driver's license and vehicle registration document) and return to the scene of the incident;
immediately report the incident to the nearest internal affairs agency, write down the names and addresses of eyewitnesses and wait for the arrival of internal affairs officers or investigative agencies;
clear the roadway if the movement of other vehicles is impossible;
if it is necessary to clear the roadway or deliver victims in their vehicle to a medical facility, first record in the presence of witnesses the position of the vehicle, traces and objects related to the incident, take all possible measures to preserve them and ensure a detour around the scene of the incident.

2.6. If there are no injuries as a result of a traffic accident, drivers, with mutual agreement in assessing the circumstances of the incident, can, after drawing up a diagram of the incident and signing it, arrive at the nearest post or department of the internal affairs bodies to register the incident.

2.7. The driver is prohibited from:

2.7.2. Operate a vehicle that is technically faulty or has not passed state technical inspection.

2.7.3. Operate a vehicle whose owner has not insured his civil liability.

2.7.4. Transfer the control of a vehicle to persons who are intoxicated, under the influence of medications that impair reaction and attention, in a sick or tired state, as well as to persons, other than those learning to drive, who do not have a driver’s license (temporary permit) to drive a vehicle, means of this category or not indicated in the route (route) sheet.

2.7.5. Cross organized (including foot) columns and take a place in them.

2.8. It is prohibited to drive a vehicle with an inoperative working brake system or steering, a faulty coupling device (as part of a train), and at night on roads without artificial lighting or in conditions of insufficient visibility - with unlit (missing) headlights and (or) rear markers lights, during rain or snow - with a faulty windshield wiper on the driver's side.

Note. The service braking system or steering system is considered inoperative if it does not allow the vehicle to stop or maneuver when driving at a minimum speed.

If other malfunctions occur along the way, with which the operation of vehicles is prohibited by the Basic Provisions and which the driver is able to detect, he must eliminate them, and if this is not possible, then he can proceed to the place of parking or repair, taking the necessary precautions.

2. General duties of drivers

2.1. The driver of a motor vehicle is obliged to:

2.1.1. Carry with you and, at the request of police officers, hand over to them for verification:

a driver's license or temporary permit to drive a vehicle of the appropriate category;

registration documents for this vehicle, and if there is a trailer, also for the trailer;

in established cases, permission to carry out activities for the transportation of passengers and luggage by passenger taxi, waybill, license card and documents for the transported cargo, and when transporting large, heavy and dangerous goods - documents provided for by the rules for the transportation of these goods;

insurance policy of compulsory civil liability insurance of the vehicle owner in cases where the obligation to insure one’s civil liability is established by federal law.

In cases expressly provided for by current legislation, have and submit for inspection to employees of the Federal Service for Supervision of Transport a license card, waybill and shipping documents.

2.1.2. When driving a vehicle equipped with seat belts, be fastened and do not carry passengers who are not wearing seat belts. When driving a motorcycle, wear a fastened motorcycle helmet and do not carry passengers without a fastened motorcycle helmet.

2.2. The driver of a motor vehicle participating in international road traffic is obliged to:

have with you registration documents for this vehicle (if there is a trailer - and for the trailer) and a driver's license that comply with the Convention on Road Traffic;

have on this vehicle (if there is a trailer - and on the trailer) registration and distinctive signs of the state in which it is registered. Distinctive signs of the state may be placed on registration plates.

A driver engaged in international road transport is required to stop at the request of employees of the Federal Service for Supervision of Transport at checkpoints specially designated by road sign 7.14 and present the vehicle for inspection, as well as permits and other documents provided for by international treaties of the Russian Federation.

2.3. The driver of the vehicle is obliged to:

2.3.1. Before leaving, check and ensure the good technical condition of the vehicle on the way in accordance with the Basic Provisions for the admission of vehicles to operation and the responsibilities of officials to ensure road safety (hereinafter referred to as the Basic Provisions).

It is prohibited to drive if there is a malfunction of the service brake system, steering, coupling device (as part of a road train), unlit (missing) headlights and tail lights in the dark or in conditions of insufficient visibility, or if the windshield wiper is not working on the driver’s side during rain or snowfall.

If other malfunctions occur along the way, for which the operation of vehicles is prohibited by the appendix to the Basic Provisions, the driver must eliminate them, and if this is not possible, then he can proceed to the place of parking or repair in compliance with the necessary precautions;

2.3.2. At the request of officials who are granted the right of state supervision and control over road safety and vehicle operation, undergo an examination for alcohol intoxication and a medical examination for intoxication. The driver of a vehicle of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, engineering, technical and road construction military formations under federal executive authorities, rescue military units of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergencies and Disaster Relief is obliged undergo an examination for alcohol intoxication and a medical examination for intoxication, also at the request of officials of the military automobile inspection.

In established cases, undergo a test of knowledge of the Rules and driving skills, as well as a medical examination to confirm the ability to drive vehicles;

2.3.3. Provide a vehicle:

employees of the police, federal state security agencies and federal security service agencies in cases provided for by law;

medical and pharmaceutical workers to transport citizens to the nearest medical facility in cases that threaten their lives.

Note. Persons using a vehicle must, at the request of the driver, issue him a certificate of the established form or make an entry in the waybill (indicating the duration of the trip, distance traveled, his last name, position, service ID number, name of his organization), and medical and pharmaceutical workers - issue a coupon of the established form.

2.4. The right to stop vehicles is given to traffic controllers, and trucks and buses engaged in international road transport at checkpoints specially designated by road sign 7.14 - also to employees of the Federal Service for Supervision of Transport.

Employees of the Federal Service for Supervision of Transport must wear uniforms and use a disk with a red signal or a reflector to stop. They can use an additional whistle to attract the attention of drivers.

Persons who have the right to stop a vehicle are required to present an official identification card upon the driver’s request.

2.5. In the event of a traffic accident, the driver involved in it is obliged to:

immediately stop (do not move) the vehicle, turn on the hazard warning lights and display a warning triangle in accordance with the requirements of paragraph 7.2 of the Rules, do not move objects related to the incident;

take measures to provide first aid to the victims, call an ambulance, and in emergency cases, send the victims on a passing one, and if this is not possible, take them in your vehicle to the nearest medical facility, provide your last name, vehicle registration plate (with presentation identification document or driver's license and vehicle registration document) and return to the scene of the incident;

clear the roadway if the movement of other vehicles is impossible. If it is necessary to clear the roadway or deliver victims in your vehicle to a medical facility, first record in the presence of witnesses the position of the vehicle, traces and objects related to the incident, and take all possible measures to preserve them and organize a detour to the scene of the incident;

report the incident to the police, write down the names and addresses of eyewitnesses and wait for the police to arrive.

2.6. If there are no injuries as a result of a traffic accident, drivers, with mutual agreement in assessing the circumstances of the incident, can, after drawing up a diagram of the incident and signing it, arrive at the nearest road patrol service (DPS) post or police department to register the incident.

2.6.1. If, as a result of a traffic accident involving two vehicles, the civil liability of the owners of which is insured in accordance with the legislation on compulsory insurance of civil liability of vehicle owners, damage is caused only to property and the circumstances of the harm in connection with damage to property as a result of the traffic accident , the nature and list of visible damage to vehicles do not cause disagreement between the participants in the road traffic accident, the registration of documents about the road traffic accident can be carried out without the participation of authorized police officers by filling out the appropriate traffic notification forms by the drivers of the vehicles involved in the road traffic accident -transport accident in accordance with the requirements established by the Rules of compulsory insurance of civil liability of vehicle owners.

2.7. The driver is prohibited from:

drive a vehicle while intoxicated (alcohol, drugs or other), under the influence of medications that impair reaction and attention, in a sick or tired state that jeopardizes traffic safety;

transfer control of a vehicle to persons who are intoxicated, under the influence of medications, in a sick or tired state, as well as to persons who do not have a driver’s license for the right to drive a vehicle of this category or, if it is confiscated in the prescribed manner, a temporary permit except for driving lessons in accordance with section 21 of the Rules;

cross organized (including foot) columns and take a place in them;

consume alcoholic beverages, narcotic, psychotropic or other intoxicating substances after a traffic accident in which he is involved, or after the vehicle was stopped at the request of a police officer, before an examination to determine the state of intoxication or before a decision on release is made from carrying out such an examination;

drive a vehicle in violation of the work and rest regime established by the authorized federal executive body, and when carrying out international road transport - by international treaties of the Russian Federation;

use while driving a telephone that is not equipped with a technical device that allows hands-free conversations.

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Rules of driver behavior on the road. Traffic Rules A set of necessary documents - this is what

Basic rules of driver behavior on the road

2. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - General responsibilities of drivers

3. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Application of special signals

4. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Responsibilities of pedestrians

5. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Responsibilities of passengers

6. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Traffic lights and traffic controller signals

7. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Use of alarm systems and warning triangles

8. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Starting movement, maneuvering

9. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Location of vehicles on the roadway

10. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Driving speed

11. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Overtaking, advancing, oncoming traffic

12. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Stopping and parking

13. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Driving through intersections

14. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Pedestrian crossings and stopping places for route vehicles

15. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Traffic across railway tracks

16. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Driving on highways

17. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Traffic in residential areas

18. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Priority of route vehicles

19. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Use of external lighting devices and sound signals

20. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Towing of motor vehicles

21. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Training driving

22. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Transportation of people

23. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Transportation of goods

24. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Additional requirements for the movement of cyclists and moped drivers

25. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Additional requirements for the movement of horse-drawn carts, as well as for the passage of animals

2. General duties of drivers

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