Put Italian verbs in the imperative mood. Imperative mood in Italian

September 28, 2016

IMPERATIVE /// IMPERATIVO

Verbs in the imperative mood are used to:
- to order, give instructions, instructions;
- express a request, wish;
- attract attention; - allow someone to do something.

In the Russian language, imperative forms of verbs are only in the 2nd person (singular and plural), for “other persons” they use subjunctive particles (come on (those), let, let, yes...), and for some verbs using the addition affix -te. In Italian, almost all verbs have imperative forms, except for the 1st person singular. But! Many forms coincide with the present indicative mood. In the table of endings, proper forms are marked in red, and those coinciding with the indicative mood are marked in green.

The modal verbs potere and dovere do not have imperative forms (volere does).

Negation for 2nd person singular: non + infinitive ((tu) non parlare).

Most irregular verbs have irregular imperative forms.

Unstressed pronouns, including for reflexive verbs, can merge with the verb (scusami, alziamoci), except for the 3rd person (singular and plural). Some "short" verbs have special forms:
dammi - give it to me;
dimmi - tell me;
fammi - do it for me.
The same principle applies when adding 2 pronouns or particles: dammelo - give me this;
dimmelo - tell me this;
fammelo - do it for me.

In some cases, in order not to seem rude, the polite form (to “You”) is replaced by the subjunctive mood in the present tense.

Forms of some irregular verbs:

Some verbs have variations in 2nd person singular forms: full and short. (See Apocope or truncation).

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You will spend 30 minutes on this lesson. To listen to the word, please click on the Audio icon . If you have any questions regarding this course, please contact me by email: Learn Italian .

Below is a list of the most commonly used words, the scope of which is: Imperative mood. The table below has 3 columns (Russian, Italian and pronunciation). Try to repeat the words after listening. This will help you improve your pronunciation and also remember the word better.

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Those who can speak more than one language are able to switch more quickly from one task to another. Also, such people show greater cognitive flexibility and adapt more easily to new circumstances.

The topic of this article is the imperative mood in Italian. In Italian, the imperative mood has the 2nd person singular and plural forms, in their form they coincide with the verbs in the Presente Indicativo (with the exception of verbs in -are in the 2nd person singular form). In order to express a request in Italian, they use the imperative form congiuntivo presente. To express a request or encouragement, congiuntivo presente is used in the 1st person plural and 3rd person singular.

Table of forms of verbs in the imperative mood in Italian

Note:

Verbs ending in -cere, -gere, -scere in Italian deviate from general rules and form their forms in the imperative mood as follows:

vincere - to win

vinci - win, win

vinca - win, win

vinciamo - let's win

vincete - win, win

vincano - win, win

spinere - to push

spingi – push, push

spinga - push, push

spingiamo - let's push

spingete - push, push

spingano - push, push

crescere – to grow

cresci - to grow

cresca - grow

cresciamo - let's grow / grow up

crescete - grow

crescano - grow

Exceptions include verbs in which the letter g appears, for example: rimanare, salire:

rimanere - to remain

salire – to rise

The verbs avere and essere (and some other verbs in Italian) are also exceptions that have special forms in the imperative mood:

аvere: abbi, abbia, abbiamo, abbiate, abbiano (to have, to receive)

essere: sii, sia, siamo, siate, siano (to be)

andare: vai/va", vada, andiamo, andate, vadano (go, go)

dare: dai/da", dia, diamo, date, diano (give)

fare: fai/fa", faccia, facciamo, fate, facciano (to go)

dire: di", dica, diciamo, dite, dicano (to speak, to say)

porre: poni, ponga, poniamo, ponete, pongano (put, put)

sapere: sappi, sappia, sappiamo, sappiate, sappiano (to know, to be able to)

venire: vieni, venga, veniamo, venite, vengano (to come, to come)

produrre: produci, produca, produciamo, producete, producano (put, put)

stare: stai/sta", stia, stiamo, state, stiano (to be, to be)

volere: vogli, voglia, vogliamo, vogliate, vogliano (to want)

Rest modal verbs have no imperative form in Italian.

venite da me - come to me

Mi aiuti, per favore! - Help me please

If we want to add a pronoun to the verb in the form of a pronoun or particle ci, vi, then we put them at the end of the verb (with 3rd person forms we attach them before the verb):

Andatevi! - Go there!

Vestiti! - Get dressed!

But:

Glielo scrivano! - Write to him about it!

If a pronoun or particle is attached to the form “you”, then they double the initial consonant:

Damello (da" + mi + lo)! - Give it to me!

Vacci (va" + ci)! - Go there!

Negative form of the imperative mood in Italian

When forming a negative form of the imperative mood in Italian, together with the pronoun “you,” we use the infinitive instead of the personal form of the verb, plus we add the particle non:

Non chiacchierare! - Do not chat!

When forming a negative form of the imperative mood in Italian, reflexive pronouns are attached to the second person singular or to the first person plural. The first person plural can be added to the front, immediately after the negative particle non, or to the verb (at the back). To other persons only from the front. Pronouns in the complement function can be attached both front and back:

Non rispondergli! = Non gli rispondere! - Don't answer him!

Non sentitelo! = Non lo sentite! - Don't listen to him!