Tram traffic lights in the form of the letter T. Traffic signals

6.1. Traffic lights use green, yellow, red and white-lunar light signals.

Depending on the purpose, traffic light signals can be round, in the form of an arrow(s), a silhouette of a pedestrian or a bicycle, or X-shaped.

Traffic lights with round signals may have one or two additional sections with signals in the form of a green arrow(s), which are located at the level of the green round signal.

Depending on their purpose, traffic lights are divided into transport and pedestrian. A transport traffic light with round signals, consisting of three sections (red, yellow, green), regulates all directions: straight, right, left and turning (in the opposite direction).

Such traffic lights with round signals (red, yellow, green) may have additional sections located at the level of the green signal. Arrows or combinations of arrows on these additional sections indicate directions other than the main green section of the traffic light (most often a left arrow in the left section, and a right arrow in the right section).

Pedestrian and bicycle traffic lights are used to regulate the movement of pedestrians and cyclists. The lenses of these traffic lights are imprinted with the silhouettes of a pedestrian and a bicycle, respectively. These traffic lights have two sections: the upper section is a red signal prohibiting traffic, the lower section is a green signal allowing movement.

X-shaped traffic lights regulate traffic on a reversible lane (a strip on the roadway in which the direction of traffic can change to the opposite direction and vice versa). The reversible lane on the roadway is indicated.

6.2. Round traffic lights have the following meanings:

• Green signal allows movement;
• Green flashing signal allows movement and informs that its validity period is expiring and a prohibitory signal will soon be turned on (digital displays can be used to inform drivers about the time in seconds remaining until the end of the green signal);
• Yellow signal prohibits movement, except for the cases provided for in paragraph 6.14 of the Rules, and warns about the upcoming change of signals;
• Yellow flashing signal allows traffic and informs about the presence of an uncontrolled intersection or pedestrian crossing, warns about danger;
• Red signal, including flashing, prohibits movement.

The combination of red and yellow signals prohibits movement and informs about the upcoming activation of the green signal.

The operating cycle of traffic lights is adjusted in such a way as to exclude the intersection of traffic and pedestrian flows in the same phase. This means that if the permissive signal is on for one direction, then the prohibiting signal will be on in the direction being crossed.

Red and yellow traffic lights prohibit movement, green signals allow movement.

A green traffic light without an additional section allows traffic in all directions unless additional restrictions are introduced by signs and (or) markings. For example, when a traffic light is installed in front of an intersection, a prohibitory sign or, for example, one of the mandatory signs may be installed nearby, which allow movement only in the direction indicated by the arrow on the sign.

A yellow traffic light warns of a change of signals and prohibits movement, except for the cases specified in paragraph 6.14 of the traffic rules (more on this below).

At night, three-color traffic lights are often turned off and switched to flashing yellow mode. In this case, the section of the road that is regulated by a traffic light is considered unregulated. If a traffic light regulates traffic at an intersection and operates in the yellow flashing signal mode, then the intersection is considered unregulated, and drivers must be guided by the requirements established at the intersection.

A red signal, including a flashing one, or a combination of red and yellow signals prohibit movement. The combination of red and yellow lights informs drivers that the green light will soon turn on. A red flashing signal is usually used in traffic lights installed in front of a railway crossing.

6.3. Traffic light signals, made in the form of red, yellow and green arrows, have the same meaning as round signals of the corresponding color, but their effect extends only to the direction(s) indicated by the arrows. In this case, the arrow allowing a left turn also allows a U-turn, unless this is prohibited by the corresponding road sign.

The green arrow in the additional section has the same meaning. A switched off signal of an additional section or a switched on red light signal of its outline means that movement in the direction regulated by this section is prohibited.

Here we consider two types of transport traffic lights: directional traffic lights and traffic lights with an additional section.

Directional traffic lights have arrows on all three lenses of the main signals. These traffic lights are used to regulate traffic in the lanes above which they are located. Directional traffic light signals are similar to those of a regular traffic light, only they act on a specific lane or group of lanes in the same direction.

Following signals in the additional section of the traffic light, you can move in the direction of the arrow only if it is turned on. It is important to follow the rule: if the green arrow in the additional section is turned on simultaneously with the red signal of the main section of the traffic light, then when moving in the direction of the green arrow, you must give way to vehicles coming from other directions. This rule is reflected in.

Permitted directions of movement at different traffic lights with one additional section

Permitted directions of movement at different traffic lights with two additional sections

6.4. If a black contour arrow(s) is applied to the main green traffic light signal, it informs drivers about the presence of an additional section of the traffic light and indicates other permitted directions of movement than the additional section signal.

During the day, the additional section at the traffic light is clearly visible, but at night its body may blend into the surrounding dark background, and until the signal (arrow) in the additional section lights up, road users may not see that the traffic light is equipped with an additional section. But the section at the traffic light was not installed by chance - it regulates one of the directions of movement.

For these purposes, a black contour arrow(s) is applied to the lens of the main green signal, so that in the dark, drivers can understand that the traffic light has an additional section.

6.5. If a traffic light signal is made in the form of a silhouette of a pedestrian and (or) a bicycle, then its effect applies only to pedestrians (cyclists). In this case, the green signal allows, and the red signal prohibits, the movement of pedestrians (cyclists).

To regulate the movement of cyclists, a traffic light with round signals of reduced size, complemented by a white rectangular plate measuring 200 x 200 mm with a black bicycle image, can also be used.

Pedestrian and bicycle traffic lights each have two sections; the lenses usually depict the silhouettes of a man and a bicycle, respectively. The upper section with a red signal prohibits movement, the lower section with a green signal allows movement.

In some cases, for example, when bicycle traffic is carried out on a designated bicycle path, small three-section traffic lights (red, yellow, green) together with a white 200x200 mm plate on which a bicycle is depicted in black can be used to regulate it.

6.6. To inform blind pedestrians about the possibility of crossing the roadway, traffic light signals can be supplemented with an audible signal.

When a sound signal is heard in the area where a traffic light is located (a similar phenomenon can be found at controlled pedestrian crossings, more often outside an intersection), blind pedestrians may often appear in such a place, and this sound signal is intended for them.

But the reality is that the markings may not be visible on the roadway (erased, under snow, etc.), the 6.16 sign may be missing. Immediately behind the traffic light there may be a pedestrian crossing zone across the roadway, bordering directly on the roadway being intersected.

If you stop at a pedestrian crossing, you will interfere with pedestrians; if you stop behind a pedestrian crossing, you can interfere with cars passing along the road you are crossing.

Therefore, taking into account the realities of the road situation, when there is no “Stop Line” sign or marking, the best option for stopping at a prohibitory signal before an intersection is the traffic light line. Ideally, you need to get close to the line on which the traffic light is located so that its signals are visible.

6.14. Drivers who, when the yellow signal turns on or the traffic controller raises his hand up, cannot stop without resorting to emergency braking in the places determined by paragraph 6.13 of the Rules, are allowed to continue driving.

Pedestrians who were on the roadway when the signal was given must clear it, and if this is not possible, stop on the line dividing traffic flows in opposite directions.

If at the approach to a traffic light the green signal changes to yellow, and the speed of your car does not allow you to stop without applying emergency braking, then paragraph 6.14 of the traffic rules in this case allows you to continue driving. Many drivers use this rule not for its intended purpose, but in order to “have time to pass” for the reason that “they don’t want to wait.”

As practice shows, it may happen that on the road being crossed some “in a hurry” will not want to wait for his permission signal and will start on his yellow light. How such situations usually end can be read in. There are also videos on this topic.

It’s more difficult for pedestrians; not everyone can cross the road quickly, especially if the roadway is very wide. Therefore, those of them who did not manage to cross the roadway before the red signal for pedestrians turned on, the Rules allow them to stop on the line dividing oncoming traffic flows.

6.15. Drivers and pedestrians must comply with the signals and orders of the traffic controller, even if they contradict traffic light signals, road signs or markings.

If the meanings of traffic light signals contradict the requirements of priority road signs, drivers must be guided by the traffic light signals.

Priority signs installed together with a traffic light are only valid when the traffic lights are not working (turned off) or when they have a yellow flashing signal.

Traffic lights operating in the (red - yellow - green) mode cancel the priority signs. In such situations, drivers should behave as if there are no priority signs, i.e. obey traffic light signals only.

If a traffic controller controls traffic, then his actions have the highest priority. His instructions on the driving order for drivers are mandatory in any case, even if they contradict traffic lights, signs and road markings.

The traffic controller in the process of controlling traffic on a section of the road is the main one, and the traffic controller does not necessarily have to be a police officer. According to the definition, may include employees of road maintenance services, those on duty at railway crossings and ferry crossings in the performance of their official duties .

6.16. At railway crossings, simultaneously with the red flashing traffic light, an audible signal may be sounded, additionally informing traffic participants that movement through the crossing is prohibited.

At a railway crossing, when the red flashing traffic light turns on, a bell usually sounds. It turns on simultaneously with the traffic light shortly before the barrier closes, thereby additionally attracting the attention of those approaching that the crossing over the railway tracks is closed.

Traffic lights come in various configurations. Each individual case has its own rules for orientation according to the instructions of the device.

Three-section

The standard configuration of a three-section device assumes the presence of three colors:

• green- passage is allowed. In a flashing state, it warns that the signal will switch soon;
• yellow. In a stable burning condition, passage is prohibited. Passage is permitted if the driver crosses the road lane and does not have time to stop the car before the marking. When yellow is flashing, movement is allowed. It also indicates a malfunction of the device;
• red– passage is prohibited when the signal is constantly lit or flashing.

The segments are arranged in order from bottom to top or left to right. Three-section devices are most often installed at intersections, as they are capable of regulating the movement of vehicles in all directions. Their placement is possible at controlled crossings that are located between intersections.

Also, traffic lights of this type are installed at railway crossings, at the intersection of a road with a bicycle path or tram tracks.

Two-piece

Devices with two sections regulate the passage of vehicles in places where the roadway narrows, as well as in the territories of enterprises. With their help, you can organize a single-lane reverse traffic flow. There are only two signals available: red and green. Their meaning is the same as in a three-section device.

With additional section

There is a traffic light configuration with additional sections equipped with arrows or their outlines. With their help, traffic flow is regulated in a specific direction. When a specific arrow segment is activated, travel in a given direction is either allowed or prohibited. For example, a green arrow allows passage, but it does not provide an advantage when driving.

Single section

A device with one section is installed at pedestrian crossings and uncontrolled intersections or in the territories of closed enterprises. They are used as an addition to traffic lights. Single-section devices effectively distribute traffic flows. Often their segments include a countdown board.

The green arrow informs you that it is possible to turn in the indicated direction. Using the device allows you to increase the throughput of intersections and reduce the risk of accidents.

Reversible

Reversible traffic lights are used on roads where traffic can flow in one direction or the other. The direction is determined based on the degree of congestion of the roadway.

The following signals apply here:

• a red cross shaped like the letter "X". The signal prohibits passage in a certain lane;
• yellow arrow. She points to the right. The signal requires the driver to change lanes to the lane on the right side;
• green arrow. It allows travel in a specific lane.

In Russia, roads with reversible traffic are not widely used. Therefore, few drivers are familiar with the peculiarities of moving on such roads.

To regulate traffic through a pedestrian crossing

Traffic lights that regulate a pedestrian crossing usually contain only two sections. They depict a person in a standing or walking position. If the red figure is on, then movement on the crossing is prohibited for people. You are only allowed to cross the road when the light is green.

Regulating devices are often equipped with a timer that reflects the waiting time. It also counts the time allotted for pedestrians to cross the roadway.

Some traffic lights are equipped with a special device for the deaf. When passage through the passage is allowed, a special sound signal is emitted from the speakers.

For trams

A four-cell white traffic light is used to regulate the movement of trams. It is made in the shape of the letter "T". This type of transport can only move when the lower signal is on. The upper sections indicate different directions of travel.

Often the railway instrument is equipped with a white lamp. It regulates the movement of vehicles through the crossing. When the white light is flashing, crossing the railway line is permitted. Movement is also permitted when the white lamp is steadily lit.

The main task of a traffic light is to regulate the movement of vehicles on the roadway. Violating the instructions of the electronic traffic controller increases the risk of an accident.

Therefore, there are penalties for ignoring the device signals:

• for driving through a red signal – at least 1 thousand rubles. If the violation is repeated, the fine increases and is at least 5 thousand rubles. Possible deprivation of driving privileges for a period of 4–6 months;
• for driving on a yellow light – at least 1 thousand rubles. In case of repeated violation, the fine will be 5 thousand rubles. The driver may also be deprived of his license for a period of 4 to 6 months;
• Failure to comply with the stop line before the intersection results in a fine of at least 800 rubles. (read more about);
• entering a lane with reverse traffic when the control device is turned off - a fine of at least 5 thousand rubles. Such movement is regarded as driving into the oncoming lane;
• If you fail to change lanes on a road with reverse traffic, the fine will be at least 500 rubles.

A traffic light regulates the movement of vehicles on the road, creating comfortable and safe conditions for all its participants. The size of the fine for ignoring his signal depends on the severity of the offense, as well as the consequences for road users.

At first glance, traffic light signals are all very simple and we have all known them since childhood. Red - stop, yellow - get ready, green - go. This is a very simple rule. In this article we will look at this rule deeper within the framework.

6.1. Traffic lights use green, yellow, red and white-lunar light signals.

Depending on the purpose, traffic light signals can be round, in the form of an arrow(s), a silhouette of a pedestrian or a bicycle, or X-shaped.

Traffic lights with round signals may have one or two additional sections with signals in the form of a green arrow(s), which are located at the level of the green round signal.

We will not consider white-lunar traffic lights, in the form of a silhouette of a pedestrian or a bicycle, and X-shaped ones in this article.

6.2. Round traffic lights have the following meanings:

• A green signal allows movement;
• A green flashing signal allows movement and informs that its time is expiring and a prohibitory signal will soon be turned on (digital displays can be used to inform drivers about the time in seconds remaining until the end of the green signal);
• The yellow signal prohibits movement, except in cases provided for in paragraph 6.14 of the Rules, and warns of an upcoming change of signals;
• A yellow flashing signal allows movement and informs about the presence of an unregulated intersection or pedestrian crossing, warns of danger;
• A red signal, including a flashing one, prohibits movement.

The combination of red and yellow signals prohibits movement and informs about the upcoming activation of the green signal.

This paragraph of the traffic rules describes round traffic lights. The most common traffic light, which is most often found on the roads.

6.3. Traffic light signals, made in the form of red, yellow and green arrows, have the same meaning as round signals of the corresponding color, but their effect extends only to the direction(s) indicated by the arrows. In this case, the arrow allowing a left turn also allows a U-turn, unless this is prohibited by the corresponding road sign.

The green arrow in the additional section has the same meaning. A switched off signal of an additional section means that movement in the direction regulated by this section is prohibited.

The first thing you should pay attention to is that the signals are made in the form of arrows, i.e. the arrow is a signal. The signal is not round. Traffic light signals with a contour arrow do not fit this definition, and clause 6.3 of the traffic rules is not applicable to them.

The second important point is that traffic light signals made in the form of arrows regulate only indicated directions. For example, if the red arrow to the right is on, then movement is prohibited only to the right; moving straight, turning left and turning around are not regulated by this signal.

The same applies to the green arrow signal, but only if the arrow is in the main section of the traffic light. Determining, for example, in the dark, whether this is the main section of a traffic light or an additional one is very simple - if the section is additional, then some signal in the main section of the traffic light must be on; if there are no other signals besides the arrow, then this means that the arrow is in the main sections.

6.4. If a black contour arrow(s) is applied to the main green traffic light signal, it informs drivers about the presence of an additional section of the traffic light and indicates other permitted directions of movement than the additional section signal.

This paragraph describes the purpose of the contour arrow of a traffic light signal. We see that a contour arrow can only be placed in the main section, and only on a green traffic light signal, and unlike a signal in the form of an arrow, a contour arrow allows movement only in the indicated directions. Traffic in other directions is prohibited.

We could finish our material here, if not for one very common situation in practice. We often come across a traffic light with the following signal:

In front of us is a traffic light with an additional section and a round signal. It would seem that according to paragraph 6.3, moving in the direction regulated by this section is prohibited.

But let's figure it out:

• According to clause 6.2, a round green signal allows movement in all directions, clause 6.3 regulates traffic light signals made in the form of arrows, in this case clause 6.3 is not applicable.
• The additional section may not be visible at night, and traffic light signals may not have different meanings depending on the time of day.
• The direction regulated by the additional section is unknown to us, we only know that it is “different” from the signal in the main section, and in the main section we have a green signal that allows movement in all directions,
• The additional section may not contain a traffic light signal at all, but can be used, for example, for a timer.

Thus, with a given traffic light signal, according to clause 6.2, movement is allowed in all directions, unless otherwise prohibited by signs or markings.

Let's summarize:

• The round traffic light signal extends to all directions,
• The traffic light signal, made in the form of an arrow in the main section, applies only to the indicated direction and does not regulate traffic in other directions,
• The traffic light signal, made in the form of an arrow in the additional section, applies only to the indicated direction and prohibits movement in other directions,
• A round traffic light signal with a contour arrow on it applies only to the indicated direction and prohibits movement in other directions.

And this is how the TV show “Main Road” on NTV sees the situation.

Dear you without obstacles!

6.8. To regulate the movement of trams, as well as other route vehicles moving along the lane allocated for them, single-color traffic lights with four round white-moon-colored signals located in the shape of the letter “T” can be used. Movement is permitted only when the lower signal and one or more upper ones are turned on simultaneously, of which the left one allows movement to the left, the middle one allows movement straight, and the right one allows movement to the right. If only the top three signals are on, then movement is prohibited.

Comments to clause 6.8

To regulate the movement of trams, as well as other route vehicles (buses, trolleybuses, minibuses) moving along the lane allocated for them, single-color traffic lights with four round white-moon-colored signals located in the shape of the letter “T” can be used. Other vehicles are required to follow the signals of regular traffic lights.

Driving in places where traffic lights with white-lunar signals are installed is permitted only when the lower signal and one or more upper ones are turned on simultaneously, of which:

left allows movement to the left;
medium - straight movement;
right - movement to the right.
If only the top three signals are on, then movement is prohibited.

When traveling simultaneously with trackless vehicles, the tram always has priority. That's why:

if the traffic light in question allows the movement of a tram and a fixed-route trackless vehicle at the same time, then the driver of the latter gives way to the tram;
If the combination of T-shaped traffic light signals for the tram, allowing it to move in the required direction, is not yet turned on, then the trackless vehicle can pass first.
Note: a special traffic light with four round white-moon colored signals is included in the general control scheme of all traffic lights at a given intersection, and the driver of a route vehicle can navigate by its signals, being confident that passage to the permitting signal is safe (there is no “conflict” with other vehicles).

If the lower section of the white-lunar traffic light is turned on, then the permitted directions of movement for route vehicles are calculated very easily. An arrow mentally formed between the LOWER and the turned on UPPER sections indicates the specific permitted direction. If the lower section is turned off, none of the arrows are turned on, and therefore movement is prohibited in all directions.

Penalty to clause 6.8

According to Part 1 of Article 12.12 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, a fine of 1,000 rubles is imposed for driving through a prohibitory traffic light signal.

Problem for paragraph 6.8

Is a car driver required to give way to a tram before continuing straight ahead?

1 – not required
2 – obliged

Solution:: The movement of trams in this case is regulated by a separate traffic light of one-color signaling with four round signals of white and moon color, located in the shape of the letter T. A tram is allowed to turn right only when the lower and upper right signals are turned on simultaneously (clause 6.8 of the Rules).

6.1. Traffic lights use green, yellow, red and white-lunar light signals.

Depending on the purpose, traffic light signals can be round, in the form of an arrow(s), a silhouette of a pedestrian or a bicycle, or X-shaped.

Traffic lights with round signals may have one or two additional sections with signals in the form of a green arrow(s), which are located at the level of the green round signal.

6.2. Round traffic lights have the following meanings:

• Green signal allows movement;
• Green flashing signal allows movement and informs that its validity period is expiring and a prohibitory signal will soon be turned on (digital displays can be used to inform drivers about the time in seconds remaining until the end of the green signal);
• Yellow signal prohibits movement, except for the cases provided for in paragraph 6.14 of the Rules, and warns about the upcoming change of signals;
• Yellow flashing signal allows traffic and informs about the presence of an uncontrolled intersection or pedestrian crossing, warns about danger;
• Red signal, including flashing, prohibits movement.

The combination of red and yellow signals prohibits movement and informs about the upcoming activation of the green signal.

Conventional three-color traffic lights are often switched off at night and switched to flashing yellow mode. In this case, the intersection is considered unregulated and drivers must follow the rules for driving through uncontrolled intersections and the requirements of the priority signs installed at the intersection.

6.3.

The green arrow in has the same meaning. A switched off signal of an additional section means that movement in the direction regulated by this section is prohibited.

Here we consider two types of traffic lights.

• Traffic lights for directions. They have arrows on all three main signal lenses. These traffic lights are used to regulate traffic in the lanes above which they are located. Directional traffic light signals are similar to those of a regular traffic light, only they act on a specific lane.
• Traffic lights with an additional section. You can move in the direction of the arrow in such a section if it is turned on. It is important to follow the rule: if the green arrow in the additional section is turned on simultaneously with the red signal of the main section of the traffic light, then when moving in the direction of the green arrow, you must give way to vehicles coming from other directions.

Permitted directions of movement at different traffic lights with one additional section.

Permitted directions of movement at different traffic lights with two additional sections.

6.4.

A black contour arrow(s) is applied to the lens of the main green signal so that drivers at night can understand that the traffic light is equipped with an additional section (it is visible during daylight hours).

6.5.

To regulate the movement of cyclists, a traffic light with round signals of reduced size, complemented by a white rectangular plate measuring 200 x 200 mm with a black bicycle image, can also be used.

6.6.

6.7. To regulate the movement of vehicles along lanes of the roadway, in particular along those in which the direction of movement can change to the opposite, reversible traffic lights with a red X-shaped signal and a green signal in the form of an arrow pointing downwards are used. These signals respectively prohibit or allow movement in the lane above which they are located.

The main signals of a reversible traffic light can be supplemented by a yellow signal in the form of an arrow, tilted diagonally down to the right or left, the inclusion of which informs about the upcoming change of signal and the need to change lanes to which the arrow points.

When the signals of the reversing traffic light, which is located above the lane marked on both sides by markings 1.9, are turned off, entry into this lane is prohibited.

A lane or several lanes may be allocated on the road, the direction of movement along which, depending on the situation, is reversed using reversible traffic lights. The lanes over which such traffic lights are hung are called reversible and are marked on the roadway with a double broken line marking 1.9. Reversible traffic lights only affect the lanes above which they are located.

6.8. To regulate the movement of trams, as well as other route vehicles moving along the lane allocated for them, single-color traffic lights with four round white-moon colored signals located in the shape of the letter “T” can be used. Movement is permitted only when the lower signal and one or more upper ones are turned on simultaneously, of which the left one allows movement to the left, the middle one allows movement straight, and the right one allows movement to the right. If only the top three signals are on, then movement is prohibited.

Permitted directions of movement of trams at different traffic lights with single-color signaling.

The signals of such traffic lights regulate the movement of trams and other route vehicles. Trams, while simultaneously having the right to travel with trackless vehicles, have priority (clauses 13.6 and 13.11 of the traffic rules). Therefore, if such a traffic light allows the movement of a tram and a trackless vehicle at the same time, the driver of the latter gives way to the tram.

6.9. A round white-lunar flashing signal located at a railroad crossing allows vehicles to move through the crossing. When the flashing white-lunar and red signals are turned off, movement is permitted if there is no train (locomotive, handcar) approaching the crossing within sight.

6.10. The traffic controller signals have the following meanings:

Arms extended to the sides or lowered:

• from the left and right sides, the tram is allowed to move straight, trackless vehicles straight and to the right, pedestrians are allowed to cross the roadway;
• from the chest and back, the movement of all vehicles and pedestrians is prohibited.

Right arm extended forward:

• from the left side, trams are allowed to move to the left, and trackless vehicles in all directions;
• from the chest side, all vehicles are allowed to move only to the right;
• from the right side and back, the movement of all vehicles is prohibited;
• Pedestrians are allowed to cross the road behind the traffic controller.

Hand raised up:

• the movement of all vehicles and pedestrians is prohibited in all directions, except as provided for in paragraph 6.14 of the Rules.

The traffic controller can give hand gestures and other signals that are understandable to drivers and pedestrians.
For better visibility of signals, the traffic controller can use a rod or disk with a red signal (retroreflector).

Permitted directions of movement at various traffic controller signals.

When following the instructions of the traffic controller, take into account the “row rule” (clause 8.5 of the traffic rules), i.e. To turn or turn around at an intersection, you must take the appropriate extreme position on the roadway in advance. The lane rule can be canceled by signs 5.15.1 or 5.15.2 or markings 1.18 indicating the direction of movement along the lanes.

6.11. A request to stop a vehicle is made using a loudspeaker device or a hand gesture directed at the vehicle. The driver must stop at the place indicated to him.

6.12. An additional whistle signal is given to attract the attention of traffic participants.

6.13. When there is a prohibitory signal from a traffic light (except a reversing one) or from a traffic controller, drivers must stop in front of the stop line (sign 6.16), and in its absence:

• at an intersection - in front of the roadway being crossed (taking into account clause 13.7 of the Rules), without interfering with pedestrians;
• before a railway crossing - in accordance with clause 15.4 of the Rules;
• in other places - in front of a traffic light or traffic controller, without interfering with vehicles and pedestrians whose movement is permitted.

6.14. Drivers who, when the yellow signal turns on or the traffic controller raises his hand up, cannot stop without resorting to emergency braking in the places determined by paragraph 6.13 of the Rules, are allowed to continue driving.

Pedestrians who were on the roadway when the signal was given must clear it, and if this is not possible, stop on the line dividing traffic flows in opposite directions.

6.15. Drivers and pedestrians must comply with the signals and orders of the traffic controller, even if they contradict traffic light signals, road signs or markings.

If the meanings of traffic light signals contradict the requirements of priority road signs, drivers must be guided by the traffic light signals.

When controlling traffic, the traffic controller has the highest priority. All his instructions on the driving order are mandatory for drivers, even if they contradict the means of organizing and regulating traffic (signs, markings, traffic lights).

Traffic lights operating in the (red - yellow - green) mode cancel the priority signs. In such situations, drivers should behave as if there are no priority signs, i.e. obey only traffic lights.

Priority signs installed together with a traffic light are only valid when the traffic lights are not working (turned off) or when they have a yellow flashing signal on.

6.16. At railway crossings, simultaneously with the red flashing traffic light, an audible signal may be sounded, additionally informing traffic participants that movement through the crossing is prohibited.

Usually, when a red flashing traffic light turns on at a railway crossing, a bell sounds. It turns on simultaneously with the traffic light approximately 20s before the barrier closes.

One of the main means of traffic control is traffic lights. Cars crossing are required to drive solely according to the instructions of these optical devices. This orderliness of traffic minimizes the possibility of accidents.

Traffic light signals are a means of In exceptional cases, namely, when the device operates in emergency mode, the traffic controller is responsible for coordinating the movement of vehicles.

Traffic signals

For the first time, a traffic light (semaphore) was installed in London and was switched manually. Time, as they say, does not stand still. Everything is updated and developed, including traffic lights. Today we are more accustomed to seeing it as a device installed on the road. Traffic lights - red, yellow and green - are familiar to everyone.

The most common is the street traffic light (photo above); Not only drivers, but also pedestrians are guided by its signals. However, in addition to such means of organizing traffic, there are other types used on rivers and so on.

Kinds

Traffic lights are divided into the following types:

• Street.

Automotive (round);

Switches;

With flashing red signal;

Installed at railway crossings;

Reversible;

Suitable for pedestrians, cyclists, route vehicles;

Trams.

• Railway.
• River.
• For motorsport.

Traffic lights for street transport - round

Each of us was taught as a child to navigate by signals. Their most common source is a three-color round traffic light that decorates a controlled intersection and regulates the movement of vehicles and pedestrians.

What signals does a traffic light give to road users?

• Red. Prohibits starting to drive through an intersection. A flashing signal of a given color has the same meaning.
• Flashing yellow - movement is allowed. However, it warns of danger at the intersection. It can also inform traffic participants that the traffic light is not working. If there is a traffic controller at the intersection, then the passage is carried out according to his instructions.
• Yellow. The traffic light informs that traffic is prohibited and informs about the imminent change of color.
• Green. Allows you to move.
• Green flashing. Does not prohibit movement. Informs that the prohibiting device will soon turn on.

At some traffic lights, digital displays are installed for more accurate information.

The simultaneous lighting of two colors (red and yellow) tells car drivers, pedestrians and other road users that travel/passage is prohibited, as well as that the green light will soon turn on.

Traffic lights with additional sections and arrows

These devices are installed at busier intersections. Traffic light signals look like arrows in the colors we are familiar with: red, yellow or green, and have the same meaning as round ones. The difference is in the direction indicated. It is worth noting that the arrow allowing you to turn left also allows you to make a U-turn (except for cases where the latter is prohibited by an additionally installed road sign).

A round traffic light with arrows on the lenses is located above each lane. It makes it easier for the driver to navigate the roadway, showing where he can go after the permitting signal comes on. And they are similar to the values ​​of a regular round one.

A traffic light with additional sections has another cell with an arrow indicating the direction. That is, movement in a certain direction is allowed only when this signal is green. There is also another situation: the additional section and the red prohibiting signal are lit at the same time in green. This means that it is allowed to start moving in the direction of the arrow only after vehicles passing through the intersection from other directions have passed.

With an additional section, the traffic light (photo) can be seen below.

For better orientation and to avoid erroneous turns, a black contour arrow is displayed on the main green lens. Even in the dark, when a switched-off additional section at a traffic light can simply not be noticed, vehicle drivers will be aware of its presence.

Traffic rules: reversible traffic lights

On some sections of the highway there are huge traffic jams at certain times. To speed up traffic and avoid creating hours-long traffic jams, lanes with reversible traffic are being introduced on the roads, that is, changing direction depending on the traffic light signal. Each lane has its own, according to traffic regulations.

The traffic light has three sections. The first one has a red "X". The second section has a yellow arrow, the third has a green arrow. Accordingly, a red signal prohibits movement, a green one allows it, and a yellow one warns. In the second section, the direction of the arrow can change to the right or left and indicate where to change lanes after the permit signal lights up. When the reverse traffic light is turned off, driving in the lanes is prohibited.

Traffic lights for pedestrians and cyclists

This means of organizing traffic has only two colors - red and green. The lens depicts the silhouette of a pedestrian or cyclist. Green allows movement, red prohibits.

To organize the passage of cyclists, a traffic light with round signals is sometimes used, under which an information sign is installed. It has a white background on which a bicycle is depicted in black.

To attract attention, as well as for blind pedestrians, traffic lights are equipped with an audible signal. It is sent when the green light turns on, allowing you to cross the roadway.

Technical means for regulating the movement of trams

For motor vehicles, which are allocated a separate lane, a special traffic light may be installed. It has four round lenses of the same color - moon white. These signals are arranged in the shape of the letter “T”.

It’s quite easy to navigate this traffic light. In it, three lenses are arranged in a row, and the fourth is centered at the bottom. The movement of trams is permitted when two signals light up simultaneously. So, to drive straight, the bottom lens and the center lens in the top row must be turned on. The combination of two signals informs the driver that movement is expressly permitted. With the bottom lens on and the top right/left on, the tram can be turned in the appropriate direction. Travel is prohibited in all directions when the top three lights are on at the traffic light. This combination is a kind of requirement for the tram to stop.

Drivers of route vehicles assigned a specific lane are required to use this traffic light. In our country these are most often trams. However, other road users should take into account traffic lights with white-moon lenses. Indeed, when different traffic lights signal at the same time, rail vehicles have priority.

Round white-lunar flashing traffic lights are also installed in front of railway crossings. The included lenses allow you to drive across tracks. In comparison with the round traffic light we are used to, this signal is similar to a green one, which allows movement.

If the lens does not blink white and lunar, but, on the contrary, lights up red, then crossing railway tracks is allowed if there is no rail transport in the visibility zone. In this situation, there is no need to rush. It is better to slowly assess the situation at the crossing. Remember that many railways have

Fines

The most common driver mistake is driving through a prohibiting traffic light. For the first time for violation, your wallet will lose one thousand rubles.

If you ran a red light a second time, the payment will be significantly higher: five thousand rubles to the state treasury or deprivation of your driver’s license for up to six months.

It is worth noting that a fine is issued not only for driving through a red light, but also through a yellow light, as well as a combination of both.

Memo to novice drivers

Carefully assess the situation on the road. It is better to slow down a little than to rush and become the initiator of a traffic accident.

Try not to lose sight of a single sign or marking. After all, an initially incorrectly occupied position on the roadway will not allow you to complete the planned maneuver.

Undoubtedly, every road user (whether a driver or a pedestrian) is obliged to know the traffic rules and move in accordance with them.

6.2. Round traffic lights have the following meanings:

- Green signal allows movement;

When the traffic lights are green, traffic is allowed in any direction unless additional restrictions are imposed by signs and markings (Fig. 42). When driving on a road that has more than one lane in one direction, it is necessary to take into account the so-called “row rule” (clause 8.5 of the Rules).

A green flashing signal allows movement and informs that its duration is expiring and a prohibitory signal will soon be turned on (digital displays can be used to inform drivers about the time in seconds remaining until the end of the green signal); (Fig. 43)

A green flashing signal, like a green continuously burning signal, allows movement. Etc. When deciding whether to stop or continue driving, you should take into account that it usually takes 3-4 seconds before the yellow signal starts flashing, as well as the distance that your vehicle covers in 1 second. To estimate this distance approximately, divide your current speed (km/h) by ten and multiply by three.

If you are not sure that you can enter the intersection when the signal permits, then slow down and stop.

The yellow signal prohibits movement, except in cases provided for in paragraph 6.14 of the Rules, and warns of an upcoming change of signals; (Fig. 44)

A yellow signal turned on after a red one always prohibits movement. If the signal is yellow, the signal is turned on after the green one, then in exceptional cases, when to stop moving it is necessary to resort to emergency braking, the Rules (clause 6.14) allow you to continue driving.

A yellow flashing signal allows movement and informs about the presence of an unregulated intersection or pedestrian crossing, warns of danger; (Fig. 45)

- A red signal, including a flashing one, prohibits movement (Article 12.12 of the Administrative Code) (Fig. 46)

The combination of red and yellow signals prohibits movement and informs about the upcoming activation of the green signal. (Fig. 47)

6.3. Traffic light signals, made in the form of red, yellow and green arrows, have the same meaning as round signals of the corresponding color, but their effect extends only to the direction(s) indicated by the arrows. In this case, the arrow allowing a left turn also allows a U-turn, unless this is prohibited by the corresponding road sign.

The green arrow in the additional section has the same meaning. A switched off signal of an additional section means that movement in the direction regulated by this section is prohibited.

This paragraph of the Rules deals with two types of traffic lights.

First- directional traffic lights. They have arrows on all three lenses of the main signals (Fig. 48). Directional traffic lights regulate traffic in each lane over which they are located, making it easier for drivers to navigate. Their signals are similar to those of a regular traffic light.

Second type of traffic lights- these are traffic lights with additional sections (Fig. 49). Movement in the direction of the arrow included in the additional section is allowed only when it is turned on. However, if the green arrow in the additional section is turned on simultaneously with the red signal of the main section of the traffic light, then you should give way to vehicles moving from other directions (clause 13.5 of the Rules).

6.4. If a black contour arrow(s) is applied to the main green traffic light signal, it informs drivers about the presence of an additional section of the traffic light and indicates other permitted directions of movement than the additional section signal.

This black contour arrow is used to prevent an erroneous turn or U-turn at night, when the switched-off additional section may not be visible to the driver.

6.5. If a traffic light signal is made in the form of a silhouette of a pedestrian (bicycle), then its effect applies only to pedestrians (cyclists). In this case, the green signal allows, and the red signal prohibits, the movement of pedestrians (cyclists).

To regulate the movement of cyclists, a traffic light with round signals of reduced size can also be used, supplemented by a rectangular white plate measuring 200 x 200 mm with a picture of a black bicycle.

6.6. To inform blind pedestrians about the possibility of crossing the roadway, traffic light signals can be supplemented with an audible signal.

6.7. To regulate the movement of vehicles along lanes of the roadway, in particular along those in which the direction of movement can change to the opposite, reversible traffic lights with a red X-shaped reversible signal and a green signal in the form of an arrow pointing downwards are used. These signals respectively prohibit or allow movement in the lane above which they are located.

“Reverse” translated from Latin means reverse. To increase road capacity, a lane or several lanes may be allocated on the roadway, the direction of movement along which changes depending on the intensity of traffic flow. Such lanes are called reversible; they are marked with a double broken line marking 1.9 and a reversible traffic light is installed above each of them.

Driving is prohibited only in the lane above which there is a reversible traffic light with a red X-shaped signal on (Fig. 50).

The main signals of a reversible traffic light can be supplemented by a yellow signal in the form of an arrow inclined diagonally down to the right or left, the activation of which informs about the upcoming change of signal and the need to change lanes to which the arrow points. (Fig. 51)

The use of this signal allows you to speed up the release of the reversible lane and reduces the time required to change the direction of traffic.

When the signals of the reversing traffic light, which is located above the lane marked on both sides by markings 1.9, are turned off, entry into this lane is prohibited. (Fig. 52)

6.8. To regulate the movement of trams, as well as other route vehicles moving along the lane allocated for them, single-color traffic lights with four round white-moon colored signals located in the shape of the letter “T” can be used. Movement is permitted only when the lower signal and one or more upper ones are turned on simultaneously, of which the left one allows movement to the left, the middle one allows movement straight (Fig. 53), the right one allows movement to the right (Fig. 54 and 55). If only the top three signals are on, then movement is prohibited.

The signals of this traffic light are addressed only to drivers of trams, as well as other route vehicles moving in a lane specially allocated for them. However, other drivers also need to take these signals into account, since trams have priority when simultaneously driving with trackless vehicles (clauses 13.6 and 13.11 of the Rules). That is, if such a traffic light allows the tram to move in the required direction in the same situation as a trackless vehicle, then the driver of a trackless vehicle is obliged to give way, and if it prohibits it (Fig. 56), then the trackless vehicle has priority in traffic.

6.9. A round white-lunar flashing signal located at a railroad crossing allows vehicles to move through the crossing.

The white, slowly flashing signal of a traffic light installed in front of a railway crossing is equal in value to the green signal of an ordinary traffic light (Fig. 57).

When the flashing white-lunar and red signals are turned off, movement is permitted if there is no train (locomotive, handcar) approaching the crossing within sight.

In such a situation, carefully assess the situation on both sides of the crossing. Please note that a number of railways have trains. Don't get caught in scissors. The procedure for crossing railway crossings is set out in section 15 of the Rules.

You intend to turn left. Your actions?

You intend to drive straight through the intersection. Your actions?

What does a flashing yellow traffic light mean?

You intend to turn left. Your actions?

Classic three-section traffic light.

Any of us knows from childhood that a red traffic light prohibits movement, and now both drivers are required to stop at the stop line.

But not everyone knows how a modern “advanced” traffic light works, what signals it may have and how exactly they alternate.

During the traffic police exam you will be asked:

What does the combination of red and yellow traffic lights mean?

The answer should not leave you in doubt - A brief combination of red and yellow signals informs drivers that the green signal will soon turn on.

The red and yellow lights go out, the green lights turn on, and you can move in all directions (unless, of course, signs or markings indicate otherwise).

But don't rush to start moving. The author of these lines has seen so many troubles and tragedies when neighbors along the road blindly followed the green signal. And this is not just advice, it is a requirement of the Rules.

Rules. Section 13. Clause 13.8. When the traffic light turns on, the driver is obliged to give way to vehicles completing their movement through the intersection, and to pedestrians who have not completed crossing the roadway in this direction.

That is, before you start moving, you need to make sure that those who have now turned red have stopped. Someone may simply not have time to stop, but someone is in such a hurry that they are ready to rush through the intersection risking their lives (okay, only their own, but also someone else’s).

Well, finally, the drivers on the road being crossed have stopped at their stop lines, and now they can start driving. We still see green light.

The green one burned, burned and blinked.

And again, during the traffic police exam, someone will definitely get this question:

What does a flashing green traffic light mean?

And again the answer is obvious - The flashing green light informs drivers that its time is expiring and the yellow light will soon turn on.

Is it possible to move when the green light is flashing? Don't doubt it, it's possible. Its duration is expiring, but it has not expired yet!

Another thing is that the green light will not blink for long - it will blink only three times and then go out.

Green will go out, but then yellow will light up. And this is what is said about the lonely yellow signal in the Rules, in paragraph 6.2:

« Yellow signal prohibits movement and warns about the upcoming change of signals.”

And this is where it is important for the driver to understand!– If the lone yellow light is on, then red will be next! That is, you will definitely have to stop!

Now imagine that the yellow light turns on when there are 5 - 10 meters left to the stop line. At a speed of 60 km/h, you can only hold the car by applying emergency braking! And even then, you will have to stop at the intersection (by crossing the stop line and risking getting hit from behind). Novice drivers often do this (sharply brake when the light turns yellow), and if an aggressive “experienced driver” was driving behind, then the novice is guaranteed to be hit from behind in this situation.

Meanwhile, the Rules prohibit sudden braking anywhere and everywhere (except for cases when it is necessary to prevent an accident):

Rules. Section 10. Clause 10.5. The driver is prohibited Brake sharply unless necessary to prevent a traffic accident.

That is, if the driver of a brown car suddenly brakes now, he will violate the requirement of paragraph 10.5 of the Rules. And in the event of an accident, both will be to blame - the driver of the red car is to blame because he did not maintain a safe distance, and the driver of the brown car is to blame because he braked unduly sharply.

The Rules treated this situation with understanding and allowed movement on a yellow traffic light (if it is no longer possible to stop smoothly in front of the stop line):

Rules. Section 6. Clause 6.14. Drivers who cannot stop when the yellow light turns on without resorting to emergency braking are allowed to continue driving.

And you may also be asked about this during the exam: “Are you allowed to continue driving if, when the traffic light turns yellow after the green light, you can only stop before the intersection by applying emergency braking?”

And here the answer should be absolutely clear to you - allowed. It’s simply allowed in any direction you want.

The lone yellow light will not burn for long - literally after a couple of seconds it will change to red, and the cycle will start all over again. But when the signal is red, drivers must definitely stop at the stop line.

And that's not all about traffic lights. If the traffic is not intense, then it is irrational to keep drivers at stop lines, and the traffic light can be switched to the so-called yellow flashing signal mode.

That is, red and green are not turned on at all, and only yellow is turned on all the time. Moreover, it does not just light up, but blinks at a frequency of once per second. This is how this signal is described in the Rules:

Rules. Section 6. Clause 6.2. Yellow flashing signal allows traffic and informs about the presence of an unregulated intersection or pedestrian crossing.

In this situation, drivers must independently determine the order of passage, guided by the general principle of “interference on the right.”

There is a problem in the traffic police book (shown below), which you often make mistakes when solving. Some of you for some reason choose the third answer. Most likely, because they did not read the question carefully. And the question says “when the traffic light is flashing yellow”! And, consequently, this intersection has become unregulated. And, therefore, we must be guided by priority signs.

Traffic lights with an additional section (or with two additional sections).

A classic three-section traffic light can be equipped with an additional section (right or left) or two additional sections (right and left).

Such “rationalization” makes it possible to significantly increase the throughput of the intersection; it is only important that drivers correctly understand the signals of such a traffic light.

And, first of all, it is necessary to understand that movement in the direction of the arrow is only allowed when the additional section is turned on.

For example, traffic to the right is now open.

And only to the right and nowhere else!

Anyone who needs to go in other directions must stand and wait for the main green signal to turn on.

The main green signal is turned on, and note that there are black outline arrows on the main green signal.

This was not the case at a three-section traffic light, but for a traffic light with an additional section, the presence of contour arrows on the main green one is a must-have!

Now movement is allowed only in the directions indicated by the contour arrows.

But now traffic is open in all directions.

Traffic lights designed to regulate traffic in certain directions.

Creative thought does not stand still, and traffic organizers were not satisfied with the fact that they proposed adding additional sections to the traditional traffic light. If necessary, you can provide a classic three-section traffic light with additional functions without equipping it with additional sections.

You approach an intersection and see instead of one traffic light there are three (according to the number of lanes in your direction).

It should be assumed that the effect of each traffic light extends only to the lane above which it hangs. And since the red signal is on everywhere, it means traffic from all lanes is prohibited.

Students. But why do red arrows light up instead of the usual round signal?

Teacher. This is done so that drivers approaching the intersection can change lanes in advance.

And the same arrows will light up on the yellow signal, informing drivers about the directions in which they will be allowed to move from this lane when the green signal turns on.

Now traffic is allowed from all lanes.

BUT!

It is necessary to adhere to the instructions dictated by the arrows on traffic lights.

Traffic light with a flashing yellow signal.

The most dangerous intersections in the driver's path are an uncontrolled pedestrian crossing and an uncontrolled intersection. At these intersections, drivers must independently determine the order of passage, guided by the relevant requirements of the Rules.

Traffic safety can be significantly improved if simple traffic lights with one yellow flashing signal are installed at such intersections. The continuous flashing of the yellow signal informs the driver in advance that he is approaching an unregulated intersection or pedestrian crossing.

There was no traffic light at this intersection. We hung it here using the Photoshop graphic editor.

But if he were actually here, this accident most likely would not have happened.

And these two-way traffic lights with a flashing yellow signal are not at all superfluous at an unregulated pedestrian crossing.

Reversible traffic lights.

Until recently, roads with reversible traffic were almost exotic in our country (although they have always been in the Rules).

And today you can often see such a warning.

And here it is - a section of the road with reverse traffic.

The roadway has appropriate markings (double broken lines with long strokes), and reversible traffic lights hang above the lanes designated for reversible traffic.

Now we have green arrows on at all traffic lights, and while they are on, these three lanes are given over to traffic in our direction.

On this section of the road, only one lane is allocated for reversible traffic. And now at the reverse traffic light we see a red cross. And, therefore, now the reversible lane is given to drivers in the opposite direction.

In our country, right-hand traffic is accepted and, in principle, everyone understands that when clearing the reverse lane, you need to change lanes to the right.

However, the Rules also provide for a three-section reversible traffic light - the yellow arrow, firstly, informs about the upcoming signal change, and, secondly, shows drivers where to change lanes, freeing up the reversible lane.

Now is the time for the driver of the blue jeep to turn on the right turn signals and immediately change lanes to the right. At the next reversible traffic light, a red cross will already be on.

Traffic lights for regulating traffic through railway crossings.

To regulate the movement of traffic through railway crossings, the Rules provide for three types of traffic lights.

This can be either one red light flashing once per second.

Or two alternately flashing red signals.

Or, along with two red signals, a white-lunar signal can also be installed, which, if turned on, also blinks at a frequency of once per second.

Now let's see what the Rules say about this:

Rules. Section 6. Clause 6.9. A round white-lunar flashing signal located at a railroad crossing allows vehicles to move through the crossing. When the flashing white-lunar and red signals are turned off, movement is permitted if there is no train (locomotive, handcar) approaching the crossing within sight.

That is, if one red signal is flashing or two red signals are flashing alternately, movement through the crossing is prohibited.

If the white-moon signal is flashing, movement through the crossing is permitted.

If nothing is flashing, movement through the crossing is also allowed. BUT! Not just allowed. First, the driver must make sure that there is no approaching train (within visibility!). And if there is one, then movement through the crossing is prohibited.

In conclusion, we note that GOST allows the use of conventional traffic lights at railway crossings.

Four-section traffic light with moon-white signals.

The use of such traffic lights makes it possible to organize conflict-free movement of route vehicles at intersections. We are talking about trams, as well as buses and trolleybuses, if they move along a lane specially allocated for them.

Now at the traffic light all four white-lunar signals are on and, therefore, the tram (bus, trolleybus) can move in all directions.

If the bottom signal and the top left signal are on, the tram (bus, trolleybus) is allowed to move to the left.

If the lower signal and the middle upper signal are on, the tram (bus, trolleybus) is allowed to move straight.

If the bottom signal and the top right signal are on, the tram (bus, trolleybus) is allowed to move to the right.

If the bottom signal is not on, then the tram (bus, trolleybus) is turned on “brick” - entry into the intersection is prohibited.

Now the tram is allowed to go straight or to the left, and we are allowed to go straight or to the right.

Indeed, a conflict-free movement.

Now the tram is allowed to go straight or to the right, and we will stand at the stop line.

And again, no conflict.

But now the tram will be stationary, but we can go in all directions.

And again, no conflict.