While the roads can hardly be called smooth, it has been practiced for several years now installation of speed bumps (speed bumps), which are installed to ensure the safety of all participants traffic from pedestrians to passenger cars. Today, any respectable citizen can install a speed bump (that’s what people call the IDN). However, initiative is often punishable. Especially if you don’t know the subtleties of this or that issue. On January 1, 2008, certain standards regarding IDN were introduced.
Let us present the general conclusions that can be drawn on the basis of the speed bump GOST R 52605-2006 “Technical means of organizing traffic. Artificial bumps. General technical requirements. Rules of application". Our company LLC "" provides services for the delivery and installation of IDN. According to all requirements and standards!

When installing and assembling the IDN, it is necessary to remember the safety of its operation. The height of this equipment should not exceed 7 centimeters, and the width should occupy the entire roadway. The permissible distance from the sidewalk is no more than 20 centimeters. Sections of roads where IDNs are installed should be provided with appropriate markings and road signs.
1.17" road signs are installed in front of the traffic police at the nearest border. Artificial hump" and 5.20 "Artificial hump".
Warning drivers about several sequentially located artificial bumps is ensured by the use of plate 8.2.1 “Area of ​​Effect”, installed together with the warning road sign 1.17 "Artificial hump".
If on a section of the road the IDN dimensions are selected for the maximum permissible speed, which differs from the speed on the previous section of the road by 20 km/h or more, a stepped speed limit is used with the sequential installation of signs 3.24 "Limitation" maximum speed" in accordance with the requirements of GOST R 52289.
The possibility of artificial night lighting must also be provided, and for prefabricated IDNs, the use of reflective and glow-in-the-dark coating is mandatory.

Rules for the use of artificial unevenness and installation of IDN

1 IN is installed on roads with asphalt concrete and cement concrete pavements in areas with artificial lighting.

2 IN is arranged based on an analysis of the causes of accidents on specific sections of roads, taking into account the composition and intensity of traffic and road conditions

IN is satisfied with:

In front of children's and youth educational institutions, playgrounds, places of public recreation, stadiums, stations, shops and other objects of mass concentration of pedestrians, on transport-pedestrian and pedestrian-transport main streets of district significance, on roads and streets of local significance, in parks roads and passages [SNiP 2.001-89];

Before dangerous sections of roads where a speed limit of 40 km/h or less has been introduced, established by road sign 3.24 “Maximum speed limit” or 5.3.1 “Zone with maximum speed limit”;

Before entering the territory marked with sign 5.21 “Residential zone”;

Before uncontrolled intersections with poor visibility Vehicle approaching along the road being crossed, at a distance of 30 to 50 m to road sign 2.5 “Driving without stopping is prohibited”;

From 10 to 15 m before the beginning of road sections that are areas of concentration of road accidents;

From 10 to 15 m to ground unregulated pedestrian crossings near children's and youth educational institutions, playgrounds, places of public recreation, stadiums, train stations, large stores, metro stations;

Alternating 50 m apart in the coverage area of ​​road sign 1.23 “Children”.

3 It is not allowed to arrange an ID in the following cases:

On federal roads;

On regional roads with 4 or more lanes (except for sections passing through cities and towns with a population of more than 1000 people);

At stopping points public transport or adjacent traffic lanes and widening of the roadway;

On bridges, overpasses, overpasses, in transport tunnels and passages under bridges;

At a distance of less than 100 m from railway crossings;

On high-speed main roads in cities and main streets of citywide importance there is continuous traffic [SNiP 2.05.02-85];

At the entrances to hospitals, ambulance stations medical care, fire stations, bus and trolleybus depots, garages and parking areas for emergency vehicles and other facilities where special vehicles are concentrated;

Above inspection wells of underground communications.

4 It is allowed to combine a monolithic structure with a trapezoidal profile with ground-based unregulated pedestrian crossings near children's and youth educational institutions, playgrounds on local streets in residential areas of cities, ensuring the passage of pedestrians along the central horizontal platform of the crossing with a width of at least 4 m, subject to traffic restrictions pedestrians along an inclined section of an elevated pedestrian crossing using barriers.

5 Reducing the height of a monolithic artificial unevenness to zero to a tray located along the curb stone is accepted with a slope of 1: on elevated pedestrian crossings and 1: 4 in other cases.

It is permissible to provide water drainage from a monolithic inlet without reducing its height in the presence of rainwater wells constructed at the inlet on each side of the street (with a longitudinal slope of the tray of less than 5%o) or on one (upper) side of the street (with a longitudinal slope of the tray of 3%o and more).

INs are installed on sections of roads with a ensured standard visibility distance of the road surface in accordance with GOST R 52399 with maximum proximity to existing artificial lighting masts, and, in necessary cases, with the installation of new outdoor lighting poles near the IN. The illumination level of the roadway in such areas should be at least 10 lux.

8 The length of the road section with a forced limitation of the maximum permissible speed should not exceed the values ​​​​specified in Table 1, and the total number of motor vehicles on such a road section should not be more than five.

Table 1

Equipment of technical means for traffic management of road sections with artificial bumps

1 Sections of roads on which INs are located should be equipped with road signs and road markings in accordance with GOST R 52289, GOST R 52290 and GOST R 5125

2 In front of the IN, on the nearest border of it or the marking, road signs 1.1 “Artificial Roughness” and 5.20 “Artificial Roughness” are installed.

3 Warning drivers about several sequentially located artificial bumps is ensured by the use of plate 8.2.1 “Area”, installed together with warning road sign 1.1 “Artificial bump”.

4 If on a section of the road the IM dimensions are selected for the maximum permissible speed, which differs from the speed on the previous section of the road by 20 km/h or more, a stepped speed limit is used with the sequential installation of signs 3.24 “Maximum speed limit” in accordance with the requirements of GOST R 52289.

5 In the case of using various IN designs, marking lines on the road surface and on curb stones are applied in accordance with Figure 1.

If it is necessary to install an elevated ground pedestrian crossing combined with the IN, the marking line is applied in accordance with Figure 2.

a - monolithic structure

b - collapsible design

Figure 1 - Example of applying markings 1.25 and 2.7 when installing IN

Figure 2 - Example of applying markings 1.25 and 2.7 in the case of an elevated pedestrian crossing combined with an IN

IDN calculator (speed bump)

“Speed ​​speed bumps” are popularly known as artificial humps designed to force a reduction in speed in risk areas: near kindergartens, schools, near pedestrian crossings, where the flow of people is quite significant, etc.

Some road users do not like speed bumps - they only cause discomfort, while some, on the contrary, do not have enough of them on some sections of the road, for example, due to the fact that it is impossible to cross the road. In our article today we will talk about whether installing speed bumps is legal and how to do it correctly?

Legal installation

First of all, it should be noted that the law prohibits self installation“speed bumps” on public roads, which include courtyards of “apartment buildings”. The only thing that can be done if such a desire arises is to contact government bodies with such a proposal, it is advisable to indicate the reason for this need.

This is quite easy to do. There are only two ways - contacting the administration of the area where you live or submitting an application online - the reception desk on the official website of the traffic police. The submitted petition must indicate a compelling reason for installing a speed bump at a specific location on the road.

If you decide to contact the district traffic police department or administration directly, then it is better to first collect the signatures of the owners of all apartments in your building, briefly and convincingly setting out the arguments in favor of the need for installation.

Legal dismantling of speed bumps

Any unauthorized actions to dismantle speed bumps are prohibited by law. In the event that there is no longer a need for it, for example, the school institution, near which the artificial unevenness was created, was disbanded, then your path lies again in the administration of your district or the traffic police department.

The only difference in your application will be that now you will petition to dismantle the speed bump. Well, and, of course, just as in the previous case, you need to provide compelling arguments in favor of the fact that the presence of a speed bump in a particular place is unacceptable.

Installation according to GOST

As of 2017, the installation rules are regulated by the relevant GOST number R. 52605-2006, which specifies all the parameters of speed bumps and the rules for their installation.

Speed ​​bumps come in two types - trapezoidal and wavy, and all their dimensions (height, length, etc.) are regulated by GOST. For example, with a speed limit sign set to “20”, the height of the wave-shaped speed bump will be no higher than 0.07 meters, and the length will be from three to three and a half meters.

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Let's look at the most important points regarding the installation of a speed bump:

• A speed bump must be accompanied by a corresponding road sign, as well as markings that will warn motorists that they are approaching an obstacle;
• Drainage equipment during installation;
• The size of the unevenness must be no less than the width of the road. The permitted deviation is up to twenty centimeters on each side;
• Speed ​​bumps can only be installed on paved and well-lit roads.

Installation on bridges, federal highways, stops, and in cases where the number of lanes is more than four is prohibited (with the exception of those roads that pass in a populated area where the population is more than one thousand people).

In a situation where one of the installation rules was violated or when the recommended value of the speed bump parameters was exceeded, you need to file a complaint with the traffic police.

Willful installation or dismantling

In this case, the violation is equivalent to the installation or demolition of a road sign, as stated in paragraph 1.5 of the Traffic Rules. For such actions as installing or dismantling a speed bump, administrative punishment is provided in the form of a fine, the amount of which may vary (regulated by Article 12.33 of the Code of administrative offenses). For an ordinary citizen, the amount of the fine varies from 5,000 to 10,000 rubles, legal. a person may be fined up to 300,000 rubles, and an official - up to 25,000 rubles.

Every month the number of so-called speed bumps on the roads of our country increases. They are an artificial elevation of the road, designed to ensure that car drivers slow down on a given section of the road. Very often they can be seen near schools, playgrounds and other places where children can run out onto the road. But many speed bumps are also installed where there are dangerous turns or other places with an increased likelihood of an accident. Recently, not a single supermarket parking lot can do without speed bumps.

Speed ​​bumps are often made from rounded metal structures. They vary in height and steepness depending on how safe a given place is. The more traffic flow needs to be slowed down, the higher the police officers become. Often, artificial bumps on country roads are made of asphalt.

If we talk about driving cars through this unevenness, many drivers make mistakes. The main mistake is that drivers run over a police officer with the brakes lightly applied. This has a very negative effect on the quality of overcoming obstacles, and can also damage the front suspension of your car! Remember that you should only slow down until you reach an obstacle! It is strictly not recommended to brake on the speed bump! When you see such an obstacle, start slowing down in advance, selecting the speed of passage. Roll up to the policeman. Then, when you feel that the front wheels have begun to approach the hill, lightly increase the gas. With this element, your car will seem to swallow this unevenness. If suddenly you notice a policeman late, then under no circumstances slow down for him! If possible, then slow down sharply before it, but you don’t need to brake on it, no matter what the speed. It wouldn't hurt to even add a little gas.

Passing a speed bump.

3-D speed bump.

Noise stripes

Recently, a compromise solution has begun to be used on the roads - noise strips. They do not impede traffic as much as speed bumps, but at the same time force drivers to slow down. However, not everyone speaks positively about them.

GOST for speed bumps

Since 2008, GOST has been introduced for the installation of speed bumps. Check it out.

GOST R 52605-2006

Group D28

NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Technical means of traffic management

ARTIFICIAL DIFFICULTIES

General technical requirements. Rules of application

Traffic control devices. Road bumps and road humps.

General technical requirements. Application rules

OKS 93.080.30

Date of introduction 2008-01-01

Preface

Goals and principles of standardization in Russian Federation installed Federal law dated December 27, 2002 N 184-FZ "On technical regulation", and the rules for the application of national standards of the Russian Federation - GOST R 1.0-2004 "Standardization in the Russian Federation. Basic provisions"

Standard information

1 DEVELOPED by the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "ROSDORNII" (FSUE "ROSDORNII") by order of the Federal Road Agency2 INTRODUCED by the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 278 "Road Safety" and the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 418 "Road Facilities"3 APPROVED AND ENTERED INTO EFFECT by Order Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology dated December 11, 2006 N 295-st4 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME Information on changes to this standard is published in the annually published information index "National Standards", and the text of changes and amendments is published in the monthly published information index "National Standards" ". In case of revision (replacement) or cancellation of this standard, the corresponding notice will be published in the monthly published information index "National Standards". Relevant information, notices and texts are also posted in information system for general use - on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet

1 area of ​​use

This standard applies to artificial bumps installed on the roadways and streets of cities and rural settlements (hereinafter referred to as roads) of the Russian Federation.

The standard establishes general technical requirements for artificial bumps for forced speed limiting of vehicles and the rules for their use.

This standard uses normative references to the following standards:

GOST R 50597-93 Highways and streets. Requirements for operational condition acceptable under road safety conditions

GOST R 51256-99 Technical means of organizing traffic. Road markings. Types and basic parameters. General technical requirements

GOST R 52289-2004 Technical means of organizing traffic. Rules for the use of road signs, markings, traffic lights, road barriers and guide devices

GOST R 52290-2004 Technical means of organizing road traffic. Road signs. General technical requirements

GOST R 52399-2005 Geometric elements highways

Note - When using this standard, it is advisable to check the validity of the reference standards in the public information system - on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet or according to the annually published information index "National Standards", which was published as of January 1 of the current year , and according to the corresponding monthly information indexes published in the current year. If the reference standard is replaced (changed), then when using this standard you should be guided by the replaced (changed) standard. If the referenced standard is canceled without replacement, then the provision in which the reference is made applies to the part that does not affect this reference.

3 Terms and definitions

The following terms with corresponding definitions are used in this standard:

3.1 artificial hump; IN: A specially constructed elevation on the roadway to force a reduction in traffic speed, located perpendicular to the axis of the road.

3.2 ridge IN: A line perpendicular in plan to the axis of the road, connecting the highest elevations roadway IN points

3.3 IN height: The shortest distance from the IN crest on the road axis to the level of the roadway.

3.4 longitudinal profile of the IN: The section created when the IN is crossed by a vertical plane located along its crest, perpendicular to the roadway.

3.5 transverse profile of IN: The section created when the IN intersects with a vertical plane located along the axis of the road.

4 Technical requirements

4.1 General requirements

4.1.1 IN is installed on certain sections of roads to ensure a forced reduction of the maximum permissible speed of vehicles to 40 km/h or less.

4.1.2 IN structures, depending on the manufacturing technology, are divided into monolithic and prefabricated.

4.1.3 The length of the ID must be no less than the width of the roadway. Tolerance- no more than 0.2 m on each side of the road.

4.1.4 At the site for the installation of the IN, drainage from the roadway must be provided.

4.1.5 To inform drivers, sections of roads with ID must be equipped technical means traffic management: road signs and markings.

4.2 Requirements for monolithic structures

4.2.1 Monolithic structures of IN must be made of asphalt concrete.

Depending on the transverse profile, INs are divided into two types:

Wavy (see Figure 1a);

Trapezoidal (see Figure 1b).

4.2.2 The type of longitudinal profile IN is selected taking into account the presence of rainwater wells near it on the upstream side of the road on the descent and depending on the direction of the transverse flow of water on the roadway.

The following types are distinguished:

I - with a two-way transverse slope of the roadway and the absence of rainwater wells on the upstream side of the road on the descent at the IN (see Figure 2a);

II - with a two-way transverse slope of the roadway and the presence of rainwater wells on the upstream side of the road on the descent at the IN (see Figure 2b);

III - with a one-sided transverse slope of the roadway and the absence of a rainwater well in the lower tray on the upstream side of the road on the descent at the IN (see Figure 2c);

IV - with a one-sided transverse slope of the roadway and the presence of a rainwater well in the lower tray on the upstream side of the road on the descent at the IN (see Figure 2d).

4.2.3 IN parameters should be taken based on the maximum permissible speed on the road section indicated on the sign, in accordance with Table 1.

Table 1

Dimensions in meters

On roads on which trackless route vehicles regularly move, the IN parameters should be taken in accordance with Table 2.

table 2

Dimensions in meters

4.3 Requirements for prefabricated structures

4.3.1 Collapsible design of the IN can consist of a number of the same type of geometrically compatible main and edge elements.

4.3.2 The main and edge elements can consist of one (see Figure 3a)

or two parts (see Figure 3b),

which are geometrically compatible with each other and have holes for attachment to the road surface.

4.3.3 The design must provide for the possibility of installation and dismantling on the road surface, as well as replacement of its individual elements and parts using special tools.

4.3.4 The dimensions of the IN elements should be taken depending on the required limitation of the maximum permissible speed in accordance with Table 3.

Table 3

Dimensions in meters

4.3.5 Each IN element can be made in the form of a single-layer or two-layer structure.

4.3.6 IN must have a surface that provides a coefficient of adhesion in accordance with the requirements of GOST R 50597.

4.3.7 Hardness of IN, made of elastic material, Shore A, measured at work surface in at least five points, at least 50 mm from the edge, there should be from 55 to 80 conventional units.

4.4 To ensure visibility at night, retroreflective elements oriented in the direction of vehicle movement must be applied to the surface of the vehicle. The area of ​​retroreflective elements must be at least 15% of the total area of ​​the IN.

4.5 Retroreflective elements are made of polymer tapes or other materials in accordance with GOST R 51256. The values ​​of the brightness coefficient and retroreflective coefficient of such elements must comply with the requirements of GOST R 51256 for category I roads and main streets of continuous traffic. If retroreflective elements are destroyed or peeled off, as well as their lighting characteristics decrease during operation to values ​​below standard values, the retroreflective elements must be replaced with new ones.

4.6 It is not allowed to operate the IN with missing individual elements and protruding or open fasteners.

If the integrity of the tire is compromised due to the loss of one or more elements, the fasteners remaining in the road surface should not cause damage to the tires.

4.7 When dismantling the vehicle, the fastening elements must be removed, the remaining holes on the road surface must be sealed, and warning road signs and markings must be eliminated.

4.8 The artificial hump kit should include:

Main and edge elements;

Fastening elements;

Passport products;

Installation instructions.

5 Methods for controlling artificial humps

5.1 Technical condition IN is controlled visually.

Control of retroreflective elements - according to GOST R 51256.

5.2 When inspecting the ID of a prefabricated structure, check the presence of all elements, their condition and tightness of contact with the road surface.

5.3 When inspecting the monolithic structure of the IN, check for the absence of subsidence, potholes, and other damage. The maximum extent of damage to the roadway surface and the timing of their elimination are established in accordance with GOST R 50597.

5.4 If any defect in the ID is detected, the period for its elimination should not exceed three days.

6 Rules for the use of artificial unevenness

6.1 IN is installed on roads with asphalt concrete and cement concrete surfaces in areas with artificial lighting.

6.2 IE is arranged based on an analysis of the causes of accidents on specific sections of roads, taking into account the composition and intensity of traffic and road conditions

IN is satisfied with:

In front of children's and youth educational institutions, playgrounds, places of public recreation, stadiums, stations, shops and other objects of mass concentration of pedestrians, on transport-pedestrian and pedestrian-transport main streets of district significance, on roads and streets of local significance, in parks roads and passages;

Before dangerous sections of roads on which a speed limit of 40 km/h or less has been introduced, established by road sign 3.24 “Maximum speed limit” or 5.3.1 “Zone with maximum speed limit”;

Before entering the territory marked with sign 5.21 “Residential zone”;

Before unregulated intersections with poor visibility of vehicles approaching along the road being crossed, at a distance of 30 to 50 m to road sign 2.5 “Driving without stopping is prohibited”;

From 10 to 15 m before the beginning of road sections that are areas of concentration of road accidents;

From 10 to 15 m to ground-based unregulated pedestrian crossings near children's and youth educational institutions, playgrounds, places of public recreation, stadiums, train stations, large stores, metro stations;

Alternating 50 m apart in the coverage area of ​​road sign 1.23 “Children”.

6.3 It is not allowed to arrange an ID in the following cases:

On federal roads;

On regional roads with 4 or more lanes (except for sections passing through cities and towns with a population of more than 1000 people);

At public transport stops or adjacent traffic lanes and at the junctions of roadway widenings;

On bridges, overpasses, overpasses, in transport tunnels and passages under bridges;

At a distance of less than 100 m from railway crossings;

On high-speed highways in cities and main streets of citywide importance there is continuous traffic;

At the entrances to hospitals, ambulance stations, fire stations, bus and trolleybus depots, garages and parking areas for emergency vehicles and other sites where special vehicles are concentrated;

Above inspection wells of underground communications.

6.4 It is allowed to combine a monolithic structure with a trapezoidal profile with ground-based unregulated pedestrian crossings near children's and youth educational institutions, playgrounds on local streets in residential areas of cities, ensuring the passage of pedestrians along the central horizontal platform of the crossing with a width of at least 4 m, subject to traffic restrictions pedestrians along an inclined section of an elevated pedestrian crossing using barriers.

6.5 Reducing the height of a monolithic artificial unevenness to zero to a tray located along the curb stone (see Figures 2a, c) is accepted with a slope of 1:6 on elevated pedestrian crossings and 1:4 in other cases.

6.6 It is allowed to ensure water drainage from a monolithic water pump without reducing its height (see Figures 2b, d) in the presence of rainwater wells constructed at the water pump on each side of the street (if the longitudinal slope of the tray is less than 5+) or on one (upstream) side of the street ( with a longitudinal slope of the tray of 3+ or more).

6.7 IN is installed on road sections with a ensured standard visibility distance of the road surface in accordance with GOST R 52399 with maximum proximity to existing artificial lighting masts, and, if necessary, with the installation of new outdoor lighting poles near the IN. The illumination level of the roadway in such areas should be at least 10 lux.

6.8 The length of the road section with a forced limitation of the maximum permissible speed should not exceed the values ​​​​specified in Table 4, and the total number of motor vehicles on such a road section should not be more than five.

Table 4

7 Equipment of technical means for organizing traffic on sections of roads with artificial bumps

7.1 Sections of roads on which INs are located should be equipped with road signs and road markings in accordance with GOST R 52289, GOST R 52290 and GOST R 51256.

7.2 In front of the IN, on the nearest border of it or the marking, road signs 1.17 “Artificial Roughness” and 5.20 “Artificial Roughness” are installed.

7.3 Warning drivers about several sequentially located artificial bumps is ensured by the use of plate 8.2.1 “Area of ​​Operation”, installed together with warning road sign 1.17 “Artificial bump”.

7.4 If on a section of the road the IM dimensions are selected for the maximum permissible speed, which differs from the speed on the previous section of the road by 20 km/h or more, a stepped speed limit is used with the sequential installation of signs 3.24 “Maximum speed limit” in accordance with the requirements of GOST R 52289.

7.5 In the case of using various designs of IN, marking lines on the road surface and on curb stones are applied in accordance with Figure 4 (Figure 4 - Example of applying markings 1.25 and 2.7 when installing IN).

see Figure 4a - monolithic structure

see Figure 4b - collapsible design.

If it is necessary to install an elevated ground pedestrian crossing combined with the IN, the marking line is applied in accordance with Figure 5.

See Figure 5 - Example of applying markings 1.25 and 2.7 in the case of an elevated pedestrian crossing combined with an IN

To shorten the journey or avoid a traffic jam, car drivers often drive through internal driveways without reducing their speed. Thus, a speed bump in the yard is a pressing issue for many residents of large cities.

Design and purpose of speed bumps

A speed bump is a road structure designed to reduce the speed of drivers of vehicles moving along the roadway. Structurally, the speed bump is a mound of reinforced rubber, painted black and yellow to attract attention. Areas for installing speed bumps include internal driveways and roads in areas of unregulated pedestrian crossings, located near schools, kindergartens and medical institutions.

Procedure for installing a speed bump

The installation of speed bumps is organized by separate services of local governments, whose specialists annually draw up a plan for the order of their installation. First of all, it is necessary to find out whether it is planned to install an artificial roughness in the required location according to the approved schedule.

If the installation of a speed bump in a particular yard is not included in the plans of the municipal authorities, the residents of the yard can submit a collective application. During the application process, the maximum possible number of signatures is collected, after which the document is submitted for consideration to the local administration. Also attached to the application are the locations of the proposed installation of the structure with photographs.

If the verdict is positive, the installation of the speed bump will be carried out at the expense of the municipal treasury. It should be borne in mind that the time from consideration of the application to the installation of the road structure may take a long period. When considering applications, preference is given to places located near medical and educational institutions.

If funds are available, the initiative group can independently purchase the necessary equipment. In addition to the speed bump design itself, it includes a set of road signs required for installation by traffic regulations.

With any source of financing for the purchase and installation of a speed bump, its installation must be approved by the traffic police. If this stage is ignored, the structure can be dismantled legally.

There are more and more speed bumps on the country's roads. They are an elevation created from a special structure and designed to limit the speed of drivers on a certain section of the road. However, speed bumps are not always installed in accordance with existing rules, and since 2008 there has been a special GOST for their installation.

Instructions

Speed ​​bumps must meet certain technical requirements. It is installed to limit driving speed to 40 km/h. By design, they are collapsible and monolithic. The length of the obstacle must be no less than the width of the roadway. Deviations of 20cm on each side are allowed.

Before installing an artificial hump, drainage from the roadway must be installed. It is necessary to install appropriate signs and apply certain markings.

The monolithic structure must be made of asphalt concrete and can be wavy or trapezoidal. You should also pay attention to the longitudinal slope, which is adjusted in accordance with the presence of rainwater wells.

The prefabricated structure consists of the same type and geometrically suitable elements and is made of elastic material with a fixed hardness of 55 conventional units. Before installing such a speed bump, it is necessary to make appropriate holes in the road. Single-layer or double-layer construction can be used.

REFERENCE INFORMATION

Artificial road hump, speed bump

1. Historical background

For the first time, artificial road humps (ARH) or speed bumps began to be used in the United States in the early XX century to force restrictions on the speed of cars on dangerous sections of roads.

At that time, the United States was experiencing rapid and massive motorization, and the owners of farms, past which highways passed, were very concerned about the safety of livestock, which often ended up under the wheels of passing cars.

The first IDNs were made from boards, logs, stone shafts or crushed stone mixture with clay. It was at that time that the prototypes of warning road signs appeared - mostly these were signs with warning messages, for example: “Slow down to 5 miles, otherwise you will lose your car!” And then standards and rules for their application were developed.

In Europe, IDNs appeared after the First World War and also varied in shape and size, as did the signs indicating their presence. Over time, this was consolidated, and prescribed requirements for the shapes, sizes, installation locations and rules for using IDN appeared.

In the USSR, and later in the Russian Federation, speed bumps made of concrete or asphalt were also used.

Due to the relatively small number of cars, for a long time there was no need to somehow “legitimize” their presence and use.

However, with the increase in the number of cars, and therefore accidents, the need arose to create barriers and road signs and rules for their use.

Currently developed and operating state standards, which clearly establish the forms of designation and geometric parameters and installation locations of speed bumps and related road signs.

Speed ​​bumps are the only simple and reliable way, ensuring a forced reduction in the speed of vehicles on the most dangerous sections of roads to prevent possible accidents and deaths of pedestrians.

2. Artificial road humps

Artificial road humps or speed bumps are installed on the roadway in the form of an elevation to force a reduction in the speed of vehicles on certain sections of roads.

Depending on the purpose and manufacturing technology, IDNs are divided into prefabricated and monolithic structures.

IDNs are installed on sections of roads with heavy traffic, near schools, kindergartens, hospitals, clinics, industrial enterprises, at entrances and exits to shopping and gas stations, in construction zones and other emergency areas.

Currently, in accordance with GOST R 52605-2006, prefabricated structures of IDN types IDN-500 () and IDN-900 () are manufactured.

IDN-500 are intended for installation on the carriageway of highways near pedestrian crossings and in places of increased danger, where a forced speed limit for vehicles is necessary.

On roads where public transport is organized, IDN-500 is not installed. In such cases, it is necessary to install IDN-900, which ensures smoother passage of vehicles over artificial roughness.

Collapsible IDN structures consist of a number of the same type of geometrically compatible middle and edge elements, which, depending on the width of the roadway, provide a lane of almost any length. The delivery set for the IDN should include anchor bolts, thrust bushings (dowels), washers and technical documentation from the manufacturer.

Prefabricated structures of IDN must have alternating black and yellow (black and white) colors.

It is recommended to place IDNs in places with maximum illumination (near the light source) at a distance of at least 30 meters in front of unregulated pedestrian crossings and at a distance of 60-1000 meters from each other in the direction of travel.

On roads and streets that do not have stationary lighting, reflectors of the KDZ-1 type (GOST R 50971-96) are used to indicate artificial bumps, installed along the entire width of the roadway on each side of the road. In front of the IDN, at a distance of 50-70 cm, parallel to its sole, in increments of 50 cm, it is necessary to apply markings that are visible both day and night.

It is allowed to install IDNs on district and local streets, side and local passages of highways, in residential areas indicated by road signs 5.38 - 5.39 “Residential zone”, “End of residential zone”.

It is not allowed to install IDNs on road sections where there is trolleybus traffic, on bridges, overpasses, in transport tunnels and passages under overpasses.

In front of traffic signs on roads, streets and driveways inside residential areas, sign 3.24 “Maximum speed limit” should be used, the value of which is equal to the maximum permissible speed for driving through a given unevenness.

The identification number must be located perpendicular to the axis of the roadway and exclude the possibility of vehicles bypassing it. The length of the IDN strip must be no less than the width of the roadway. The permissible deviation is no more than 0.2 m on each side of the road.

IDN elements are made from high-strength rubber, rubber production waste or other polymer materials that do not contain harmful impurities. IDN elements have a rough surface to ensure the required grip on vehicle tires. The design of the lower part of the IDN ensures stable drainage. For better visibility at night, yellow or white reflective material is applied to the surface of the IDN.

The IDN strip, installed on the roadway, is made of a prefabricated structure and consists of two edge and a number of middle elements. The number of middle elements is determined by dividing the length of the IDN strip (minus the length of the two edge ones) by the length of the middle element. The middle element has the following dimensions: 500 × 500 × 58 mm. The edge elements are a monolithic semicircular rubber product with dimensions of 500 × 250 × 58 mm.

Monolithic structures IDNs are used only on streets leading to the territory indicated by road sign 5.38-5.39 “Residential zone”, “End of residential zone”, as well as on park roads, driveways and inside courtyard areas.

Monolithic IDN structures have transverse profiles of wavy () and trapezoidal shapes ().

The type of longitudinal profile IDN is selected taking into account the presence of rainwater wells near it on the upper side of the road on the descent and depending on the direction of the transverse flow of water on the roadway.

The dimensions of the artificial unevenness of a monolithic structure are selected depending on the required value of the maximum permissible speed of vehicles and the type of transverse profile ().

Monolithic IDN are made from dense fine-grained or sandy asphalt concrete, the properties of which must meet the requirements of GOST 9128-97.

The adhesion coefficient of the surface of the IDN of a monolithic structure must be not lower than the adhesion coefficient of the road surface and comply with the requirements of GOST R 50597-93.

Rice. 1.

Rice. 2.

Wave-shaped and trapezoidal monolithic profiles IDN

Table 1

Dimensions of IDN monolithic structure