How to properly sew an aiguillette, methods for secure fastening. How to sew an aiguillette: step-by-step instructions How to sew an aiguillette onto a cadet uniform

This element additionally decorates the latter and emphasizes the personality of its owner. But how to sew aiguillette? Among other things, we will analyze the process in detail in this article.

What is this - aiguillette?

Before we figure out how to properly sew aiguillette onto a military uniform, we’ll reveal what it is for readers who are encountering this concept for the first time.

The hero of our story is part of the ceremonial military uniform. These are cords intertwined with each other, which are wrapped in golden or silver thread, decorated with small metal tips. Such an element is attached either to the uniform or to the jacket.

Origin of the word is German: Achsel- "armpit" Band- “cord”, “ribbon”.

How to sew aiguillette onto a uniform is most often interesting to cadets and young military personnel. Let's move on to describe this process.

You will need...

Before sewing the aiguillette onto the form, you must first prepare the following:

• cords;
• golden (silver) gimp;
• metal tips;
• the jacket itself.

Everything is in place? Let's get started!

How to sew aiguillette onto a jacket

This attribute is located precisely on the right side of the military uniform. Accordingly, it is hemmed under the right shoulder strap. But there are a number of exceptions to this rule - in some parts the aiguillette is worn on the left side.

We proceed as follows:

1. Place the edge of the first cord 5 mm from the edge of the shoulder strap (the one closest to the sleeve).
2. Thus, in order to secure the aiguillette, you first need to tear off the shoulder strap from the fabric of your tunic or uniform exactly halfway. Then you secure the lace with a few stitches. Then you need to carefully sew back the torn part of the shoulder strap.
3. The first lace must go under the sleeve.
4. How to sew a whole aiguillette? The rest of the cords are attached using a decorative metal lapel tip.
5. Let's move on. To secure the intertwined cords under the lapel, a button or simply a loop of thread, fabric, or lace is sewn under the latter. The difficulty is that this element should not peek out from under the lapel - both with and without aiguillette.

Who wears aiguillettes?

According to the military regulations, the following are required to wear this attribute of the military uniform:

• Participants in army parade processions.
• Members of a military band.
• Military personnel as part of the honor guard.

Aiguillettes are not traditionally Russian elements of military uniforms. You can see them on the uniform and jacket of officers of the armies of the world.

There is also a known practice that already demobilized servicemen decorate their uniforms with homemade aiguillettes in honor of some holidays. Most often this decoration is white.

Sometimes aiguillettes are worn not only by military ranks. For example, theater and film actors. Also, people whose hobby is recreating and restoring historical costumes, including military ones, are interested in how to sew aiguillette onto a jacket. But in this case, it is best to turn to archival documents if you want to accurately restore the uniform of that era. Perhaps in a certain country, in a specific period of history, there were different rules for the consolidation and arrangement of these attributes.

As for the division by rank, high-ranking officials, such as generals, are required to wear golden aiguillettes. Military personnel of lower rank wear silver elements of this type. Or aiguillettes, which are prescribed by more specific military regulations.

So we figured out how to sew aiguillette onto a jacket. Finally, we would like to introduce you to a number of interesting facts about him:

• The first aiguillettes appeared in the 17th century in Western Europe.
• According to legend, this form element was originally an object used to measure distances on a map. But instead of decorative tips there were sharpened pencils - with the help of them the clarified readings were recorded.
• As an attribute of a military uniform, aiguillette appeared during the war between Spain and the Netherlands. The inhabitants of the latter defended their independence. Death or freedom - the proud Dutch left no other choice for themselves. And the aiguillette was a symbol that frightened the enemy - the warrior showed that he would make a noose for hanging from these cords himself, just so as not to become a defeated slave of the Spaniards. And according to some information, this attribute was actually pieces of ropes taken from the gallows.
• But historians offer another interesting version. Aiguillettes appeared as a decorative replacement for the wick skein that the military threw over their shoulders. It was necessary for the once relevant matchlock muskets.

Akselbant in Russia

Aiguillettes came to our country in 1762. This was the insignia of the infantry troops of the musketeer and grenadier battalions. Officers wore an attribute with silver-plated, gilded threads. In 1917 it was abolished. The aiguillette returned to the Soviet army in 1971. It was a decoration for military personnel in the honor guard, orchestra, and parade squad of the Moscow garrison.

Today in our country there are two types of aiguillette:

• For officers (including marshals, admirals, generals) - yellow, with two braided ends, an iron tip.
• For soldiers, sailors, sergeants, petty officers - white, with one braided end, yellow tip.

Now you know how to sew an aiguillette. As well as the history of this attribute of military uniforms.

The term that will be discussed in our article came to us from the middle of the seventeenth century and originated from two german words: "band" and "anhsel", literally translated as "bow" and "armpit". Aiguillettes are widely used as decoration for the uniforms of various branches of the military, but they can also be part of a dance, masquerade or theatrical costume. Let's find out, right?

When to wear aiguillette

This accessory is the most important part of the ceremonial military uniform, so no serviceman will appear at the parade without it. This also applies to those who play in a military band or serve as an honor guard. As a rule, the aiguillette is attached to the right shoulder. By the way, members of modern groups can also equip their costumes with the named accessory, for example, it is included in the uniform of a company of drummers.

But how to sew on aiguillette if the costume is part of a historical reconstruction? In this case, the location should correspond to the given era, because traditions have changed over time and are changing now. Moreover, different branches of the military and even regiments may have their own ways of attaching this accessory to their uniform.

How to sew aiguillette

Since this is not just a rope, but a whole bunch, attaching them to the form beautifully and accurately does not always work the first time - it requires skill. There is a general tradition for general military and naval uniforms, according to which the aiguillette is attached under the right shoulder strap. This principle remains the same for all types of accessories. The aiguette on a dress uniform is attached like this:

• First, the shoulder strap must be cut in half.
• Then, at a distance of five millimeters from its edge, a fabric strap is placed at the top of the aiguillette, and the first should be a cord, which is topped with a tassel, metal tip or any other decoration. If there is one on all the cords, then it is not necessary to follow the order, but they should be positioned so as to avoid overlap.

• The second end is attached under the lapel using a tip. To make this possible, a button is sewn under it in a special way, although in some cases the place of the button is taken by a loop of thread or thin rope. It does not matter how the tip is secured, the main thing is that the loop or button does not stick out from under the lapel.

How to sew aiguillette onto a cadet uniform? If the tradition of an educational institution provides for a method different from the traditional one, then it should be used. In other cases, the method described above is suitable for any uniform, with the only exception being the tunic of a company of drummers, which does not have lapels. In this case, the second end is simply sewn on, rather than attached to a button or loop.

The photo in the article demonstrates how aiguillette should be installed on a dress uniform.

Origin

The described accessory has a rather unusual appearance, so many are interested not only in how to sew on an aiguillette, but also in its origin. Since it appeared almost three hundred years ago, it is difficult to accurately reconstruct the chain of events, but there are three versions of the appearance of this integral part of the modern dress uniform.

The first version says that initially the aiguillette was a fodder rope that cavalrymen wore on their shoulders, and the metal tips were intended for cleaning the seeds. There is also an opinion that, in addition to the fodder rope, it could serve as a musket fuse.

As a sign of contempt

The second version tells of a heroic story that took place during the Dutch struggle for independence against Spain. Under the leadership of the Spanish there was a Dutch regiment, the soldiers from which did not want to fight against their fellow countrymen and went over to their side. Fernando Alvarez de Toledo, as the Duke was called, flew into a rage and hanged everyone who was captured from this regiment. The Dutch responded by wearing a rope over their shoulders, thus expressing their contempt.

According to the third version, the accessory originated in France. It is believed that the adjutants wore a small loop of rope on their shoulder, which was thrown around the horse's neck when the general dismounted. For convenience, the serviceman always carried it with him, attaching it to a shoulder strap or epaulette.

Story

The question of how to properly sew an aiguillette onto a jacket began to worry soldiers of the Russian Empire at the beginning of the 18th century, when this accessory was adopted from Europe. Grenadier and musketeer uniforms were decorated with them, and the officers had a gilded or silver-plated cord, and the soldiers had a simple thread one. Two hundred years later, it was already firmly rooted in the general’s uniform and became an integral part of the uniforms of adjutants and officers of the General Staff.

However, after the revolution of 1917, the aiguillette in all branches of the military was abolished as a “royal relic.” More than half a century later, in 1971, it was reintroduced, but only for the musicians of the Moscow garrison orchestra, as well as for the uniform of the honor guard soldiers.

The officer's aiguillette looks like a braided golden cord with two loops and two gilded tips.

In the same year, 1971, the accessory was used to decorate the ceremonial uniforms of participants in the military parade in Moscow, which was held in honor of the October Revolution. From this moment began the history of the so-called "demobilization" aiguillette: soldiers conscript service Those being transferred to the reserves began to equip their uniforms with non-statutory accessories.

Position the edge of the first outer cord so that it is at a distance of 5 mm from the edge of the shoulder strap, directed towards the sleeve.

This outermost cord from the entire aiguillette band should pass under the sleeve.

The remaining bunch of cords is attached using a metal end under the lapel of the jacket. To secure them, you need to sew a button under the lapel so that the loop, which is located above the tip, is not visible from behind the lapel when attached to the button. Sometimes the button is not sewn on to secure it, but the lapel loop itself is sewn to the uniform.

Aiguillette as decoration

In general, an epaulette with an aiguillette is an adornment that can be worn by a woman. However, not everyone will allow themselves to wear it in everyday life. But as an alternative to glamorous decor, luxurious bright colors, this option is quite acceptable.

The popularity of this decoration is promoted by a fashion trend in designer collections - laconic silhouettes of officer uniforms. The “Military” style especially often manifests itself in women’s jackets. Some types of this wardrobe detail were indeed borrowed from the military. For example, the “trenchcop” model literally means - cloth for a cop.

Aiguillette goes well with jackets. The decoration can be a regular braid or a decoration stylized as a hussar aiguillette. Can be worn with an epaulette or simply on bare shoulders. Aiguillettes decorated with precious stones and worn depending on the preferences of the owner of such a jacket.

A woman can wear aiguillette, fastening it to the shoulder with a brooch and sewing it under the collar. Secure the second part of the aiguillette to the button using a special loop.

The decoration may consist of several cords. Secure them in a bun on your shoulder at one end. Then distribute one at a time on the chest using small decorative pins or brooches. Leave some of the cords free, and secure the other under the collar or behind the button.

Add ailets to a jacket, blouse, jacket, evening dress dress- wear it as you feel comfortable. Renew old things with aiguillette, decorate, for example, your favorite blouse.

Learn some simple macrame techniques. Combine different knots, weave threads of different lengths and wear them secured to a brooch or a beautiful pin. Complete the decoration with decorative jewelry, beads, and crocheted flowers.

How to do aiguillette Aiguillette can be woven from different numbers of strands. But in any case, you need to start with a loop, since the open ends of the finished cord are both unsightly and do not correspond to a military uniform. Cut 4 or 5 strands from a thin metallized cord, depending on the intended weaving method. The strands should be approximately 1.5 times longer than the intended product. The excess can be removed later. If the thread turns out to be shorter, that’s okay too. A new one can be woven in, although this is not very advisable.

Place the strands together, bend them about ten centimeters and make a loop. Wrap the short end around the long end once and pull it through the loop. Align the strands with the long ones to weave them in. You can do this right away by tying the section from the end of the loop to the end of the short strands with one of the long threads several times. True, to do this, one of the threads needs to be made a little longer than the rest.

Place the loop on a nail driven into a wooden board. If you are going to braid with four strands, spread them apart. In this case, the threads will move towards each other as follows. Take the 2 outer threads and draw them towards each other. Holding them with the middle fingers of both hands, take the other two threads with your index and thumbs and also move them towards each other, but between the first pair. The result is counter loops that should be quite tight. Again, draw the first two threads towards each other between the strands of the second pair. In this way, weave to the place where the metal tips are attached. Regroup the strands by connecting them in pairs. This weaving method is good for a thin but fairly rigid cord.

From softer threads you can make aiguillette another type. You will need five strands. Take the left strand, pass it under the second, over the third, under the fourth and over the fifth. Hold the beginning of the braid from unraveling. In the same way, draw the next strand, which is now on the far left. Bring it under the third one, over the next one and all the way to the end. In this way, weave almost to the end of the product, leaving small pieces of cord. Secure the end of the weaving with a knot.

Metal ends can be attached to the bottom of the cord. In some branches of the military, instead of them there were tassels from the same cord. The other end is hidden under shoulder strap or epaulette.

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The blocks of orders and medals of the second row must go under the orders and medals of the first row, while the upper edge of the blocks of the bottom row is placed 35 mm below the blocks of the first row. Subsequent rows are arranged in a similar order. Badges of orders, orders and medals are located on a single-breasted police jacket so that the upper edge of the block of orders and medals of the first row is located 90 mm below the level of the lapel ledge. On the right side of the chest, awards are located in the following order: Orders are located from left to right in the order listed. The upper edge of the largest order of the first row is located at the level established for the common bar (block) of the first row of orders and medals placed on the left side of the chest. Orders that do not fit in one row are transferred to the second and subsequent rows located below the first, placing them also from the center of the chest to the edge in the indicated order. The centers of the orders in a row should be at the same level. The distance between orders and rows of orders is 10 mm. The sign of the number of wounds made of golden galun (for a severe wound) or dark red color (for a light wound) is located on the fabric strip of the top of the product. Braid width 6 mm, length 43 mm. The severe wound badge is placed below the light wound badge. The distance between stripes is 3 mm. The number of wounds sign is placed on the tunic and jacket to the right of the sign for honorary titles. Russian Federation, and in his absence, in his place.

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The women's demi-season raincoat is part of the new uniform for police officers. The raincoat has a semi-fitting silhouette, with a central inner hidden fastener with five loops and buttons and an additional top button and a through-stitched loop, on an insulated stitched lining. On the yokes in the area of ​​the shoulder seams there are two belt loops and one non-slit loop for attaching removable shoulder straps. Sleeves are set-in, two-seam. Patches are sewn into the lower part of the middle seam of the sleeve, fastened with a loop and a uniform button. Turn-down collar, with a detachable stand. The removable belt is threaded into belt loops located in the side seams and fastened with a buckle with a tongue, the free end of which is threaded into the belt loop. On the right hem there is an internal welt pocket with a leaf. Jacket fabric (100% polyester) with rip-stop weaving threads and water-repellent impregnation. The second layer is the membrane. Filler: Thinsulate 100 g/m. Recommended temperature range: from +10°C to -12°C. Worn with a dark blue muffler or a white muffler. It is allowed to wear a demi-season raincoat neatly folded with the front side out on the left hand. Demi-season raincoats are worn buttoned up. It is allowed to wear demi-season raincoats with the top button undone. Demi-season raincoats are worn with or without removable insulation and a belt fastened with a buckle. This raincoat has removable dark blue shoulder straps and dark blue stripes.

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The "Mountain-3" jacket is recommended for outdoor activities (hiking, hiking), as well as as a field uniform for mountain rifle units of the Russian Defense Ministry. Loose fit that does not restrict movement. Hood with adjustment in three dimensions - along the oval of the face, vertically at the back of the head and side adjustment vision With buttons Adjustment of the volume of the sleeve above the wrist with a hidden elastic band with Velcro Elbows are protected with a removable polyurethane foam insert (included) Pockets: two lower volume pockets with buttons, closed with flaps, a Napoleon pocket on the chest, inclined pockets on the sleeves, closed with flaps with Velcro, internal waterproof pocket for documents with Velcro Ties: at the waist with a cord at the bottom of the jacket jackets View all products by tag jackets with a rubber cord Material: 100% cotton, new high-quality tarpaulin, superior to analogues used by most other manufacturers New technology processing has significantly improved the fabric's resistance to fading and abrasion Reinforcing linings -100% polyester polyester View all products by tag polyester rip-stop Attention! Before washing, remove the protective inserts in the knee/elbow pads from the corresponding pockets. Do not wash protective inserts in washing machine. When washing tarpaulin items in a washing machine, traces of wear may appear. SIZING SELECTION: Download the size chart (.xlsx) to accurately determine the required size REVIEWS: Review from Survival Panda Discussion of this model on the forum YOU MAY BE INTERESTED in:

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Rules
wearing a special ceremonial military uniform for servicemen of the honor guard of the Armed Forces

I. Uniform of military personnel

a woolen cap in sea green color (in the Air Force - blue, in the Navy - black (summer cap is white));

black socks;

white gloves.

hat with earflaps made of gray astrakhan (in the Navy - black) color;

removable collar made of gray astrakhan (in the Navy - black) color;

gray woolen coat (in the Air Force - blue, in the Navy - black) color;

sea ​​green wool jacket (in the Air Force - blue, in the Navy - black);

wool trousers with boots (except for the Navy) in sea green color (in the Air Force - blue);

untucked wool trousers in black (for the Navy);

golden ceremonial belt;

black boots (except Navy);

black boots (for the Navy);

black socks;

white gloves.

It is allowed to wear the following clothes in winter uniform:

woolen cap (summer cap);

woolen coat without a removable collar made of astrakhan fur.

II. Features of wearing military uniforms

3. Astrakhan fur hats with earflaps are worn with a golden-colored cockade.

4. Woolen caps are worn with a golden-colored cockade, with a red (in the Air Force - blue, in the Navy - black) band and red (in the Air Force - blue, in the Navy - white) piping, with 5% gilding sewing on the band, with braided cord 5% gold plated. The Air Force emblem, 5% gilded, is embroidered on the crown of the Air Force cap.

5. A sea green wool jacket (in the Air Force - blue, in the Navy - black) with a red plastron (in the Air Force - blue, in the Navy - black), with gold and red piping (in the Air Force - blue, in the Navy - white ) colors, with 5% gilt stitching on the collar and cuffs.

Sleeve insignia according to the branches and branches of the Armed Forces are located on the outer side of the left sleeve of military clothing.

Sleeve insignia for belonging to a specific military formation are located on the outer side of the right sleeve of military clothing.

6. Wool trousers with boots in sea green color (in the Air Force - blue) with red piping (in the Air Force - blue).

Black wool trousers - without edges.

7. Ceremonial belts are worn over:

Ceremonial belts are located:

on woolen coats - between the second and third rows of buttons from the bottom, and at the back they are placed behind the strap;

on woolen jackets - between the first and second rows of buttons from the bottom, and at the back they lie between two rows of uniform buttons, with the help of which the figured posts are fastened.

8. Military personnel must wear items of military uniform of the established type, in good working order, clean and ironed. Trousers must have longitudinal ironed folds (on the front and back halves of the trousers). On other items of military clothing, folds are not ironed out.

Items of military clothing are worn with all buttons fastened.

9. When wearing a military uniform, military shoes must be of the established type, in good condition and cleaned.

10. Options for wearing special ceremonial ceremonial military uniforms by servicemen of the honor guard of the Armed Forces are given in the appendix to these Rules for wearing special ceremonial ceremonial military uniforms by servicemen of the honor guard of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

III. Wearing shoulder straps by military personnel

11. Officers wear:

on coats and woolen tunics - sewn shoulder straps with trapezoidal upper edges, with a button in the upper part, with a field of galun of a special golden weave, with gaps and piping in red (in the Air Force - blue, in the Navy - black) color, with metal insignia golden color of the established pattern.

12. Conscripts wear:

on coats and woolen tunics - sewn shoulder straps with trapezoidal upper edges, with a button in the upper part, with a field of galun of a special golden weave, with longitudinal stripes of red (in the Air Force - blue, in the Navy - white) color, with metal stylized letters " BC" golden color.

MILITARY HISTORICAL JOURNAL

PUBLICATION OF THE MINISTRY OF DEFENSE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

LATEST ISSUE

"Military History Magazine" - No. 8 2018

Aiguillette

Annotation. The article tells about the history of the appearance and rules of wearing such a part of the uniform as aiguillette in the armies of Western Europe and Russia.

Summary . The article tells about the history of appearance and wearing rules in the armies of Western Europe and Russia of such a part of uniform as aiglet.

FROM THE HISTORY OF MILITARY UNITS AND EQUIPMENT

PECHEYKIN Alexander Valerievich- Leading researcher at the Central Border Museum, Candidate of Historical Sciences

AXELBANT

One of the most noticeable details of a modern military ceremonial costume is the aiguillette. The word came to us from German language: Achsel - shoulder, Band - ribbon, braid. This is a braided cord (gold, silver or colored thread) with metal tips, fastened to the right, or less often to the left, shoulder under an epaulette. Despite all its simplicity, this piece of uniform has gone through a considerable historical path of development. One might even say that the origin and original purpose of the aiguillette are very mysterious.

There are two main versions. According to the first, in the 16th century, during the struggle of the Netherlands for independence from Spain, the commander of the Spanish troops ordered captured rebels to be hanged as robbers and rebels. They, in turn, wanting to show their enemies their contempt for both death and the Duke’s threats, began to wear ropes on their shoulders. This version may be quite romantic, but, like other similar interpretations, it is unlikely. Another one looks more acceptable: the aiguillette originates from shoulder straps that were sewn onto the right shoulder of officers' and soldiers' uniforms during the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648) to secure the shoulder belt.

It can also be assumed that the aiguillette appeared by chance. For example, some musketeer tied a spare wick to his gun in this way, which had to be put somewhere during the campaign! Soldiers armed with guns have been known to wrap matchlocks around their waists, carry them over their shoulders, etc.1 Why not place it on the shoulder, creating an intricate knot, especially if the shooter had some artistic view of the world? I liked the idea and the soldier’s colleagues took it up. In the author’s opinion, this version is no worse than others, which derive the aiguillette from the forage ropes worn by cavalrymen in the 16th-17th centuries, from the cords that tightened the sides and shoulder seams of the tunic, etc.

Most likely, as often happens, aiguillette did not have one author, one reason or region of origin. Perhaps the idea of ​​placing a rope braided in a fancy knot with dangling ends on the shoulder appeared approximately simultaneously in a number of countries for different purposes. In any case, when aiguillette was firmly established in Western European armies, it was used for a variety of purposes. Thus, in the British army, by the beginning of the fourth decade of the 18th century, the shoulder cord could be used both to designate a specific military rank, and to attract public attention to a certain branch of the army or even to individual regiments.

In those years, aiguillette was used in France for similar purposes. In 1762, French dragoons, along with green uniforms, received aiguillettes on the right shoulder. True, by 1779 they “lost” them, but that year the uniforms of the newly formed six light cavalry regiments were decorated with aiguillettes. Nine years later they were reorganized into horse-jaeger regiments, whose personnel no longer had the right to aiguillettes. At the same time, aiguillettes were used in a number of line cavalry regiments2.

In Prussia, like France or Great Britain, dragoons were also entitled to aiguillette, but in the infantry it was worn only by soldiers of a number of privileged regiments - guards or those with prominent generals as chiefs, as well as members of the royal family. However, the personnel of the 18th Foot Regiment did not wear aiguillettes, although its chief was almost always Prince Friedrich Wilhelm, heir to the Prussian crown. There were other regiments that had eminent chiefs, but they were not entitled to aiguillettes. At the same time, aiguillettes were worn by foot and horse huntsmen, who received special attention from the king. There were other cases of the use of aiguillettes in the Prussian army3.

The aiguillette became established in Russian military costume in 1762, although it was known back in the era of Peter I. In particular, there are indications that around 1718 aiguillettes were worn by dragoon cornets carrying standards. The first in the Russian army under Peter III to receive aiguillettes were field musketeer regiments and grenadier battalions. Combatant ranks should wear aiguillette on the right shoulder. The color of the aiguillette was supposed to be yellow or white, depending on the color of the buttons of the caftan (now called the uniform). The thread aiguillette, up to 53.25 cm long (3/4 arshin), consisted of three loops, a bow and two ends with copper or tin tips. It was put on with one loop on a button sewn on the right shoulder under the collar. Officers' aiguillettes were gold or silver. Similar orders were prescribed for the guards infantry. At the same time, the Holstein “troops” of the Russian emperor, except for the hussars, also received aiguillettes4. Peter III did not have time to do anything more in this regard.

Only a decade and a half later, under Catherine II, aiguillette became a necessary item in the wardrobe of a Russian warrior. First - as a collective reward, which the author wrote about earlier5. By the highest decree of May 7, 1778*, special insignia, including aiguillettes, were introduced for officers and lower ranks of the Life Grenadier Regiment, which distinguished itself in the war with Turkey. As under Peter III, they were gold for officers, yellow thread for lower ranks, they should have been worn down the arm. A significant difference was the length of the aiguillette - now about 35.3 cm (half an arshin).

The transition to the “Potemkin” uniform was reflected in the manner of hanging aiguillettes - the looped ends were fastened to lapel buttons. Under Paul I, the weaving pattern changed somewhat, again the looped ends were worn lowered along the shoulder, but the life grenadiers retained the very right to wear aiguillettes (lower ranks until September 18, 1802, officers until September 17, 1807)6. Let us recall that the Ekaterinoslav Grenadier Regiment also received the right to wear aiguillette as a reward. True, he lost this distinction immediately after the death of his patron G.A. Potemkin.

During the reign of Catherine II, the formation of the basic rules for using aiguillette in Russian military costume began: not only to celebrate the merits of a military unit, but also to emphasize its special status or the official position of a particular serviceman. In particular, on July 27, 1764, the general's (or "generalite") adjutants and adjutants of the general staff were ordered to wear a gold aiguillette. At the same time, senior adjutants (as they said then, adjutant generals; these positions were occupied by staff officers) were entitled to an infantry uniform with an aiguillette on the right shoulder, junior adjutants (chief officers, they were also called wing adjutants under generals) - on the left. Adjutants attached to cavalry generals initially wore carabinieri uniforms, and from 1776 also dragoon, pikemen or cuirassier uniforms, but always with a gold aielle on the right shoulder.

On September 22, 1775, a permanent group of adjutants was established under the empress, called adjutant wings. Later, all the officers in the emperor’s retinue were called this way. They wore a special uniform with an aiguette on the right shoulder7. In the following decades, almost until 1918, any category of adjutants in the Russian army would be easily recognized by the aiguillette worn on the right shoulder. However, the aiguillette emphasized the special status of not only the serviceman, but also the military unit as a whole.

On July 25, 1778, the carabinieri (“cheaper” version of the heavy cavalry) received a yellow aiguillette on their left shoulder. Having changed into the “Potemkin uniform”, they lost it, but yellow thread aiguillettes were then given to dragoons and cuirassiers, and white ones to soldiers of light horse regiments and horse huntsmen. The horse artillerymen also stood out with a bow made of yellow garus cord mixed with black. This new for Russia and then incredibly prestigious branch of the military was in great fashion, making a fantastic impression not only on military people, but also on the entire capital's high society. Aiguillettes were worn by ranks of the General Staff (quartermaster general, quartermaster general lieutenant, chief quartermasters, divisional quartermasters, column officers**), soldiers of the provision company; around 1780, aiguillettes were worn by generals for everyday wear. However, on March 31, 1790, Prince Potemkin allowed the generals of his army to decorate only caftans without sewing with aiguillettes.

It is curious that in those years the General Staff made an attempt to use aiguillette as an additional way to designate a military rank. On April 6, 1771, a group of escorts to the columns (10 sergeants and 50 captains) was established at the headquarters. Those escorted to the columns of the sergeant rank, unlike their fellow captains, wore an aiguillette made of silver with green silk on their right shoulder. There were other units and units that wore aiguillettes.

Thus, aiguillette was actively used to designate branches of troops or services that were not always assessed fairly by public opinion, but had great importance for the army both in the present and in the near future. In the dismounted units, aiguillettes were not used, I think, due to the relative large number of personnel. Here they, as was said, played the role of a reward. They did without aiguillettes even in cases where the prestige of the service was already high. In particular, the guards uniform, even without aiguillettes, enjoyed great social weight8.

Paul I added a new touch to the practice of using aiguillettes: foot rangers and dragoons received them. After all, in the army of his idol, Frederick the Great, dragoons and foot rangers were entitled to aiguillettes. The assignment of aiguillettes to an entire branch of the army was nothing new compared to the era of his mother, but Pavel Petrovich considered it necessary to grant this detail to the guards officers. It began with the Life Guards of the Semenovsky Regiment; in December 1797, golden aiguillettes appeared on the shoulders of officers of the Life Guards of the Preobrazhensky and Izmailovsky regiments. The ranks of the Life Guards of the Jaeger Battalion received collar-colored aiguillettes, light orange (for officers - gold) by analogy with the army foot rangers, and the officers of the Life Guards of the Garrison Battalion - following the example of their Preobrazhensky colleagues, but made of silver. Towards the end of the reign of Paul I, the ranks of the Cavalry Corps acquired the so-called uniform for use outside of service, the gold aiguillette became a mandatory accessory. Later, gold was replaced by silver; after the corps was reorganized into a regiment, the uniform would be left only to the officers, but the silver aiguillette would remain on it. In April 1800, officers of the Guards Artillery received gold aiguillettes9.

Read the full version of the article in the paper version of the Military Historical Journal and on the website of the Scientific electronic library http: www. library. ru

NOTES

1 Funken L., Funken F. Middle Ages. The Renaissance: Infantry - Cavalry - Artillery / Transl. from fr. M.B. Ivanova. M.: AST; Astrel, 2002. P. 48.

2 In relation to the British and French cavalry of the 18th century. the issues of designating their various categories from a modern point of view are quite confusing and require a separate discussion.

3 Funken L., Funken F. Europe XVIII century: France: royal retinue and infantry. Great Britain and Prussia: infantry / Trans. from fr. I.G. Galkova. M.: AST; Astrel, 2003. pp. 106-109, 118, 119, 124, 125, 130-147; they are. Europe XVIII century: France - Great Britain - Prussia: Cavalry - Artillery. Armies of European countries / Trans. from fr. A.A. Chinese. M.: AST; Astrel, 2003. P. 4-25, 40-54, 64-67, 74, 75; Windrow M. Warrior and Soldier. History of military costume: illustrated encyclopedia / Transl. from English S. Drobyazko. M.: Eksmo, 2010. P. 139, 147, 148,154-56, etc.

4 Letin S.A., Leonov O.G. Russian military costume. From Peter I to Peter III. M.: Russian Knights, 2008. P. 75; Historical description of clothing and weapons of Russian troops. Part 3. M.: Kuchkovo Pole, 2008. P. 73-80, 84-100.

5 Pecheykin A.V.. “To assign a special distinction in uniform...” // Military History. magazine. 2013. No. 9. P. 60-63.

6 Historical description of clothing and weapons of Russian troops. Part 4. M.: Kuchkovo Pole, 2009. P. 59, 60; Part 6. M.: Kuchkovo Pole, 2010. P. 64.

7 Engelhardt L.N. Notes. M.: New Literary Review, 1997. P. 40, 51.

8 Historical description of clothing and weapons of Russian troops. Part 4. M.: Kuchkovo Pole, 2009. P. 67-81, 99-101; Part 5. M.: Kuchkovo Pole, 2009. P. 10-20, 20-34, 56; Leonov O.G.. Russian military costume. The era of Catherine II. M.: Russian Knights, 2010. P. 39-45, 311-348, 355-361, etc.

9 Historical description of clothing and weapons of Russian troops. Part 6. M.: Kuchkovo pole, 2010. P. 81, 95-100; Part 7. M.: Kuchkovo Pole, 2011. P. 26-40.

how to sew aiguillette correctly? Which side and how?

Now, according to the Charter in Russian army The aiguillette is usually sewn under the right shoulder strap - its far edge (less often under the left), to do this, you first need to sew the aiguillette, and then the shoulder strap itself with small stitches so that it does not puff up too much. Its other end is sewn under the collar of the jacket, so that the end of the cartridge is at the level of the lower pocket along the cut.

The main principle is that the aiguillette is sewn under the right shoulder strap (we are talking about a military uniform).

To do this, you will have to rip off the shoulder straps partially or completely.

Then you need to take a loop over the metal tip (cartridge) and sew it under the collar so that the end of the tip is level with the bottom edge of the pocket.

Then you need to fasten the second end of the aiguillette to the shoulder and sew on the shoulder strap.

The concept and word “aiguillette” come from two words Achsel (shoulder) and Band (braid).
That is, these two words mark the features of wearing aiguillette.
Aiguillette refers to military ceremonial clothing. It consists of braided cords that are entwined with silver or gold thread with pointed metal tips.
It is attached to the uniform or jacket.

Rules for sewing aiguillette

1. The aiguillette must be sewn on the right side of the uniform or jacket, under the right shoulder strap.
2. Position the edge of the first outer cord so that it is at a distance of 5 mm from the edge of the shoulder strap, directed towards the sleeve.
3. This outermost cord from the entire aiguette band should pass under the sleeve.
4. The remaining bunch of cords is attached using a metal end under the lapel of the jacket.
To secure them, you need to sew a button under the lapel so that the loop, which is located above the tip, is not visible from behind the lapel when attached to the button.
Sometimes the button is not sewn on to secure it, but the lapel loop itself is sewn to the uniform.
http://lifesguide.ru/kak-prishit-akselbant

And this is how REAL men wear aiguillette

Rules for sewing aiguillette onto a uniform

In order to sew on the aiguillette, you must first rip off part of the shoulder strap near the sleeve. Purchased aiguillettes have a strap. This is a special small cotton fabric that is fixed under the shoulder strap. The strap, or in its absence the aiguette lace itself, is sewn to the shoulder of the uniform at a distance of 5 mm from the edge of the sleeve. Then the shoulder strap itself returns to its place. It is necessary to ensure that it does not become deformed.

The free edge of the aiguillette is sewn under the lapel of the uniform. Sometimes this end has a loop, then it can be secured to a button sewn for this purpose. Some aiguillettes have a cord under the sleeve. In this case, the sleeve of the uniform is threaded through it.

The history of the origin of the aiguillette is rather vague. According to one version, these were originally pieces of rope from a gallows, which the Dutch military used to tease their Spanish opponents. According to another, the aiguillette was invented by officers who attached a pencil to it to their uniform. The word itself has German roots: Achsel is translated as “armpit”, and Band is “braid”.

Aiguillette is worn by many armed forces foreign countries. In Great Britain, the color of the attribute emphasizes rank and position. For example, admirals, marshals, court doctors and priests of the royal family are required to wear aiguillettes made of metallic gold wire. Royal Navy officers wear a dark blue braided aiguillette, the Royal Navy has a light blue one, and others wear a crimson braided braid. Classic white is sewn onto the dress uniform of military musicians.

For the first time in Russia, they began to decorate uniforms with aiguillettes during Russian Empire, since 1762. It was used to distinguish the infantry troops of the grenadier and musketeer battalions. Officers were required to wear aiguillettes with gilded or silver-plated threads.

In 1917, the aiguillette was abolished. It was not used until 1971, when this attribute returned in the form of ceremonial decoration of the uniforms of the honor guard company, ceremonial crews and the military orchestra of the Moscow garrison.

There are two types of aiguillette in the Russian army. One, intended for officers, is worn by marshals, generals, officers, admirals and midshipmen. It has a yellow color, two braided ends and two metal tips. Accordingly, there should be two buttons for attaching loops, one above the other. For sergeants and foremen, as well as soldiers and sailors, the aiguillette should be white and consist of one braided cord with a yellow tip.

Rules for wearing naval uniforms, orders and medals by military personnel of the Navy. 1952

NAVAL MINISTRY OF THE UNION OF THE USSR
NAVAL PUBLISHING HOUSE OF THE NAVAL MINISTRY OF THE UNION OF THE USSR. Moscow - 1952

ORDER OF THE NAVY MINISTER OF THE UNION OF THE USSR No. 170

1. Approve and put into effect the announced “Rules for wearing naval uniforms, orders and medals by military personnel of the Navy.”
Study the rules with the personnel and demand their strict and precise implementation.
2. Previously issued orders and directives on the rules for wearing naval uniforms, orders and medals should not be followed.

(According to the Naval General Staff)

CHAPTER I. GENERAL PROVISIONS.

1. All military personnel in the ranks of the Navy USSR and those wearing naval uniforms are required to wear it in accordance with these rules.

2. The right to wear a uniform is enjoyed by:

a) all military personnel in active naval service;
b) admirals, generals and officers of the Naval Forces, enlisted in the reserve or retired with the right to wear uniforms;
c) conscripts of the Navy called up for regular and extraordinary training - for the duration of the training.

3. Petty officers (sergeants) and sailors of the Navy, discharged to the reserve or completely from service, have the right to wear items of uniform, but without insignia, emblems, ribbons for caps, uniform buttons and badges for waist belts, which must be withdrawn on the day of registration of the dismissed person at the military commissariat at the place of residence.

4. All items of uniform and equipment must correspond to their descriptions and drawings, be neatly fitted and always be in good and tidy condition.
Wearing unspecified insignia and jewelry is not permitted.
Metal fittings of clothing and equipment should always be cleaned to a shine.
Alteration of items of the established uniform, leading to its distortion, intentional damage and loss of items of uniform through the fault of military personnel are prosecuted in court or disciplinary proceedings, with the persons who caused the damage held liable.

5. Military personnel must always be in uniform, clean and neatly dressed.
When visiting military authorities, military personnel are required to wear only the prescribed uniform.

6. Mixing the established uniform with civilian, sanatorium and hospital clothing, as well as wearing uniform items made from fabrics not provided for by clothing supply standards, is prohibited.

7. Commanders and superiors are obliged to instill in their subordinates respect for the uniform they wear and demand compliance with the rules for wearing it. neat maintenance and savings.

CHAPTER II. TYPES OF NAVAL CLOTHING UNIFORM AND ITS APPLICATION.

8. Navy uniforms vary depending on the season and purpose.

9. According to the time of year, clothing is divided into summer and winter.

10. The period for wearing summer uniforms is established by the commanders of fleets and flotillas, commanders of naval bases, senior naval commanders (chiefs of garrisons) based on the climatic conditions of the ship’s navigation or the base of the unit.
Note. The period for wearing summer uniforms in the Navy is usually set from May 1 to October 1.

11. According to purpose, the uniform is divided into:

Front door;
- everyday for the building;
- everyday out of order.

12. For ease of notification, each of the above forms, depending on the combination of uniform items, is divided by numbers, as indicated in tables 5-9.

13. Uniform numbers are announced for every day:

Headquarters of fleets, flotillas and naval bases;
- senior naval commanders (chiefs of garrisons);
- seniors on raids;
- commanders of formations of ships on a voyage;
- commanders of ships on a separate voyage.
When announcing clothing uniform numbers, the purpose of the uniform and temperature conditions are taken into account.
Depending on the weather conditions, the dress code announced for the day may change during the day.

14. Wearing a uniform according to the announced number is mandatory:

For all military personnel while in service;
- for all military personnel when performing duties in the service of ship orders and orders for internal, garrison and guard services;
- for all military personnel wearing the uniform established for ordinary personnel - in all cases;
- for all military personnel, if there is a special instruction.

15. With the declared uniform No. 1 and No. 2 (white tunic and white trousers, white tunic and black trousers), admirals, generals and officers are allowed to wear a black casual jacket.
When announcing, in accordance with Article 14 of the Rules, the compulsory wearing of uniforms No. 1 and No. 2, officers are allowed to wear dark blue work jackets when working in their office premises.

16. Headquarters and officials referred to in Art. 13 of these rules, when they announce the numbers of uniforms, as well as admirals, generals, officers and petty officers (sergeants) wearing the uniform established for officers, when choosing uniforms for various occasions, they are guided by the following:

Dress uniform is worn:

a) at parades and inspection reviews;
b) when lined up for a meeting: Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, Generalissimo of the Soviet Union, Minister of the Navy of the USSR, Minister of War of the USSR, member of the Main Naval Council, Chief of the Naval General Staff, Chief of the General Headquarters of the Soviet Army, Deputy Naval and Military Ministers of the USSR, Fleet Admirals, Marshals of the Soviet Union, Ambassadors Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary and Envoys of the USSR, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the Union Republic and Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Union Republic, in the waters and territories of which it is located ship (part);
c) when launching ships, when raising the Naval flag (when the ship enters service);
d) when presenting banners, guards and order naval flags and awards to a ship or unit;
e) upon appointment to the honor guard;
f) when taking the military oath;
g) on ​​official anniversaries, gala evenings, on revolutionary, state, military holidays and holidays of ships (units).

Casual uniform for the formation is worn:

a) when performing duties in the service of ship orders and orders for internal, garrison and guard services, except for being on the guard of honor, when it is necessary to be in full dress uniform;
b) during drills and tactical exercises in the field as directed by the commander of the ship (unit);

c) in special cases - as directed by the commander of the ship (unit). Casual clothing outside of duty is worn:

a) at work;
b) during training sessions;
c) at official meetings and meetings;
d) during official training at headquarters and institutions;
e) in free time from classes and work - on a ship, in a unit.

1. When visiting public places and shows (theaters, clubs, etc.), admirals, generals, officers, petty officers (sergeants) wearing the uniform established for officers are only allowed to wear a jacket, casual or dress uniform.
2. When working on ships, in units, docks, workshops and factories, officers and petty officers (sergeants) wearing the uniform established for officers are allowed to wear blue cotton work jackets. It is prohibited to appear in a blue cotton jacket in the city.
3. For military personnel on guard duty, the uniform is set to one number higher than announced.

17. Admirals, generals, officers and petty officers (sergeants) wearing the uniform established for off-duty officers are allowed to wear white trousers when wearing a jacket every day in the summer.

18. Female military personnel wear the uniform established for them in relation to these rules - without a dagger.

CHAPTER III. ABOUT WEARING NAVAL UNIFORMS.

ABOUT HEADS.

19. The cap of admirals, generals, officers and petty officers (sergeants) of long-term service is worn straight.

20. A peaked cap is worn by sailors and petty officers (sergeants) in conscript service and is put on so that the lower edge of the band is the width of one or two fingers placed horizontally above the eyebrows, and has a slight slope to the right side of the head. It is prohibited to move the cap to the back of the head.
The center of the star should be on a vertical line passing through the middle of the forehead.

21. The hat with ear flaps is put on directly without shifting on the side and on the back of the head. With the backrest down, the headphones should be tied with ribbons under the chin. The emblem (star) is attached exactly in the middle of the cap visor.

22. The removed headdress is held in the left freely lowered hand with the emblem (star) forward, according to the Armed Forces Drill Regulations.

1. During the period of time announced for the summer uniform, all personnel of the Navy wear a white cap or a summer cap with a white cap on their caps. Admirals and generals, with a cream-colored woolen jacket, wear a cap cover made of the same fabric as the jacket.
2. Wearing ribbons of an unspecified type - moire or with an embroidered pattern is prohibited.
3. In formation, all personnel must wear either hats or caps.

ABOUT OUTERWEAR.

23. Overcoat - for admirals, generals, officers and petty officers (non-commissioned officers) wearing the uniform established for officers, always put on sleeves and fastened:

a) in the ranks and when performing duties in the service of ship orders and orders for internal, garrison and guard services - always on the hook and all buttons;
b) out of order - optionally on all buttons or on the bottom four buttons. In the latter case, the upper corners of both sides of the overcoat are turned away in the form of lapels, and the hook on the collar of the overcoat remains unfastened.
The overcoat is fastened in all cases only with buttons on the starboard side.
IN winter period while out of formation and free from serving on ship's orders and orders for internal, garrison and guard duty, admirals, generals, officers and petty officers (sergeants) wearing the uniform established for officers are allowed to wear a black astrakhan collar on their overcoat.

24. The overcoat of enlisted personnel is put on in sleeves and is always worn fastened with all hooks. Over the overcoat it is obligatory to wear a waist belt, placed behind the strap at the back and fastened at the front with a buckle between the fourth and fifth buttons, counting from the top. The middle of the badge should be exactly in line with the buttons of the overcoat.
When wearing an overcoat, it is mandatory to wear a black cloth tie with a bib and a white collar.

25. A summer coat is always worn with sleeves and fastened with three or four buttons if desired.
Note. The backs of summer overcoats and coats must be embroidered.

26. The peacoat is always worn with sleeves and fastened with a hook and all buttons. When wearing a pea coat, it is mandatory to wear a black cloth tie with a bib and a white collar.

27. Casual and dress jackets are worn buttoned up with all the buttons.

28. White and dark blue jackets are worn fastened with hooks and buttons.
When wearing a dark blue jacket, it is mandatory to wear a white collar with its upper edge extending 1-2 mm above the collar of the jacket.

29. On jackets (black and white) and dark blue jackets, braids (as appropriate) and sleeve buttons are worn.

30. When wearing a flannel shirt, be sure to wear a uniform collar turned outward.
Uniform and flannel shirts must be ironed and have no ironed folds.
Uniform and flannel shirts are tucked into trousers with gathers on the sides, without an overlap at the front of the waistband.
At an outside temperature of + 25°C and above, a marine sweatshirt (vest) is not worn.
In cold weather, warm underwear is worn as ordered.
The waist belt is worn over the trousers and fastened with a buckle in the front so that the middle of it falls on the front seam of the trousers.

31. The flaps of the pockets of an overcoat, summer coat, tunic and jacket must always be released outward.

ABOUT UNDERWEAR, COLLARS AND TIES.

32. When wearing formal or casual jackets, it is mandatory to wear a white shirt with sewn or fastened white cuffs and collars. Wearing colored shirts, collars and cuffs is prohibited.

33. When wearing formal and casual jackets, it is mandatory to wear a black tie, tied with a bow with long ends that are tucked under the vest or grabbed with a special clip so that they always lie vertically and do not get out of the way. Wearing ties of other colors is prohibited.

34. When wearing an overcoat and a summer coat, established for officers, outside the ranks and performing duties in the service of ship outfits and outfits for internal, guard and garrison services, it is allowed to wear a muffler only in white or black.

35. When wearing a sweater, the latter should be worn so that its collar does not protrude from under the collar of the jacket. When going to sea or flying, the sweater collar is allowed to be worn over the collar of the jacket.

ABOUT WEARING WORK AND SPECIAL CLOTHING.

36. When working and practicing on ships, in units, docks, factories and workshops, petty officers, sergeants and sailors are allowed to wear the prescribed work dress.
The work shirt is put on over the naval vest with the obligatory release of the uniform collar outside. The work shirt does not tuck into the trousers.
When wearing work dress, foremen and sailors on ships are allowed to wear a blue beret (if required) with a star of the established pattern instead of a cap.
Wearing a work dress outside the ship (part) and the shore base of your unit is allowed:

When following in formation for work carried out outside the location of the ship (part), or coastal base;
- when receiving ammunition, property, food from warehouses and in other cases - by order.

Military personnel wearing inventory items of uniform are only allowed to be on ships, in units and at airfields on days of flight and work on the materiel.

ABOUT WEARING SHOES AND GLOVES.

37. When wearing uniform, military personnel wear boots (low shoes) only in black or white.
Note. Black low shoes are allowed to be worn only with dark-colored socks by admirals, generals, officers and petty officers (sergeants) wearing the uniform established for officers when out of formation and performing duties in the service of ship orders and orders for internal, garrison and guard services.
Black shoes are worn with all forms of clothing that include black trousers; white shoes are worn by admirals, generals, officers and petty officers (sergeants) wearing the uniform established for officers with white trousers.
The rest of the military personnel, when leaving for the city (on shore), with white trousers, can wear black or white shoes, in all other cases they must wear black shoes.
When wearing white shoes, wear light-colored socks.
Wearing white shoes with black trousers and work clothes is prohibited.
Admirals, generals and officers are allowed to wear black patent leather shoes.
Wearing black and white low shoes with slits, pierced ornaments and designs is prohibited.
On ships in the summer, when not in formation or performing ship duties, it is permitted to wear sandals and sports shoes by special order.

38. Wearing rubber and leather boots, felt boots and fur boots is permitted in the cold season only on ships and in units during watch and guard duty, on flight days and when working on the materiel, as well as when working on special orders.

39. Gloves are worn in the following cases:

When wearing full dress uniform;
- when wearing everyday uniforms for formation as directed by the command.

In other cases, gloves are worn optionally, while white gloves are worn:

In full dress uniform;
- in casual wear, when wearing a white jacket;
- in some cases - by special order of the command.

For other forms of clothing, gloves are worn in wool, cotton, leather, black or steel color. In formation, all personnel must wear gloves of the same color.

CHAPTER IV. WEARING SPORTS CLOTHES AND COMMON DRESS.

40. Sportswear and shoes on ships and in units are allowed to be worn during the period of time allocated for sports activities and competitions, only by those participating in them.
Wearing panties on ships in the summer is permitted at any time of the day for all personnel during the time allotted for swimming and washing clothes, as well as upon a signal from the senior officer in the roadstead (flagship officer), and on a separate voyage with the permission of the ship’s commander.

41. Wearing civilian dress is permitted:

Admirals, generals, officers, as well as petty officers (sergeants) of long-term service in their free time from duty and only outside the ship (unit).

Wearing civilian dress on ships and in units is prohibited.
Officers, petty officers (sergeants) of long-term service living on ships (in units), when leaving for the city and returning from the city, are allowed to be in civilian dress only for the time necessary for leaving and returning, without the right to enter office premises.

42. Admirals, generals, officers, petty officers (sergeants) on long-term service outside the ranks and performing duties in the service of ship orders and orders for internal garrison and guard duty are allowed to wear galoshes.

43. Wearing raincoats, umbrellas, canes, rings, rings and other jewelry, chains (belts) from pocket watches over a tunic and jacket, as well as pencils and pens with the ends protruding from the outer pocket is not permitted.

CHAPTER V. MARKS OF DISTINCTION.

Shoulder straps and shoulder straps on navy uniforms.

44. Shoulder straps and shoulder straps serve to determine military rank and affiliation with the branch (service) of the Navy.
Along the contour, the shoulder straps are hexagons (for petty officers, sergeants, privates and cadets - pentagons) with parallel long sides. The lower end of the shoulder strap is rectangular, and the upper end of the officer's shoulder strap is cut off so that four corners are formed, with the upper side of the shoulder strap being parallel to the bottom; The upper part of the shoulder strap of petty officers, sergeants, privates and cadets is cut at an obtuse angle.
Shoulder straps and shoulder straps are made of cloth and can be hard, semi-hard or soft.
Hard and semi-hard shoulder straps - for admirals, generals, officers, as well as for petty officers (sergeants) wearing the uniform established for officers;
soft - for the rest of the petty officers (sergeants) and sailors, for cadets of naval schools, students of Nakhimov schools, as well as for cabin boys.
On jackets, overcoats and summer coats of admirals, generals, officers and petty officers (sergeants) wearing the uniform established for officers, sewn shoulder straps are worn. It is allowed to wear sewn shoulder straps on jackets.

45. The shoulder straps of admirals, generals and officers at the edges, except for the bottom, have piping of the same color as the gaps of the braid of the shoulder straps, with the exception of the shoulder straps of medical service officers, which have a red piping and the gaps of the braid are green.

46. ​​According to the military rank and branch (service) of the Navy, stars, stripes, emblems and letters are placed on the shoulder straps, the latter only on the shoulder straps of petty officers, sergeants and enlisted personnel.

47. Shoulder straps and shoulder straps are worn on all types of uniforms. Shoulder straps replace shoulder straps on flannel, uniform and work shirts. The sizes of shoulder straps and shoulder straps are shown in table. 1.

Shoulder straps are not worn on items of inventory workwear (leather coats, storm suits, guard sheepskin coats, raincoats, etc.).

EMAILS OF ADMIRALS AND GENERALS.

48. Shoulder straps made of cloth with braids of a special pattern sewn along them made of gilded or silver wire.
Five-pointed stars of two types are embroidered on top of the braid of the shoulder straps: on the shoulder straps of admirals - gold-colored, embroidered with gimp, with bunches of black rays emerging from under them and red convex pentagons in the middle, in which anchors are embroidered in black silk; for generals, on shoulder straps with gilded thread galloons, silver-colored stars are embroidered with thread, and on shoulder straps with silver thread galloons, gold-colored stars. The color of the shoulder strap elements is shown in the table. 2.

The number of stars corresponds to military ranks:

Admiral (Colonel General) -3 stars;
- vice admiral (lieutenant general) - 2 stars;
- rear admiral (major general) - 1 star.

The stars are located on the longitudinal center lines of the shoulder strap in the following order: with one star, its center is 50 mm away from the lower edge of the shoulder strap; with two stars, the center of the lower star is 25 mm from the lower edge of the shoulder strap, and the center of the second star is 25 mm higher than the center of the lower star, the next star with its center is located 25 mm above the center of the previous star.

49. On the shoulder straps of the fleet admiral, the coat of arms of the Soviet Union is embroidered in the upper part, and below the coat of arms, a gold five-pointed star measuring 50 mm is embroidered with bunches of black rays emerging from under it and with a red pentagon in the middle, on which an anchor is embroidered in black silk.

50. Gilded emblems are placed on the shoulder straps of the admirals of the engineering and naval service, as well as on the shoulder straps of the generals of the engineering, technical and medical services and justice. The emblem on the shoulder straps of artillery generals and major generals of the veterinary service is silver.
The emblem is located on the longitudinal center line of the shoulder strap at a distance of 55 mm from the top edge to the bottom edge of the emblem.

51. Buttons on shoulder straps and items of uniform are metal, with the image of a coat of arms superimposed on two crossed anchors. The color of the buttons is the same as the color of the braid of the shoulder straps.

EMAILS OF SENIOR AND JUNIOR OFFICERS.

(Figures 23-78 and 90-113).

52. Shoulder straps made of cloth with braids of a special pattern sewn along them made of gilded or silver wire.
The shoulder straps of senior officers have two gaps; there is one gap on the shoulder straps of junior officers.
Metal pentagonal stars are applied to the shoulder straps (it is allowed to embroider with gimp): on shoulder straps with braid made of gilded wire - silver, and on shoulder straps with braid made of silver wire - gold.
The number and location of stars correspond to military ranks:

Captain 1st rank (colonel) - 3 stars;
- captain 2nd rank (lieutenant colonel) - 2 stars;
- captain 3rd rank (major) - 1 star;
- lieutenant commander (captain) -4 stars;
- senior lieutenant - 3 stars;
- lieutenant - 2 stars;
- junior lieutenant - 1 star.

The color of the shoulder strap elements and the location of the stars on them are shown in the table. 2 and 3.

During the publication of the Rules, the following changes were introduced: generals of the engineering, technical and commissariat services were given shoulder straps made of gold wire and crimson edgings. The color of the shoulder straps of generals of the engineering and technical service serving in aviation is blue. The color of the stars on the shoulder straps is silver, the buttons are gold.

Officers of the engineering and technical service serving on ships and in the headquarters of ship formations are given the insignia of naval service officers with the obligatory wearing of a silver emblem on their shoulder straps, depicting a gear with a three-blade propeller superimposed on it.
In this regard, paragraph 50 should be read as follows:
“Gilded emblems are applied to the shoulder straps of the admirals of the engineering and naval department, as well as to the shoulder straps of the generals of the medical services and justice. The emblem on the shoulder straps of the artillery generals, engineering, technical and veterinary services is silver.”

Notes:
* On the shoulder straps of engineering and technical service officers with higher education and serving in aviation units, wear an emblem in the form of an image of horizontal wings with an aircraft engine and propeller superimposed on them. A five-pointed star is placed in the center of the image. The rest of the engineering and technical service officers with higher education wear emblems on their shoulder straps - a crossed hammer and an adjustable wrench.
** On the shoulder straps of engineering and technical service officers serving in aviation units, the color of the piping and gaps is blue.

Table 3. Distance from the bottom edge of the shoulder strap to the centers of the stars.

53. On the shoulder straps of officers of the engineering and technical service with higher education, medical service and justice, gold emblems are applied.
The emblems on the shoulder straps of officers of the naval engineering and veterinary services, as well as on the shoulder straps of officers who graduated from artillery schools, classes or academies, are silver.
The emblems are located on the longitudinal center line of the shoulder strap at a distance of 55 mm from its upper edge to the lower edge of the emblem.

54. Buttons on shoulder straps and items of uniform are metal, with the image of an anchor. The color of the buttons is the same as the color of the braid of the shoulder straps.

55. Distinctive insignia are sewn on the shoulder straps of admirals, generals and senior officers transferred to the reserve or into retirement (Fig. 114-117).
The distinctive sign on the shoulder straps of admirals, generals and senior officers transferred to the reserve is a strip of galloon 28 mm wide, sewn across the shoulder strap at its lower end. On the shoulder strap with braid made of gilded wire there is a strip of braid made of silver wire, on the shoulder strap with braid made of silver wire there is a strip of braid made of gilded wire.

56. The distinctive sign on the shoulder straps of admirals, generals and senior officers who have been dismissed is a strip of galloon 28 mm wide, sewn across the shoulder strap at its lower end. On the shoulder strap with braid made of gilded wire there is a strip of braid made of silver wire, on the shoulder strap with braid made of silver wire there is a strip of braid made of gilded wire.
The silver wire braid has a gold-colored zigzag, and the gilded wire braid has a silver-colored zigzag.
On the shoulder straps of admirals and generals, the zigzag is located across the entire width of the braid, and on the shoulder straps of senior officers - along the middle part of the braid.

Shoulder straps and shoulder straps for petty officers, sergeants, sailors, cabin boys, cadets and students of the NAVAL AND NAKHIMOV SCHOOLS.

57. Shoulder straps for overcoats, pea coats and tunics and shoulder straps for flannel shirts are made of black cloth, and shoulder straps for uniforms and work shirts are made of uniform-colored material. The color of shoulder straps and shoulder straps for naval aviation is blue.
According to the military rank, stripes made of metal braid or golden-colored silk braid are sewn on shoulder straps and shoulder straps in width: wide - 30 mm and narrow - 10 mm. Shoulder straps and shoulder straps of sailors and cabin boys without stripes.

58. The order of placement of stripes on shoulder straps is as follows:

a) for midshipmen - along the shoulder strap so that the longitudinal center line of the stripe is on the longitudinal center line of the shoulder strap, forming an edging of 2.5 mm at the upper edges of the shoulder strap;
b) for chief petty officers (senior sergeants) - across the shoulder strap at a distance of 40 mm from the upper corner of the shoulder strap to the upper edge of the patch;
c) for senior sailors, foremen of the 1st and 2nd articles (junior sergeants, sergeants) - across the shoulder strap at a distance of 40 mm from the top edge of the shoulder strap to the top edge of the first stripe. Subsequent stripes are located below the first with 2 mm gaps between them.

59. On the shoulder straps of senior sailors, foremen of the 1st and 2nd articles (sergeants, junior sergeants), the stripes are located parallel to the lower edge of the shoulder strap at a distance of 8 mm from it to the lower edge of the first stripe. Subsequent stripes are located above the first with 2 mm gaps between them.

60. On the shoulder straps of senior officers (except for midshipmen) and enlisted personnel, as well as on the shoulder straps of sailors (except for senior officers) and cabin boys, letters are stenciled with yellow paint to indicate the fleet (flotilla), which includes the ship (unit) where the serviceman serves (Table 4).

Table 4. Letters painted on shoulder straps and shoulder straps.

61. The letters are painted so that the line on which they are located is 20 mm from the bottom edge of the shoulder strap, and 5 mm from the bottom edge of the shoulder strap. The height of the letters is 40 mm.

62. Shoulder straps for military personnel wearing the uniform established for enlisted personnel are sewn at the lower ends into the shoulder seams of the sleeves of overcoats and pea coats. The upper ends of the shoulder straps are fastened with a button sewn at the collar.

63. Shoulder straps and shoulder straps for cadets and students of naval schools are the same in color and material as for enlisted personnel. Metal anchors of a special design are placed on the shoulder straps and shoulder straps of all cadets. Anchor dimensions along the longitudinal center line: on shoulder straps - 60 mm, on shoulder straps - 43 mm.
The anchors are located along the center line of the shoulder straps and shoulder straps at a distance: on shoulder straps - 10 mm, on shoulder straps - 3.5 mm from the bottom edge.
The letters on cadets' shoulder straps and shoulder straps are not painted on.
64. On the shoulder straps and shoulder straps of students of the Nakhimov naval schools, the letter “N” is stenciled with yellow paint in a special design, and on the shoulder straps for the ceremonial flannel shirt, the letter “N” is embroidered with yellow silk.

65. The color of stripes and anchors on the shoulder straps and shoulder straps of cadets of naval schools graduating officers of the naval and naval engineering services, as well as cadets of the coastal artillery school is gold.

66. The color of the stripes and anchors on the shoulder straps and shoulder straps of other cadets is silver or gold, depending on the training profile.
The color of the buttons for the shoulder straps is the same as the color of the anchor.

67. Shoulder straps are edged on all sides except the bottom; shoulder straps are edged on all four sides with edging 2 mm wide. The shoulder straps for uniform and work shirts are not edged.

68. Colored edgings on shoulder straps and shoulder straps are installed:

a) white - for cadets of higher naval schools graduating officers of the naval and naval engineering services, as well as students of the Nakhimov naval schools;
b) red - for cadets of the Coastal Defense School and the Naval Medical School.

The edgings on the shoulder straps and shoulder straps of the remaining cadets are crimson or black, depending on their training profile.

69. Shoulder straps for sergeants and enlisted personnel of coastal units and aviation wearing naval uniforms are the same as for the corresponding branches of the Soviet Army. In this case, the shoulder straps on flannel shirts are edged on all sides with the same edging as the shoulder straps, and the letters on the shoulder straps and shoulder straps are superimposed in accordance with Table. 4.
Note. The shoulder straps of military personnel of naval units who have been assigned the general army uniform are set to the same as for the corresponding branches of the Soviet Army.
The letters on the shoulder straps are painted in accordance with the table. 4. Buttons on shoulder straps and uniform items are of a general army type.

SLEEVE BADGES OF DIFFERENCE FOR ADMIRALS AND OFFICERS OF THE SHIP AND NAVAL ENGINEERING SERVICES.

70. Sleeve insignia are gold-colored braid.
According to the assigned military rank, the number of braids is established:

Fleet Admiral - one wide and four medium;
- admiral - one wide and three medium;
- vice admiral - one wide and two medium;
- rear admiral - one wide and one medium;
- captain 1st rank - one wide;
- captain 2nd rank - four averages;
- captain 3rd rank - three averages;
- captain-lieutenant - two medium and one narrow;
- senior lieutenant - two middle ones;
- lieutenant - one medium and one narrow;
- junior lieutenant - one intermediate.

71. Braids are sewn only on jackets and dark blue jackets (except for cotton ones) on the outside of both sleeves parallel to their lower edges, 80 mm long (the length of braids on a front jacket is 100 mm).
The distance from the top line of the jacket cuff to the bottom edge of the bottom braid is 7 mm; The braid on the jacket is sewn in the same place as on the jacket.
The gaps between the braids are 5 mm. Narrow braids are sewn over wider ones. Width of galloons: wide - 30 mm, medium - 13 mm, narrow - 6 mm.

72. Five-pointed stars are sewn above the braid: for admirals - with a diameter of 50 mm, made of material in the color of the uniform, with a edging of gilded gimp in the center of the star, a crossed sickle and hammer are embroidered with gilded gimp, for officers - with a diameter of 30 mm, embroidered with gilded gimp. The stars are sewn with the point up at a distance of 30 mm from the top edge of the braid to the center of the star.

73. Sleeve insignia - braids are sewn directly onto sleeves or onto rectangular flaps, sewn from the same material as the piece of uniform; the valves, in turn, are sewn to the sleeves. The width of the flap is 80 mm, on the front jacket it is 100 mm.

SLEEVE CHEVRONS FOR EXTRA-TERM SERVICE.

74. Sleeve chevrons, which are gold-colored braids curved at an angle of 80°, are installed for petty officers, sergeants and sailors of long-term service. Sleeve chevrons are sewn on the left sleeve of overcoats, pea coats, tunics, jackets, flannel and uniform shirts with corners down, above the elbow at a distance of 30 mm from it and to the corner of the chevron, the rest up from the first, parallel to it, with gaps of 5 mm between the chevrons along a perpendicular line.

75. Chevrons are sewn onto flaps made of material in the color of the uniform, which in turn are sewn to the sleeve, as indicated above. The number of chevrons is established: for 15 years of long-term service and above - three; for 10 years of extended service and above - two; for 5 years of extended service and above - one. The width of the chevron braid is 13 mm, the distance between the ends of the chevrons (in solution) is 80 mm. The length of the sides of the chevrons is 60 mm.

SLEEVE BADGES BY SPECIALTY (STATES).

76. To distinguish foremen, sergeants and sailors by specialty, special sleeve insignia (staffs) are established, worn on the left sleeve of overcoats, pea coats, tunics, jackets, and flannel shirts. Sleeve insignia are sewn above the elbow at a distance of 30 mm from it, and when wearing sleeve chevrons for long-term service, above them.

77. The badge is a circle made of material in the color of the uniform, embroidered along the edge for midshipmen and chief petty officers (corresponding to them) with gold-colored silk; for the rest of the foremen, sergeants and sailors - with a red thread. In the middle of the circle there are images embroidered with red thread:

a) for helmsmen - the helm;
b) for navigator electricians - cards with a gyrocompass in the middle, from under which zigzag arrows emerge;
c) for rangefinders and sighters - a rangefinder;
d) for gunners of all types, machine gunners, gunsmiths, gunsmiths and mortarmen - two crossed gun bodies;
e) for artillery electricians of all types - the body of the gun, with zigzag arrows superimposed on it;
f) for meteorological service specialists - an anemometer;
g) for miners - mines bordered with minrep;
h) for torpedo gunners - gears with a horizontally located torpedo coming out from under it;
i) for torpedo and mine electricians - a vertically located torpedo, with zigzag arrows on the sides;
j) for radio operators of all types, hydroacoustics and radio equipment specialists - anchors with zigzag arrows superimposed on them;
k) for telegraph operators of all types, electricians-communicators, telephone operators and telephone and telegraph technicians - crossed zigzag arrows;
l) for signalmen - two crossed signal flags;
m) for personnel of the radio technical service - radio waves with crossed zigzag arrows emerging from under them;
o) for divers - a diving helmet;
o) for boiler room operators of all types - a valve flywheel with two crossed screws coming out from under it;
p) for bilge operators - a valve flywheel with crossed fire hose trunks superimposed on it;
c) for machinists of all types - a valve flywheel with a three-blade propeller superimposed on it;
r) for motorists of all types - gears with an electric motor in the middle;
y) for electricians of all types - a spotlight with a stand and crossed zigzag arrows emerging from under it;
t) for chemists - two crossed cylinders with hoses and a gas mask placed on them;
x) for boatswains - an anchor bordered by an anchor chain;
c) for musicians and buglers - lyres;
w) for storekeepers of all types, clerks and cooks - Admiralty anchors;
w) for orderlies and nurses - the Red Cross.
The diameter of the sign together with the edging is 60 mm, the width of the edging is 5 mm.

78. Petty officers, sergeants and sailors of other specialties not mentioned above do not wear sleeve insignia (states).

SLEEVE BADGES OF DIFFERENCE FOR CADETS AND STUDENTS OF NAVAL SCHOOLS BY COURSES OF TRAINING.

79. Sleeve insignia for courses of study - angles are gold (silver) colored braids, curved in the middle at an angle of 125°, sewn on the left sleeve of overcoats, pea coats, flannel and uniform shirts of cadets and students of naval schools.

80. The angles are sewn at an angle downwards, above the elbow, at a distance of 30 mm from it to the corner of the first angle, the rest upwards from the first, parallel to it, with gaps between the braids along a perpendicular line of 5 mm. The width of the braid is for cadets of basic schools - 13 mm (for students of Nakhimov schools - 6 mm). The length of the sides of the square is 30 mm.

The number of angles is set:

5th year cadets - five;
for 4th year cadets - four;
for 3rd year cadets and 10th grade students - three;
for 2nd year cadets and 9th grade students - two;
1st year cadets and 8th grade students have one.

81. Five-pointed stars embroidered with gold (silver) thread are sewn above the squares.
The stars are sewn at a distance of 40 mm from the corner of the upper square to the center of the star. Star diameter - 30 mm. Pupils of Nakhimov schools do not wear stars.

82. The angles are sewn onto flaps made of material in the color of the uniform, which in turn are sewn to the sleeves, as indicated above.

83. The color of the squares and the stars above them: for cadets of naval schools graduating officers of the naval, engineering and naval service, cadets of the coastal defense school - gold; for other cadets - silver or gold, depending on their training profile; for students of Nakhimov schools - made of red cloth.

SLEEVE BADGE OF THE MARINE CORPS.

84. The sleeve insignia of the Marine Corps personnel is an image of an Admiralty anchor intertwined with a rope, and is sewn on the left sleeve 30 mm above the elbow.

85. The badge is embroidered for officers of marine corps units with thread of the same color as the braided shoulder straps (gold or silver), for sergeants and enlisted personnel - with golden thread (wearing stamped metal is allowed).

Main dimensions of the sign:

height of anchor with rope - 60 mm;
anchor height with eye - 57 mm;
rod length - 26 mm;
the spacing between the toes of the paws is 28 mm;
length of the outer side of the sock - 10 mm;
the distance from the heel of the anchor to the end of the toe is 27 mm.

86. The badge is worn by all military personnel of the Marine Corps units on all items of uniform, except for work and inventory clothing issued for short-term use (sheepskin coats, raincoats, etc.).

SLEEVE INDICATORS FOR THE NUMBER OF WOUNDS.

87. The badge is a rectangle made of fabric in the color of the uniform, on which horizontal stripes of silk braid 5 mm wide and 43 mm long are sewn.

Each wound is indicated by a strip sewn onto a rectangle:

In case of severe injury - golden color;
- with a slight wound - dark red.

The strips are sewn from bottom to top in order of injury. The length of the rectangle corresponds to the length of the strips, and its width depends on the number of the latter. The gaps between the strips are 3 mm.
The badge is worn on the right sleeve of the upper items of naval uniform at a distance of 10 cm from the shoulder seam to the bottom stripe, and the stripes are located across the sleeve. On items of work and inventory workwear issued for short-term use, the number of wounds sign is not worn.
Note. On the general army uniform, the sign of the number of wounds is worn, as established for the Soviet Army.

CHAPTER VI. INSIGNIA OF DIFFERENCE ON HAT GEARS SEWING ON CAPS AND COLLARS OF CEREMODE JUKETS.

EMBLEM FOR OFFICER CAPS (HATS).

88. The emblem consists of a gilded (silver) metal anchor, intertwined with rope, superimposed on a convex pad of black velvet, bordered by a double ribbed metal rim of the same color as the anchor; a five-pointed metal star with rays covered with ruby-red enamel and a white circle in the middle, which depicts a crossed hammer and sickle of gold color; a wreath of ears of grain, embroidered with gold (silver) thread and tied at the bottom with a ribbon with red piping at the edges.

89. The emblem is mounted on black cloth so that the wreath frames the pad with the anchor, tightly fitting its inner edges to the outer edge of its rim, and the ends of the upper ears rest against the star, opposite its center, placed above the eye of the anchor and lying with its two lower rays on edge of the pad's rim.

Main dimensions of the emblem:

anchor height with rope - 22 mm;
the distance between the ends of the toes of the anchor arms is 15 mm;
outside diameter rim - 23 mm;
internal diameter of the rim - 17 mm;
star diameter - 24 mm;
height of the emblem with a star - 55 mm;
The maximum width of the emblem is 55 mm.

The color of the emblem is the same as the color of the shoulder straps. The color of the star rays of the emblem is always red. The emblem is worn on the caps and caps of admirals, generals, officers, midshipmen and foremen of long-term service.

90. On the band of the ceremonial cap of the fleet admiral is placed the emblem established for the officers, with the addition of two oak leaves made of gilded tinsel on both sides (the contours of oak leaves and veins are with sparkles). The total sewing length is 140mm (Fig. 238).

91. On the band of the ceremonial cap of admirals and generals is placed the emblem established for the officers, with the addition of two oak leaves of gilded (silver) gimp on both sides, veins of oak leaves with spangles, the total length of sewing is 110 mm (Fig. 239-240 ), On the band of the everyday cap is worn the usual emblem established for officers.

EMBLEM FOR THE CAPS (HATS) OF CHIEF STRATEGERS (SENIOR SERGEANTS) OF EXTRA-TERM SERVICE.

92. The emblem has an ellipsisal shape and consists of an anchor with a rope intertwining it and a five-pointed metal star, a set pattern, attached to the upper part of the emblem.
The anchor and elliptical edging are embroidered with gold thread on black cloth. The emblem can also be made of metal - stamped.
Main dimensions of the emblem:

length of the major axis of the ellipse - 45 mm;
length of the minor axis of the ellipse - 39 mm;
edging width - 4 mm;
anchor height from the top edge of the eye to the heel - 28 mm;
distance between paws - 20 mm;
rod length - 21 mm;
spindle width - 3 mm;
rod width in the middle - 4 mm;
"" at the ends - 3 mm;
outer diameter of the eye - 6 mm;
rope width - 1 mm.

EMBLEM AND RIBBON ON THE HEADDRESS OF STRATEGERS (SERGEANTS) WEARING THE UNIFORM ESTABLISHED FOR THE ENERVED STAFF: SAILORS, JOINTS, CADETS AND NAVAL SCHOOLS.

93. The emblem is a metal five-pointed star covered with ruby-red enamel, with an image of a crossed hammer and sickle in the middle (Fig. 244).
Star diameter - 30 mm.

94. The Guards Ribbon (Fig. 248) is a golden-orange silk rep ribbon with three longitudinal black stripes applied to it.
Tape width is 32.5 mm, length is 1520 mm. The width of the black stripes is 6 mm, the width of the orange gaps between them is 6.25 mm, the width of the edging is 1 mm.
The guards ribbon is laid along the band of the visor cap of petty officers, sergeants and conscript sailors of guards ships and units and secured at the rear seam, with the ends of the ribbon remaining free.
On the guards' ribbons, in the place at the front of the peakless cap, a corresponding inscription is applied in gold embossing, and on the free ends there are anchors.

95. Black ribbon (Fig. 249) silk rep, 1520 mm long and 32.5 mm wide. The tape is laid along the band of the peakless cap of petty officers, sergeants and sailors of conscript service of ships and units in the same way as the guards tape.
On the ribbons, in the place at the front of the peakless cap, a corresponding inscription is applied in gold embossing, and on the free ends there are anchors.

SEWING ON THE CAPS OF ADMIRALS AND GENERALS.

96. Sewing on the visor of the cap of the fleet admiral is an image of two oak branches with leaves and a cord, embroidered along the contour of the visor with gold-colored thread so that the lower edge of the cord runs at a distance of 5 mm from the outer edge of the visor, the ends of the lower leaves of the branches at a distance of 2 mm from the top edge of the cord, and the ends of the branches would converge at the middle transverse line of the visor, forming a gap of 5 mm.
Instead of a chin strap, a special cord braided from gilded truntal is attached to two small uniform buttons.

97. Sewing on the visors of the caps of admirals and generals is the same as for the admiral of the fleet.
Instead of a chin strap, a special cord braided from gilded (silver) truntal is attached.
The color of the sewing on the visors and the cord from the truntal is the color of the braid of the shoulder straps.
98. On the visors of the caps of senior officers of the naval and naval engineering services, a special ornament is applied, which is a convex image of oak leaves, their ends superimposed on each other and curved along the outer contour of the visor (Fig. 247).
The ornament consists of two links emerging from under the band of the cap and converging at their ends at the middle transverse line of the visor, with the end of the left link located slightly higher than the right.

99. A gilded metal ornament is applied along the outer edge of the cap visor at a distance of 5 mm from its edge and is fastened with soft metal pins that are riveted or bent on the underside of the visor.
Captains of the 1st rank and colonels, instead of a chin strap, wear the same truncal cord as admirals and generals. The color of the cord is the color of the braid of the shoulder strap.
Note. When going to sea, admirals and captains of the 1st rank are allowed to wear a black lacquered chin strap instead of a trumpet cord.

SEWING ON THE COLLARS OF PARENT JUKETS.

100. The collar of the ceremonial jacket of admirals and generals is edged to the upper end of the laurel branch with a 0.3 cm wide cord made of gilded (silver) thread. At the ends of the collar, an anchor and gilded (silver) tinsel are embroidered according to the design with gilded (silver) tinsel and laurel branches.
The color of the cord and sewing on the collar matches the color of the shoulder straps (Fig. 250).

101. At the ends of the collar of the officers' ceremonial jackets, an anchor pattern of gilded (silver) tinsel and gilded (silver) gimp are embroidered with an oak leaf ornament (the anchor and ornament can be stamped metal).
The color of the sewing on the collar is the color of the shoulder straps (Fig. 251).

102. At the ends of the collar of the ceremonial jackets of midshipmen and foremen of long-term service, gold-colored anchors are applied in a pattern.

LIST OF CLOTHING UNIFORM FOR NAVY SERVICEMEN.

Table 5. Uniforms for admirals and generals.

Notes:
1. The summer overcoat is worn out of order with clothing forms No. 3 and 4 at will, depending on the weather.

Table 6. Uniforms for officers.

Notes:
1. A summer coat is worn out of order with clothing forms No. 3 and 4 at will, depending on the weather and not when performing duties in the service of ship outfits and outfits for internal, garrison and guard services.
2. With dress uniforms No. 4, 5 and 6 in formation, a revolver (pistol) with equipment may be worn over the overcoat, upon special instructions.

Table 7. Uniforms for midshipmen and foremen of long-term service.

Notes:
1. For midshipmen and foremen of conscript service, the uniform is the same as for enlisted personnel.
2. With dress uniforms No. 4, 5 and 6 in formation, a revolver (pistol) with equipment may be worn over the overcoat, upon special instructions.

Table 8. Uniforms for chief petty officers and senior sergeants of long-term service.

Notes:
1. The dress uniform is the same as the everyday uniform for the formation, but with orders and medals.
2. For chief petty officers and senior sergeants of conscript service, the uniform is the same as for enlisted personnel.

Table 9. Uniforms for petty officers, sergeants, sailors, cabin boys, cadets and students of naval schools.

1. The ceremonial uniform is the same as the everyday uniform for the formation, but the uniform of the first term with orders and medals.
2. Cadets of naval educational institutions wear a broadsword when out of formation in all forms of clothing.

RULES FOR WEARING ORDERS, MEDALS, Ribbons, MEDAL Ribbons AND BADGE BADGES BY MILITARY SERVANTS OF THE NAVAL FORCES.

1. Wearing orders, medals, order ribbons, medal ribbons, as well as badges while wearing military uniform is mandatory.

2. Orders, medals, order ribbons, medal ribbons and badges are worn only on a jacket, tunic, flannel and uniform shirts.
On overcoats and pea coats, order ribbons, medal ribbons, as well as the guards badge are worn only at parades and reviews, each time by special order of fleet (flotilla) commanders, naval base commanders, senior naval commanders or garrison commanders. In these cases, it is obligatory to wear the “Gold Star” medals of the Hero of the Soviet Union and the “Hammer and Sickle” medals of the Hero of Socialist Labor on the overcoat (peacoat).

3. Orders and medals are worn at parades, inspection reviews and other special occasions:

a) admirals and generals - on ceremonial jackets;
b) officers, midshipmen (foremen) of long-term service - wearing a front jacket and a white jacket;
c) chief petty officers (senior sergeants) of long-term service - wearing a jacket and a white jacket;
d) sailors, cadets and petty officers (sergeants) wearing the uniform established for enlisted personnel - flannel and uniform shirts.

4. In everyday conditions, on a casual jacket, tunic, flannel and uniform shirts, instead of orders and medals, ribbons assigned to orders and medals are worn, the wearing of which is mandatory. Wearing ribbons of orders and medals not established by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR is prohibited.

5. Wearing the “Gold Star” medals of the Hero of the Soviet Union and the “Hammer and Sickle” medals of the Hero of Socialist Labor is mandatory on all items of uniform listed in the first paragraph of Art. 2 of these rules, in all cases.

6. Medals “Gold Star” of the Hero of the Soviet Union and “Hammer and Sickle” of the Hero of Socialist Labor are worn on the left side of the chest, above all orders, medals, order ribbons and medal ribbons and are attached to clothing using rectangular pads covered with ribbon.
When wearing two or more “Gold Star” and “Hammer and Sickle” medals, the latter are attached to clothing separately in one row, located in it from right to left in the order of time of award, with intervals of 10 mm between the lateral ends of the stars.

7. On the left side of the chest are worn:

The order of Lenin;
Order of the Red Banner;
Order of the Red Banner of Labor;
Order of the Badge of Honor;
Order of Glory, 1st degree;
Order of Glory, II degree;
Order of Glory III degree;
Medal of Honor";
Ushakov Medal;
Medal "For Military Merit";
Nakhimov Medal;
Anniversary medal "XX years of the Red Army";
Medal "For Labor Valor";
Medal "For Labor Distinction";
Medal “Partisan of the Patriotic War”, 1st degree;
Medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" II degree;
Medal "For the Defense of Leningrad";
Medal "For the Defense of Moscow";
Medal "For the Defense of Odessa";
Medal "For the Defense of Sevastopol";
Medal "For the Defense of Stalingrad";
Medal "For the Defense of the Caucasus";
Medal "For the Defense of the Soviet Arctic";
Medal "For victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War" Patriotic War 1941-1945";
Medal "For Victory over Japan";
Medal "For the Capture of Budapest";
Medal "For the Capture of Koenigsberg";
Medal "For the Capture of Vienna";
Medal "For the Capture of Berlin";
Medal "For the Liberation of Belgrade";
Medal "For the Liberation of Warsaw";
Medal "For the Liberation of Prague";
Medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945";
Medal "For the restoration of iron and steel enterprises of the South";
Medal “For the restoration of Donbass coal mines”;
Medal “In Memory of the 800th Anniversary of Moscow”;
Jubilee medal "30 years of the Soviet Army and Navy."

All these orders and medals are attached to clothing using pentagonal pads covered with ribbons assigned to the corresponding orders and medals. When wearing two or more of the listed orders and medals, their blocks are connected in a row on a common bar.
Orders and medals that do not fit in one row across the width of the chest are transferred to the second row, placed below the first.
Orders and medals are arranged in a row from right to left, in the order indicated above. In this case, the second row serves as a continuation of the first, also counting from right to left.
When wearing two or more orders or medals of the same name and degree, these orders and medals are placed side by side, in order of time of award, from right to left.

8. On the right side of the chest are worn:

Order of Suvorov, 1st degree;
Order of Ushakov, 1st degree;
Order of Kutuzov, 1st degree;
Order of Nakhimov, 1st degree;
Order of Bohdan Khmelnitsky, 1st degree;
Order of Suvorov, II degree;
Order of Ushakov, II degree;
Order of Kutuzov, II degree;
Order of Nakhimov, II degree;
Order of Bohdan Khmelnytsky, II degree;
Order of Suvorov, III degree;
Order of Kutuzov, III degree;
Order of Bohdan Khmelnytsky, III degree;
Order of Alexander Nevsky;
Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree;
Order of the Patriotic War, II degree;
Order of the Red Star.

All these orders are attached to clothing using screw-on pins with nuts, without pads or ribbons.
Orders that do not fit in one row across the chest width are transferred to the second row, located below the first. In this case, the orders are arranged in a row from left to right, in the order indicated above. In this case, the second row serves as a continuation of the first, also from left to right.
When wearing two or more orders of the same name and degree, these orders are placed side by side, in order of time of award from left to right.
9. Order ribbons and medal ribbons, when worn without orders and medals, are attached to clothing on the left side of the chest.
To attach to clothing, order ribbons and medal ribbons are stretched onto rectangular strips.
When wearing two or more order ribbons and medal ribbons, the ribbons are fixed on a common bar with intervals between each ribbon of 3 mm; to better highlight the ribbons, the intervals between them are painted over with black varnish or covered with a black silk ribbon.
Ribbons that do not fit on one strap across the chest width are transferred to a second strap attached to the clothing below the first strap.

Ribbons of orders and medals are located on the bars from right to left in the following order:

Order of Lenin;
Order of the Red Banner;
Order of Suvorov, 1st degree;
Order of Ushakov, 1st degree;
Order of Kutuzov, 1st degree;
Order of Nakhimov, 1st degree;
Order of Bohdan Khmelnitsky, 1st degree;
Order of Suvorov, II degree;
Order of Ushakov, II degree;
Order of Kutuzov, II degree;
Order of Nakhimov, II degree;
Order of Bohdan Khmelnytsky, II degree;
Order of Suvorov, III degree;
Order of Kutuzov III degree;
Order of Bohdan Khmelnytsky, III degree;
Order of Alexander Nevsky;
Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree;
Order of the Patriotic War, II degree;
Order of the Red Banner of Labor;
Order of the Red Star;
Orders, “3 Badge of Honour”;
Order of Glory, 1st degree;
Order of Glory II degree;
Order of Glory III degree;
Medals "For Courage";
Ushakov medals;
Medals "For Military Merit";
Nakhimov medals;
Anniversary medal "XX years of the Red Army";
Medals "For Labor Valor";
Medals “For Labor Distinction”;
Medal “Partisan of the Patriotic War”, 1st degree;
Medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" II degree;
Medals “For the Defense of Leningrad”;
Medals “For the Defense of Moscow”;
Medals “For the Defense of Odessa”;
Medals “For the Defense of Sevastopol”;
Medals “For the Defense of Stalingrad”;
Medals “For the Defense of the Caucasus”;
Medals “For the Defense of the Soviet Arctic”;
Medals “For victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War in 1941-1945”;
Medals “For Victory over Japan”;
Medals “For the Capture of Budapest”;
Medals “For the Capture of Koenigsberg”;
Medals “For the Capture of Vienna”;
Medals “For the Capture of Berlin”;
Medals “For the Liberation of Belgrade”;
Medals “For the Liberation of Warsaw”;
Medals “For the Liberation of Prague”;
Medals “For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945”;
Medals “For the restoration of iron and steel enterprises in the South”;
Medals “For the restoration of Donbass coal mines”;
Medals “In memory of the 800th anniversary of Moscow”;
Jubilee medal "30 years of the Soviet Army and Navy."

10. Breastplates (except for the deputy and Komsomol) in all cases are worn on the right side of the chest and are located below the orders.

11. Deputy badges are worn on the left side of the chest, above all orders and medals - above the middle one, and if there are medals "Gold Star" of the Hero of the Soviet Union and "Hammer and Sickle" of the Hero of Socialist Labor - to the right of them, on the same level with star of the medal.
The Komsomol breastplate is worn on the left side of the chest, 10 mm below orders and medals, under the middle one.
12. The honorary badge of the Stalin Prize laureate is worn on the right side of the chest above all orders.

The order of placement of orders, medals, order ribbons, medal ribbons and badges on items of uniform.

13. On the jacket (Fig. 252, 254):
a) the “Gold Star” and “Hammer and Sickle” medals are located on the left lapel, on a vertical line passing through the center of the buttons of the left row; if there are two or more medals - symmetrically relative to this line;
b) orders and medals worn on the left side of the chest are located in order of seniority from bottom to top along the lower edge of the left lapel so that no more than 1/3 of the ribbon-covered pad of each order and medal is visible from under it, and along the width of the chest - symmetrically relative to a line drawn through the center of the buttons of the left row; in the event that the orders do not fit in one row, the latter are located lower, parallel to the left lapel, so that the second row, with its upper edges of the pads, is 5-10 mm below the orders and medals of the first row;
c) orders worn on the right side of the chest are arranged in order of seniority from bottom to top parallel to the lower edge of the right lapel so that the centers of the orders lie at the same distance from the edge of the lapel as the centers of orders (medals) worn on the left side of the chest, and the middle order, and if there is an even number of orders - the gap between them - should be located along a vertical line passing through the middle of the right side of the chest;
d) the guards badge is located: in the absence of orders worn on the right side of the chest, in the place indicated for them, and in the presence of orders - on a vertical line passing through the middle of the right side of the chest, 10 mm below the horizontal line passing through the lower edge lower order;
e) the badge for persons who graduated from military academies and military faculties (departments) of civilian higher educational institutions of the USSR is located: if there is a guards badge, below it on the same vertical line with this badge; in the absence of a guards badge - in the place of this badge; if there are badges for graduating from two academies, the badges are placed side by side, with the badge for graduating from a higher military academy to the left;
f) the badge of the submarine commander and the aviation badge, if there are orders, a guards badge and a badge for graduating from the academy, are located below the latter, at a distance of 10 mm from the bottom edge, and if there is no badge for graduating from the academy, in its place;
g) other badges are located on a vertical line passing through the middle of the right side of the chest, at a distance of 5 mm from each other, and the first badge in the presence of orders, a guards badge, a badge for graduating from an academy or a badge of a submarine commander (aviation) is located below the last , at a distance of 10 mm from its lower edge, and in the absence of such - the upper mark at the level of the top button;
h) the bar with ribbons of orders and medals is located parallel to the upper edge of the pocket, at a distance of 5 mm from it and symmetrically relative to its center. If there are two or more strips with ribbons of orders and medals, the latter are located parallel to each other and at a distance of 2 mm from one another.

14. On the jacket (Fig. 253, 255):
a) the “Gold Star” and “Hammer and Sickle” medals are located: across the width of the chest - on a line passing through the center of the button of the left shoulder strap and the toe of the left pocket flap;
along the chest height - so that the upper end of the star of the medal is at the level of the center of the top button;

b) orders and medals worn on the left side of the chest are located: across the width of the chest - symmetrically relative to the line passing through the center of the button of the left shoulder strap and the toe of the left pocket flap;
along the chest height - with the upper edge of the pads along a horizontal line passing through the middle of the distance between the first and second buttons from the top;

c) orders worn on the right side of the chest are located: across the width of the chest - symmetrically relative to a line drawn through the center of the button of the right shoulder strap and the toe of the right pocket flap;
along the chest height - the lower edge of the order is 5 mm above the valve of the right pocket;

d) guards breastplate - in the absence of orders worn on the right side of the chest, it is attached in the place indicated for them, and in the presence of orders - 10 mm below the toe of the right pocket flap;

e) the badge for persons who graduated from military academies and military faculties (departments) of civilian higher educational institutions of the USSR is located: if there is a guards badge, below it on the same vertical line with this badge; in the absence of a guards badge - in the place of this badge; if there are badges for graduating from two academies, they are placed side by side, and the badge for graduating from a higher military academy is to the left;

f) the badge of a submarine commander or an aviation badge, regardless of the presence of orders worn on the right side of the chest, the guards badge and the badge for graduating from the academy - is always located in the center of the flap of the right pocket;

g) other badges are located on a vertical line passing through the center of the button of the right shoulder strap and the toe of the right pocket flap, at a distance of 5 mm from each other, from top to bottom, and the upper edge of the top badge is located 10 mm below the toe of the pocket, and in the presence of orders , guards badge and badge for graduating from the academy - 10 mm below it;

h) ribbons of orders and medals, in cases where they are worn without orders and medals, are located:
across the width of the chest - symmetrically relative to a line drawn through the center of the button of the left shoulder strap and the toe of the left pocket flap;
along the chest height - the lower edge of the bar with ribbons of orders and medals is 5 mm above the pocket flap, and when wearing the bars in two rows - the bottom row is located as indicated above, and the top is 5 mm higher than the bottom.

15. On a white tunic - orders, medals, order ribbons, medal ribbons and breastplates are located in the same way as on a dark blue tunic.

16. On flannel and uniform shirts (Fig. 256, 257):
a) the “Gold Star” and “Hammer and Sickle” medals are located: across the width of the chest - on a vertical line passing through the middle of the left side of the chest; along the chest height - 5 mm above the upper edge of the block of orders and medals;

b) orders and medals worn on the left side of the chest are located:

chest width - symmetrically relative to a vertical line drawn through the middle of the left side of the chest; along the chest height - so that the upper edges of the orders are at the level of the lower corner of the collar neckline;

c) orders worn on the right side of the chest are located: across the width of the chest - symmetrically relative to a vertical line drawn through the middle of the right side of the chest; along the chest height - so that the upper edges of the orders are at the level of the lower corner of the collar neckline;

d) the guards breastplate is located: in the absence of orders worn on the right side of the chest, in their place, and in the presence of orders - 10 mm below the middle of them;

e) other badges are located on the right side of the chest on a vertical line drawn through the middle of the right side of the chest, and the first badge, in the absence of orders and the guards badge, is attached below the place of the guards badge at a distance of 10 mm from it, and the rest - downwards from it at a distance 5 mm apart. If there are orders or a guards badge, 10 mm below their lower edge;

f) order ribbons and medal ribbons for wearing them without orders and medals - are located:
across the width of the chest - symmetrically relative to a vertical line drawn through the middle of the left side of the chest;
along the chest height - the upper edge of the bar with ribbons of orders and medals is at the level of the lower corner of the collar cutout, and when wearing the bars in two rows, the bottom row is located as indicated above, and the top row is 5 mm higher than the bottom.
The “Gold Star” and “Hammer and Sickle” medals in this case are located:

across the width of the chest - on a vertical line drawn through the middle of the left side of the chest;
along the chest height - the lower ends of the medals are 5 mm above the upper edge of the ribbons.

17. On the officer’s overcoat (Fig. 258):
a) the “Gold Star” and “Hammer and Sickle” medals are located: along the width of the chest - on a vertical line drawn in the middle between the midline of the chest and the line of buttons;
along the chest height - the upper edge of the pads at the level of the corner of the collar;
b) order ribbons and medal ribbons are located:
across the width of the chest - symmetrically relative to a vertical line drawn in the middle between the midline of the chest and the line of buttons;
along the chest height - on the midline between the second and third buttons from the top; the second row of tapes is placed 5 mm below the first;

across the width of the chest - at a distance of 10 mm from the edge of the left side of the overcoat;
Chest height - on the midline between the second and third buttons from the top.

18. On the overcoat of ordinary personnel (Fig. 259):
a) the medals “Gold Star” and “Hammer and Sickle” are located: across the chest - on a line drawn through the center of the button of the left shoulder strap; along the chest height - the upper edge of the pads at the level of the corner of the collar;
b) order ribbons and medal ribbons are located: across the width of the chest - symmetrically relative to a vertical line drawn through the center of the button of the left shoulder strap;
along the chest height - at the level of the lower edge of the second button from the top;
c) the guards badge is located:
across the width of the chest - at a distance of 15 mm from the edge of the left side of the overcoat.
along the chest height - at the level of the lower edge of the second button from the top.

19. On a peacoat:
The “Gold Star” and “Hammer and Sickle” medals, order ribbons, medal ribbons and the Guards breastplate are located in the same way as on the officer’s overcoat.

20. The wearing of orders, medals, order ribbons, medal ribbons and badges by military women is carried out in relation to men's uniforms.

Wearing foreign orders and medals.

21. Foreign orders and medals worn on ribbons are worn on the left side of the chest, below all orders and medals of the USSR worn on blocks. Foreign orders and medals are worn separately on a ribbon assigned to the corresponding order or medal.

22. Foreign orders and medals, worn without ribbons, are worn on the right side of the chest, below all orders of the USSR, worn without blocks; in this case, the guards badge and other signs are worn below the foreign order (medal). Order ribbons of foreign orders worn around the neck and over the shoulder should not cover the orders and medals of the USSR.

23. Order ribbons and medal ribbons for wearing them without orders in everyday dress are worn on the left side of the chest, on a separate bar below all ribbons of orders and medals of the USSR.

Notes:
1. On items of general army uniform, orders, medals, order ribbons, medal ribbons and badges are worn in accordance with the rules established for military personnel of the Soviet Army.
2. Orders, medals and ribbons of orders and medals on civilian dress are worn at will.
3. Military badges are not allowed to be worn on civilian dress.

APPLICATIONS.

Appendix 1. CARRYING WEAPONS WHILE IN UNIFORM.

1. The revolver (pistol) is worn on equipment of the established type.
Revolver (pistol) equipment is worn:
a) with an overcoat and pea coat - over them;
b) with a jacket - under it;
c) with flannel and uniform shirts - over the trouser belt.
The revolver (pistol) equipment is worn so that the holster is on the right thigh slightly behind the pocket slot.
The handle of the revolver (pistol) should point backwards. A cord is fastened to the ring of the handle of a revolver (pistol) using a carabiner, the second end of which is grabbed by a strap with a buckle onto the waist belt slightly in front of the right pocket.
The waist belt is worn so that its buckle is strictly in the middle of the vertical line of the body and is located between the fifth and sixth buttons of a double-breasted overcoat or pea coat.
The free end of the waist belt, as it exits the buckle, is located to the left and is supported by two special movable belt loops.

Dirk (Fig. 260, 261).

2. The dirk is a weapon assigned to admirals, generals and officers of the Naval Forces, as well as midshipmen (petty officers) of long-term service wearing naval uniforms.
The dirk is worn on the left side of the sword belt, lowered on the beads, in full dress uniform and when performing duty and watch duties in accordance with the Naval Naval Regulations.
The pacifiers should be adjusted so that the cutlass with its lower end is lowered down and makes an angle of 135° with the short front pacifier.
Note. The cords for the daggers of admirals and generals are made of gilded (silver) tinsel.

3. When performing duty and watch duties, the dagger is also worn over the overcoat. In this case, the sword belt is put on between the fifth and sixth buttons of the overcoat.

4. In all cases, if it is necessary to remove the dagger, it is removed along with the sword belt. Wearing one sword belt without a dirk is prohibited.

5. The broadsword is a personal weapon assigned to be worn by graduate cadets of higher naval schools that train officers of the naval and naval engineering services.

Carrying a broadsword is mandatory outside the territories of schools, both on and off duty.
6. The broadsword is not worn in the following cases:
a) in a building on the territory of schools, with the exception of persons on internal duty who are required to do so (orderlies, duty officers, etc.), and special cases declared by the command of the school;
b) when performing guard duty;
c) during summer internship on ships and in units of the Naval Forces;
d) when carrying a firearm;
e) with work uniform and a pea coat.

7. The broadsword is worn on an appropriate strap, put on the waist belt on the left, slightly behind the slot of the left pocket. With an overcoat, the broadsword is worn over it, with flannel and uniform shirts - along the trouser sash on top of the flap.
In all cases, when removing a broadsword from the waist belt, its equipment is also removed.

Appendix 2. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF UNIFORMS.

DESCRIPTION OF UNIFORM ITEMS OF ADMIRALS, GENERALS, OFFICERS AND STRATEGES (SERGEANTS) WEARING THE UNIFORMS ESTABLISHED FOR OFFICERS.

The overcoat is double-breasted with a cut-off length on the chest and has 6 loops and 6 large metal shaped buttons on each side.
The floors have side darts, two side welt pockets with flaps.
Overcoat lined to the bottom for admirals, generals, captains of the 1st rank and their corresponding ones and to the waist for other officers and petty officers (sergeants).
The back is solid with a counter embroidered lobar fold in the middle. The lobar fold is fastened with transverse stitches along the waist and at the top at a distance of 10 cm from the collar insert.
A tab is fastened at the back of the waist with two large shaped buttons sewn on posts. At the bottom in the middle of the back there is a slit (slot), on the right side of which three shaped small buttons are sewn.
Turn-down collar fastened with a metal hook and loop. The sleeves are two-seam, ending in cuffs.
The length of the slot cut is 44-46.5 cm, depending on height.
The distance from the bottom of the overcoat to the floor should be 35-36 cm.
The overcoat is sewn from black and marengo fabric.

Summer overcoat (for admirals and generals).

The summer overcoat is double-breasted, sewn from black fabric, lined, with six buttons on the side, of the same cut as indicated above.

The summer double-breasted coat is fastened with 4 large uniform buttons when fastened to the top and with 3 when the lapels are open.
The floors have top, front and side darts and two welt pockets with flaps.
Turn-down collar with hook and loop fastening. The back is one-piece with a counter embroidered fold in the middle, fastened at the top and at the waist line with two through stitches.
On both sides of the opposite fold, one tuck is made, fastened towards the side seam at the waist line with a rectangular stitch.
Half-strips are sewn into the side seams, the right one has two loops, the left one has two buttons, sewn at the level of the tucks.
At the bottom in the middle of the back there is a slit (slot), on the right side of which three small shaped buttons are sewn.
The two-seam sleeves end with stitched cuffs. The coat is sewn from black fabrics.

Double-breasted jacket with open lapels has:
- for admirals and generals 5 loops (4 on the side and one on the lapel);
- for officers and petty officers (sergeants) 4 loops (3 on the side and one on the lapel).
The number of metal shaped buttons corresponds to the number of side loops. The shelves have two side welt pockets with flaps and one chest pocket on the left shelf, sealed with a leaf. Open turn-down collar.
The sleeves are two-seam without cuffs, with two medium shaped buttons on each upper half at the bottom near the elbow seam.
Back with a seam in the middle. The length of the jacket along the back from the sewing of the collar to the bottom should be 67 cm in the first height, and 2 cm longer in each subsequent height than in the previous one.
The jacket is sewn from woolen fabrics in black or white (the latter only for admirals and generals).

The single-breasted jacket is made of dark blue fabric, lined, has 5 through loops on the left side, and 5 large uniform buttons on the right side.
The back is one-piece (without a seam), adjacent at the waist. Stand-up collar fastened with two hooks. The sleeves are two-seam, with straight cuffs. On the sides of the jacket there are two transverse welt pockets with flaps, and on the chest line there are two patch pockets with flaps. There are two medium metal buttons on the cuffs of the sleeves.
The length of the jacket along the back from the sewing of the collar to the bottom should be 67 cm in the first height, and 2 cm longer in each subsequent height than in the previous one.

The single-breasted jacket is sewn from white fabrics, without lining, has 5 through loops on the left side, and on the right side in the places corresponding to the loops there are 5 holes with uniform buttons fixed in them on metal rings.
Stand-up collar fastened with two metal hooks. The back is solid in the middle, the sleeves are two-seam with cuffs. Chest pockets, patch pockets, without flaps. Buttons on the cuffs of the sleeves are not sewn on. The length is the same as the dark blue jacket.

The trousers consist of two front and two back halves, a belt and two longitudinal pockets. The front halves have two folds. The trousers are fastened with side buckles, have 4 belt loops on the outside (two front ones are wide and two back ones are narrow), and 6 buttons on the inside.
On the admirals' black dress trousers, stripes made of gilded galloon with a black gap are sewn. The width of the braid is 40 mm, the width of the lumen is 4 mm.
On black dress and casual trousers of generals, colored edgings 2.5 mm wide are sewn into the side seams and colored stripes 25 mm wide are sewn on both sides at a distance of 5 mm from the edging. The color of the edgings and stripes is the same as the color of the edging (piping) of the shoulder strap.
The trousers are made of wool or cotton fabric in black and white.
The width of trousers in shorts is from 29.5 to 31.5 cm, depending on height.

The cap consists of an ellipse-shaped bottom, four (of the same size) arched quarters, a rectangular solid band, a black lacquered visor, a set pattern and a chin strap attached to the band with two small metal shaped buttons.
On the caps of admirals, generals, captains of the 1st rank and those corresponding to them, instead of a chin strap, a cord of gold or silver color is worn instead of a chinstrap.
The cap has three edgings: one is made of white cut cloth sewn into the seam connecting the bottom with the quarters, the second is made of white cut cloth sewn into the seam connecting the quarters to the band, and the third is a tucked (false) edging made of the main material running along the bottom of the band. to support the grosgrain silk ribbon laid on the band.
The front of the cap is raised. The installed emblem is fixed on the band above the middle of the visor.
The cap is sewn from black fabrics.

The cap consists of a band, sewn from black fabric, covered with a black grosgrain ribbon, with a lining of the bottom and quarters sewn to it. The cap is covered with a cover made of white cotton fabric.
The cover consists of an oval-shaped bottom and four (of the same size) arched quarters, connected at the bottom with an adjustment seam.

The hat with a leather top is sewn from black astrakhan fur, merlushka or tsigeyka, has a visor, a back cover and earmuffs with ribbons for tying. The inside of the hat has a cotton stitched lining.
An emblem is attached to the front of the cap in the middle of the visor.

Boots are chevron or chrome, black, with laces or elastic bands.
White low shoes are sewn from thick white cotton fabric.

Dress gloves - suede (leather) or white cotton.
Everyday gloves - leather, wool or cotton in black or steel color.

DESCRIPTION OF ITEMS OF UNIFORMS FOR STRATEGERS (SERGEANTS) WEARING THE UNIFORMS ESTABLISHED FOR ENVIRONMENTAL STAFF, SAILORS, JOINS, CADETS AND NAVAL SCHOOL STUDENTS.

The overcoat is single-breasted, black, has 5 large uniform buttons on the left side, sewn or attached through the holes with rings or cord, and fastens with 5 metal hooks and loops. Side and longitudinal pockets, sealed with leaves.
The back is one-piece with a counter embroidered fold in the middle of the back.
On the back, along the waist line, a strap is fastened with two large buttons, sewn on posts made of the main fabric. At the bottom, in the middle of the back, there is a slot.
Double-seam sleeves with cuffs.
The distance from the edge of the overcoat to the floor should be 35 cm.

The pea coat is double-breasted, black, has 6 through loops and 6 large buttons on each side.
Turn-down collar. On the sides, the pea coat has transverse side pockets without flaps. Double-seam sleeves with cuffs.
The back has a seam in the middle, slightly adjacent to the waist. The length of the peacoat along the back from the sewing of the collar to the bottom should be 67.5 cm in the first height, and 2 cm longer in each subsequent height than in the previous one.
The peacoat is sewn with a warm lining.

A flannel shirt is sewn from cloth or cotton corduroy and consists of a one-piece front and back.
Large turn-down collar without lining.
The sleeves are single-seam with cuffs fastened with two loops and two small uniform buttons.

The shirt is sewn from linen and cotton fabrics and consists of a one-piece front and back. The collar is folded and can be fastened with two loops and two buttons. The sleeves are straight and low with a hem seam. There is a patch pocket on the left side of the chest. The bottom of the shirt is closed with a hem seam.

The uniform shirt is sewn from bleached linen and cotton fabrics with a blue collar and cuffs that have 3 white stripes: at the collar along the outer edges, and at the cuffs along the inner edge. The cuffs are fastened with one white bone button.

The trousers consist of two front and two back halves, a belt and two longitudinal side pockets made of gray calico.
The trousers are worn with a belt, the free ends of which are fastened with two buttons. The trousers have a folding lapel, which is fastened on each side with two buttons. The length of the trousers from the floor is 3-4 cm, the width of the trousers in the low heels (except for trousers for Nakhimovites) is set:
1 and 2 height - 30 - 30.5 cm
3 and 4 height - 31 - 31.5 cm
5 and 6 height - 32 - 32.5 cm
Trousers are made of black cloth and white cotton fabric, and work trousers are made of cotton fabric.

Marine sweatshirt - vest.

Marine sweatshirt - vest - underwear knitted shirt made of jersey with alternating white and blue stripes of the same width (10 mm) consists of a whole knitted waist or sewn on the sides, sleeves and gussets.

Cap and hat.

The cap consists of an ellipse-shaped bottom, four (of the same size) arched quarters, and a rectangular solid band.
The cap has three edges, just like the officers' cap.
The front of the cap is raised. A red five-pointed star of the established pattern is attached to the front of the cap above the band.
A black silk rep or guards ribbon is laid along the band of the cap (peakless cap), secured at the back seam, with the ends remaining free. On the ribbon, in the place at the front of the cap, a corresponding inscription is stamped in gold, and on the free ends there is a drawing of an anchor.
Cotton summer cap, cut like a cloth cap, band made of black fabric.
A white cover is put on top of the cap.
The cap for petty officers and non-commissioned officers of long-term service, both winter and summer, is the same as for naval officers.
A hat made of black instrument cloth, with a back plate, a visor and earmuffs made of black fur - tsigeika. There are ribbons sewn on the ends of the headphones for tying.
The inside of the hat is lined with cotton wool. A star of the established pattern is attached to the middle of the cap's visor.

The boots are chrome or cowhide, black, with a screw fastening method at the bottom.

Waist belt with plaque.

The waist belt is made of black glossy leather. Belt length - 1050 mm, width - 45 mm, thickness - 2.5 mm.
The belt has at one end a brass plaque with a stamped, vertically located anchor and a star on top of the anchor spindle, and at the other end there is a sewn-in metal eyelet, used to fasten the belt to the plaque.

The tie consists of a stand-up collar, a bib and is sewn from black merino cloth or cotton moleskin lined with cotton fabric. The tie at the back is fastened with 2 hooks.

Winter gloves are made of leather, wool, black or steel color, tightly knitted or embroidered cotton with five fingers on a wool blend lining. Summer cotton gloves - black, steel and white.

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