UAZ car engines. Lubrication system

The choice of motor oil for the engine and oil filter is an individual matter; usually everyone gives preference to some of their own oils, which they have heard good things about, which they have tried or chosen on the advice of others.

The plant issues only generally accepted recommendations related to oil viscosity depending on the ambient temperature, for example SAE 5W-40 - from minus 25 to plus 35 degrees Celsius, SAE 10W-30 - from minus 20 to plus 30 degrees Celsius, SAE 10W-40 - from minus 20 to plus 35 degrees Celsius, and the like.

Selection of engine oil for the ZMZ engine.

The classes of motor oils recommended by the car plant according to API standards (USA), for gasoline - SG, SH, SJ, SL, and for - CF-4 / SG or CF-4, should be taken into account very conditionally, because the API category SG today is generally declared invalid as obsolete, and oil using it is practically not produced, and the API SH category is “conditionally valid”.

Only API SJ from 1995 and API SL, which was introduced in 2001, are valid, but they are also slowly being replaced by API SM from 2004. The same is true with oils. For example, semi-synthetic motor oil ZIC A+ 10W-40 already meets API SM dated 2004.

So you just need to fill the engine with high-quality and proven modern motor oils; in any case, they are all suitable, but preferably one on an ongoing basis. According to reviews, semi-synthetic motor oils Shell Helix HX7, ZIC A+, Bizol have proven themselves well for UAZ engines.

Selecting an oil filter for the ZMZ-409 engine.

The oil filter for gasoline has catalog numbers 406.1012005-02, 409.1012005, 2101S-1012005-NK-2, 2105S-1012005-NK-2, for diesel ZMZ-5143, respectively - 406.1012005-02 and 2101S-1012005-NK -2. Moreover, it has a lot of suitable analogues. In principle, you can take any one with a height of at least 90 mm. and with a diameter of 95-100 mm., which has increased dirt holding capacity and is designed for a longer mileage before being replaced.

The filter must be equipped with a bypass valve filter element. The use of a bypass valve filter element reduces the likelihood of unclean oil entering the lubrication system when starting a cold engine and extreme contamination of the main filter element.

Replacing engine oil and oil filter ZMZ-409.

Previously, the plant recommended changing the engine oil every 10,000 km, but now it has raised the bar to 15,000 km. or after 12 months, whichever comes first. If UAZ, then the interval between replacements by the factory is recommended to be reduced.

The oil is drained when the engine is warm; in this case, it has a lower viscosity and flows out well. To change the oil, you need to park the car on a level surface, open the oil filler cap of the valve cover and unscrew the engine oil sump drain plug. The oil drains for at least 10 minutes.

After draining the oil, before screwing in the oil sump drain plug, you need to check the condition of its sealing gasket. Replace the damaged gasket with a new one.

At the same time as changing the oil, the oil filter must be replaced. Before installing the filter, lubricate its rubber gasket with engine oil. Screw the filter onto the fitting until the rubber gasket of the filter touches the surface of the thermal valve and then tighten it by hand 3/4 of a turn. When changing the oil filter, you need to check the tightness of the oil filter fitting and tighten it if necessary.

Fill with fresh oil to the top mark MAX on the oil level gauge, install the oil filler cap on the valve cover, and then start the engine. After turning off the emergency oil pressure indicator lamp, stop the engine and make sure there is no oil leakage from under the filter gasket. Allow the oil to drain into the crankcase for 10 minutes and check the oil level again, adding if necessary. Oil quantity from mark MIN to the mark MAX, is approximately 1 liter.

Mixing different motor oils in the ZMZ-409 engine.

The plant directly prohibits mixing motor oils of different brands and companies; in this case, good performance properties of the oil mixture cannot be guaranteed, since they can significantly deteriorate due to possible incompatibility of additives included in different oils.

When switching to oil of another brand or company, flushing the lubrication system of the ZMZ-409 engine with flushing or replacement oils is mandatory.

To flush the engine lubrication system, you must:

— drain the used oil from the crankcase of a warm engine,
— fill in special flushing or replacement oil to 2-4 mm. above the top mark MAX level indicator,
- start the engine and let it run at minimum crankshaft speed for at least 10 minutes,
— drain the special flushing or replacement oil,
- replace the oil filter,
- add fresh oil,
— start the engine, after turning off the emergency oil pressure lamp, stop the engine and after 10 minutes check the oil level, top up if necessary.

The cabin heater was made using a radiator from a KamAZ heater and two fans with electric motors from a UAZ 3151. On the front panel of the heater, I installed switches for the headlight cleaner, cabin heater, interior heater, door locks, cigarette lighter and ashtray. At the bottom of the panel on the right and left there are deflectors from VAZ 2105 to supply air to the feet of the driver and front passenger, in the middle part there are four VAZ 2107 deflectors to supply air to the cabin.

The interior heater was equipped with a more powerful electric motor with a larger diameter impeller. Air intake is only from the passenger compartment, and hot air is supplied through a pipe through adjustable nozzles from the VAZ 2105 to the feet of passengers in the cabin. The fluid supply to the heaters is completely separate and controlled from the cabin.

I removed the partition behind the cab and strengthened the body frame in the middle part. The battery (it is behind the driver's seat) was covered with a casing. It turned out to be a convenient place for a first aid kit and a warning triangle.

All four wheels have been fitted with mudguards, not installed by the factory, but required by traffic police inspectors. The standard sunroof was replaced with another one from KamAZ: it opens in all directions, which improves ventilation.

I installed upholstery on the front doors and personally assembled electric windows; there will also be locks with central locking. External mirrors - on racks from Gazelle - are mounted on brackets from KamAZ. If desired, they can be folded, reducing the size of the car. An additional mirror above the windshield serves as an overview of the interior.

I replaced all the seats with more comfortable ones from the decommissioned tourist Ikarus. The driver's seat has two adjustments: longitudinal and backrest angle. In the cabin I installed a folding table, which in the lower position “participates” in the formation of a berth, as well as six seats, three of which have adjustable backrest angles. The two middle seats in the back row are removable, allowing you to transport large items. I equipped tool boxes under the three seats of the cabin.

After all these replacements and modifications, both I and the passengers really like the car.

The homemade instrument panel features a modern Gazelle dashboard and key switches.

In a warm winter cabin with comfortable seats, passengers feel like they are in a nice bus.

Yuri KROMM, Novosibirsk zr.ru

As you know, winter is a difficult time of year not only for humans, but also for cars. And sudden temperature changes, in turn, create continuous problems for car owners.

Motor oil plays a major role in the proper operation of the internal combustion engine mechanism. The liquid effectively lubricates internal parts, preventing their premature wear. However, under the influence of high temperatures, the liquid loses its properties over time and must be replaced. How to change the oil yourself, read the article below.

How to change the oil in a UAZ Bukhanka engine with your own hands?

In order for the UAZ Bukhanka car to serve properly for many years, drivers need to regularly undergo technical inspections and also replace consumable parts. Mandatory procedures include changing the engine oil.

The process fluid performs the following functions:

• provides the necessary pressure force;
• effectively lubricates the surfaces of spare parts and prevents their wear;
• removes dirt and prevents blockages in the mechanism;
• regulates normal temperature.

After 70 thousand kilometers, the fluid must be replaced.

1. Motor fluid of the required viscosity and in sufficient volume. In order to determine what product needs to be poured into the UAZ Bukhanka, you should look at the technical documentation of the vehicle;
2. New oil filter;
3. A set of standard socket and chisel keys;
4. Funnel;
5. Empty container for draining waste;
6. Clean rags.

Which oil should you choose?

The driver can change the fluid in the system independently. To do this, you only need to purchase the necessary product recommended by the manufacturer. It is best to pour the original mixture labeled SAE80W90 (TAD-17) into the UAZ Bukhanka car. The most suitable brand is Lukoil.

When does the oil change?

The engine oil is most often changed at each scheduled maintenance. However, there are also factors that influence premature oil wear:

• intensive use of the vehicle;
• malfunction of the internal combustion engine mechanism;
• low class liquid (poor quality solution);
• unfavorable weather conditions (sharp drop in temperature).

The process of changing the oil in the UAZ Bukhanka engine with your own hands

Before draining old fluid from a UAZ Bukhanka car, you need to start the car and leave the engine running for 10 minutes. This way the oil heats up and becomes less viscous, causing it to flow out faster. Repair work should be carried out in a suitable place - a garage or driveway is suitable. It is important to remember that the car must be on a level surface.

The procedure for replacing the internal combustion engine fluid in a UAZ Bukhanka car:

1. Initially, you need to turn off the engine;
2. Next you need to get under the hood and disconnect the crankcase protection. If there is too little space under the car, you will need a jack;
3. Place the container and carefully open the drain hole. The oil may be hot, so wearing gloves is recommended;
4. Fluid will drain from the system within 15 minutes. During this time, you can change the oil filter or clean the old one, if possible;
5. Before installing a new oil filter, it is necessary to saturate its surface with a small amount of liquid;
6. Afterwards the mechanism is installed in its original place;
7. New internal combustion engine fluid is poured through a special hole. You can check the level using a metal dipstick.

After this, you need to start the engine and leave it running for 5 minutes. This way the liquid is evenly distributed throughout the system.

Changing the engine oil of various UAZ models

The procedure for changing internal combustion engine oil in different UAZ models is no different from the procedure described above. The only difference is the choice of motor fluid. For earlier models, only a synthetic solution is used, which includes protective additives. This mixture restores the insides of the engine and it begins to work at full power.

Consequences of untimely replacement

Ignoring recommendations from the UAZ car manufacturer for replacing engine fluid is fraught with consequences. First of all, the rubber mechanisms of the internal combustion engine fail, which, under the influence of high temperatures, begin to overheat and char. Remains of parts get into the oil, gradually contaminating it. Over time, such a liquid loses its properties and begins to negatively affect the engine.

To avoid premature engine failure, drivers are recommended to change the oil in the system every 30 thousand kilometers.

For many years since the purchase, I poured oil into the UAZ M8V engine and somehow everything seemed to be fine, but in recent years the quality of this oil has become, to put it bluntly, very poor. Of course, we would need to switch to something else, but there were leaks in some places, and since we had to constantly top up, we didn’t want to take the expensive option.

But after a major overhaul and elimination of all the problems, the question again arose of what kind of oil to pour into the UAZ engine. For some reason, the stores did not have the brands of oils listed in the repair and operation book. Having looked at the characteristics of these lubricants on the Internet, I selected the analogue 10W-40 that was closest in parameters to M8B oil.

Some parameters are even better, such as viscosity.

One of the main parameters for selecting engine oil is the compression ratio in the cylinders; 10W-40 fully meets this requirement. The table shows the technical characteristics:

When I started using this oil, I noticed that the pressure in the engine increased by half an atmosphere, and most importantly, the engine became quieter when running.

The oil pressure in the UAZ engine should be from 2 to 4 kgf/cm2 at a speed of 45 km/h, the maximum pressure can be up to 5 kgf/cm2. In hot weather it may be even lower, but all these indicators depend on the quality of the oil, the condition of the engine and pump. Starting the engine in winter is easier and it’s a nuisance to squeeze out the oil, which I wrote about in less.

System capacity

A fully filled engine lubrication system holds 5.8 liters. How much oil is poured into the UAZ engine depends on which filter is installed (large or small) and whether the oil cooler is connected. So to replace you need to buy 7 liters. 6 liters will fill up and one as a reserve.

Replacement

Oil changes in UAZ engines are carried out during seasonal maintenance or after 16,000 km. If only one oil was poured into the system and it is not very dirty, then flushing the engine is not necessary. Otherwise, you need to use flushing oil or purchase an additive that is added to the oil before draining.

It is also used in new injection vehicles such as the UAZ “Patriot”. Here is a table depending on the type of oil poured into the UAZ Patriot engine from the ambient temperature:

Oils for UAZ Patriot

Conclusion

To sum up the question of what kind of oil to pour into a UAZ engine, we can say that there are many options. However, you shouldn’t buy something cheap if you want the engine to serve you faithfully and for as long as possible. The performance can be further improved by using mineral oil of a higher price category, for example the “ZIC” brand for gasoline engines, the HIFLO category.

Today you can hear many different names for one of the oldest creations of the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant: “Loaf”, “Tablet”, “Loaf”. Their story began in 1965, when the first UAZ series rolled off the assembly line, and continues to this day. During this time, the model received updates several times, but even after decades of mass production, design changes never appeared in it. Utility Loaves were presented only with front-wheel drive and included a range of vehicles: carriage models, vans, trucks, minibuses and medical vehicles.

Over more than 50 years of production history, the model was equipped with different engines - UMZ and ZMZ with working volumes of 2.45, 2.7 and 2.9 liters. Since the 60s, 4-cylinder 2.45 liter units producing 74-76 hp have been operating under the hood. with a 4-speed manual transmission. A little later, the engine was replaced with a 2.9-liter engine with 84 and 86 hp. And the injection version with 99 hp is responsible for the operation of the car 22069. With each new engine, the Bukhanka became more economical and dynamic, which only fueled the interest of fans of the domestic automobile industry in it. You can find out what kind of oil and how much to pour into the listed engines further in the article.

Of course, when compared with modern imported cars of the same class, the Russian Bukhanka looks very modest and unusual. However, we should not forget that the initial purpose of the vehicle’s production was to conquer off-road conditions and satisfy the transport needs of the army. Accordingly, in the struggle between endurance, overload and external beauty, the winner was obvious. But the Bukhanka is well adapted to tuning and does not consume so much fuel: 8.4-11.5 liters per 100 km on the highway, depending on the load, and up to 14.5 liters in the urban cycle.

Generation 1 (1965 - present)

Engine UMZ 417 / 4175 / 4178 2.45 l. 72 and 90 hp

• Oil types (by viscosity): 5W-30, 5W-40, 10W-30, 10W-40, 15W-30, 15W-40, 20W-30, 20W-40
• When to change oil: 10000

Engine ZMZ 409.10 / 4091.10 / 4092.10 / 4094.10 2.7 l. 112 hp

• What kind of engine oil is filled from the factory (original): Synthetic 5W30
• How many liters of engine oil (total volume): 7.0 liters.
• Oil consumption per 1000 km: up to 100 ml.
• When to change oil: 7000

Engine UMZ 421 / 4213 / 4215 / 4216 / 4218 2.9 l. 99 and 115 hp

• What kind of engine oil is filled from the factory (original): Synthetic 5W30
• Oil types (by viscosity): 5W-30, 5W-40, 10W-30, 10W-40, 15W-40, 20W-40
• How many liters of oil in the engine (total volume): 5.8 liters.
• Oil consumption per 1000 km: up to 100 ml.
• When to change oil: 10000