Fills candles on a carburetor engine, reasons. Why floods the spark plugs, who gives them a shower? Fills candles vaz carburetor

An unsuccessful engine start can upset any car owner. Often the cause of the detected failure is the wet electrodes of the spark plug of a gasoline engine. Due to the complexity of diagnostics, the search for an answer to the question of why the spark plugs are flooded usually becomes a “blind” search.

A detailed analysis of the processes occurring in the engine cylinder helps to correctly understand the reasons for this phenomenon. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the type of fuel system and ignition, the season and the characteristics of the spark element.

How do flooded candles work?

Wet spark plug electrodes appear due to the ingress of only two liquids on their surface - gasoline or oil. In the first case, we boldly call the fuel intake system "guilty", and the reasons for the oiling of the electrodes are different.

The problem of flooding spark plugs is typical for engines of any system. Both carburetor and fuel injection engines suffer. Regardless of the source of failure, the failure of a plug to function normally is expressed as follows:

1. Refusal to start the motor... The malfunction is more typical for a cold engine, but it also occurs with the engine when trying to restart it.
2. The appearance of a persistent smell of unburned fuel... Gasoline-air mixture, when it enters the cylinder cavity, does not ignite and is thrown into the exhaust system.
3. When inspecting an unscrewed candle, damp electrodes or dark carbon deposits are observed.

It is easy to determine, without unscrewing the filled candle, by the absence of grabs when the engine crankshaft is scrolled.

Before deciding what to do with the malfunction of the ignition system, it is required to determine the nature of the malfunction and eliminate the source.

Reasons for constantly flooded candles

Wet electrodes are faults in two main directions. In the first case, the candles will be poured in case of malfunction of the power supply and ignition systems. In the second situation, the parts of the cylinder-piston group are to blame, when oil particles contaminate the electrodes.

The process of mixture formation in the cylinders, taking into account the cold start, is carried out according to the following algorithm. The engine control unit takes into account the outside temperature and the cold state of the engine. Taking into account the oxygen concentration, a decision is made to increase the supply to the injector. There is a deliberate enrichment of the working mixture. Under normal conditions, the engine will start without gaps. But under certain circumstances, the candles will flood without forming a spark:

1. Increased clearances of parts of the cylinder-piston group... With a cold engine, this leads to a decrease in compression, which does not contribute to the ignition of the mixture. The factor should not be considered if the problem is identified on a separate cylinder.
2. Poor fuel quality... Timely vaporization of gasoline is possible with its high quality and in the absence of dilution with condensate of humid air.
3. Uncertain scrolling of the crankshaft by the starter with thickened oil or weak battery... In this case, an insufficient spark is generated, which does not provide sufficient impulse to ignite the mixture.

All of these factors make up the causes of misfire. Sometimes the factors act as a whole, but it is better to diagnose them separately.

The reason is the candle

It is possible that the described factors do not affect the source of the spark in the cylinder. If she still pours gasoline on the candles, she herself often becomes the culprit. There are two possible situations here:

1. Sparking problem... As a result of the operation of the crank mechanism, the formation of pressure is possible, which cannot be overcome during the formation of a spark. This results from a large gap, insufficient current.
2. Leakage current. It occurs in worn-out products when the insulating properties of the spark body are violated, and the current flows directly to the ground.

If the owner of the car does not know how to properly test the spark plug, it is worth contacting a specialized service to test the product at the stand.

When replacing candles due to their failure, pay attention to high-quality and durable products. To answer the question which spark plugs are better, follow these rules:

• compliance with nominal sizes;
• selection of a spark source according to the degree of forcing of the motor;
• material of electrodes with a long service life.

If it is impossible to independently determine all the parameters, do not hesitate to consult with the seller.

Sprinkles electrodes with oil

Another common cause of electrode flooding is related to the engine lubrication system. Such a malfunction will befall both the injector and the carburetor engine. It is appropriate to exclude from this list only two-stroke motors, where a separate lubrication system does not exist.

When determining the source of "oily" electrodes, the area of ​​contamination should be considered. In this case, the following circumstances are taken into account:

1. Bottom plug contamination... The reason is the wear of the piston system or even damage to the oil scraper ring.
2. Accumulation of grease at the top... The appearance of oil is possible due to damage to the valve cover gasket or valve seals.

The causes of damage to engine elements lie in overheating of the motor, operation with an overestimated oil level, clogging of the ventilation duct of the motor crankcase. A detailed diagnosis of the reasons for the refusal should be entrusted to experienced minders.

Other engine malfunctions

Among other reasons for the malfunction of the candle, there are:

• violation of fuel injection pressure and lack of fine spray;
• malfunction of the sensors of the electronic control unit;
• clogged fuel injectors and malfunctioning of the high pressure pump.

Usually, these reasons are clarified after the first negative results of the primary diagnosis. In this case, doubts like "what to do" are resolved by a comprehensive diagnostics of the operation of the internal combustion engine systems.

Directions of elimination of the situation

When candles are filled with gasoline, it is usually sufficient to dry them. It is enough to unscrew them from the seat and turn the engine to purge the cylinders with air for 10-15 seconds, and treat the electrodes with a stream of hot air.

The closed blowdown method can also be used. Here you need to know how to use the controls correctly. With the gas pedal fully depressed, the crankshaft is scrolled. Abundant streams of air also dry out the candles. On subsequent release of gas, the incoming gasoline ignites.

With regularly working unstable candles, we choose further actions based on the causes of the malfunction. It is better to replace damaged spark plugs and repair a serious engine malfunction.

In addition to the already named main reason for filling candles, there may be others:

1. At the start, the crankshaft turns slowly (we repair the crankshaft).
2. The malfunction lies in the valve stem seals that let oil through (we change the valve stem seals).
3. The nozzle is clogged, but it continues to supply gasoline, and the candles are filled with it (we clean the injector).
4. Water appears in gasoline (this happens most often in winter, we choose the right brand of gasoline - "winter" or "summer").

The latter case is also quite common, especially at sub-zero temperatures. This is due to the fact that gasoline, which has low volatility, has a poor combination with cold air, so the fuel mixture turns out to be heterogeneous and begins to fill the spark plug elements.

What to do if it pours candles on the VAZ-2114 injector

Experts advise, if a similar problem is found, initially to check the correct formation of a spark on all candles. To do this, you will have to examine each of them:

• turn off the ignition;
• remove the plastic engine cover;
• disconnect one of the battery terminals;
• remove high-voltage connectors (for this you just need to pull them out by the rubber caps);
• dismantle each candle using a special spanner wrench (also called a "candle" wrench);
• close the candle well (this should prevent dust from entering it).

As soon as the candle is in our hands, we immediately inspect it for carbon deposits. After that, the distances between the spark plug contacts are checked - the digital values ​​must correspond to the part passport.

If carbon deposits are noticed on the spark plug element, then it must be removed without fail. This can be done with a brush - either a toothbrush or a metal cleaner. After cleaning, put in place, after drying it. To do this, just use a regular hair dryer.

Another way to dry the spark plug elements directly in the engine, without unscrewing them, is to purge the cylinders from the unburned fuel mixture:

• remove the block of wires from the ignition module (necessary for reinsurance so that the module does not burn out when the engine is cranking);
• include a starter;
• sink the gas pedal;
• twist the starter for 7 minutes.

As a result of such actions, air is sucked in through the ramp. If it is noticed that the candle is in a faulty condition, then it is simply replaced with a new one. Of course, it takes a lot of time to check, clean and dry old candles every time. Therefore, experts advise buying a set of new candles and simply replacing the filled ones.

When it's not about the spark plugs, but about the carburetor or engine, a completely different repair will be required.

Candle cleaning prophylaxis

Experts recommend a simple preventive procedure for cleaning the injection system and candles, which can be carried out monthly. To do this, you should:

1. Drive onto the road with a distance of 100 kilometers.
2. Drive the car at a speed of 120 km / h.

Due to the strong pressure exerted, the injector system goes into self-cleaning mode.

Flooded, wet spark plugs after starting - this situation is familiar to almost all owners of cars with carburetor engines. At the same time, starting the engine with flooded spark plugs is very problematic. If at this moment the spark plugs are unscrewed, they will be wet, filled with gasoline, which in most cases is a consequence of a very strong enrichment of the fuel mixture in the start mode.

List of the main reasons leading to flooding of spark plugs

- Start of a hot engine on "suction".

Starting a warmed-up engine with the "suction" handle extended towards itself and a closed air damper will lead to a strong enrichment of the fuel mixture in this mode and, as a consequence, flooding of candles.

- The carburetor starter is defective or not adjusted.

To a greater extent, the problem concerns a cold start. It is necessary that the starting clearances "A" and "B" were set exactly, that is, there was a starting device. In addition, the PU diaphragm mechanism must have an intact, non-punctured diaphragm and have a sealed housing. Otherwise, when starting a cold engine, the carburetor air damper will not open slightly to a certain angle (this is the whole point of the PU operation), forcibly depleting the fuel mixture with a portion of additional air. The absence of such a slight opening will lead to excessive enrichment of the fuel mixture in the cold start mode and the candles will flood.

- Defective spark plugs.

"Punched" ones with black carbon deposits, with an incorrect gap between the electrodes of the spark plugs, will not be able to ignite the rich fuel mixture entering the cylinders in the start mode and will be immediately filled with gasoline. It is advisable to have a spare set of candles in order to quickly change them if necessary. can be filled with fuel, both during cold and hot start.

- Defective needle shut-off valve in the carburetor float chamber.

The needle valve of the float chamber can be leaky (either from wear or from a defect) and allow excess fuel to pass into the float chamber, which in turn again leads to an over-enrichment of the fuel mixture in the start mode. Moreover, due to a faulty needle valve, the candles can be filled both during a cold start and during a hot one. Very often, a leaky valve gives out a constant smell of gasoline in the engine compartment and fuel leaks on the carburetor. It is recommended to use a needle valve and replace with a new one if necessary.

- Pumps the fuel pump.

The gas pump can pump due to an incorrectly adjusted drive. The excess fuel pressure created by it on the needle valve will lead to overflow of fuel and an increase in its level in the float chamber, which in turn will entail excessive enrichment of the fuel mixture. It needs a drive.

- GDS air jets clogged.

GDS air jets supply air to the fuel mixture, allowing it to have the correct ratio (gasoline / air) required to start the engine confidently. A decrease in the amount of incoming air or its absence at all due to clogged air nozzles leads to a strong re-enrichment of the fuel mixture and the subsequent flooding of candles. Cm. .

- Poor volatility of fuel vapors in frost.

In severe frost, the volatility of the fuel (fuel vapors ignite at start-up) is greatly reduced. Fuel settles on the walls of the intake manifold and, getting into the combustion chambers, fills the candles. It is recommended to press the gas pedal several times before starting and wait 15-20 seconds and only then start the engine. Some drivers spill boiling water on the outside of the intake manifold and only then start the car engine.

Notes and additions

- If the spark plugs are filled with fuel, but you still need to start the engine right now, and without troubleshooting, then it is recommended to do the following. We drown the "suction", press the gas pedal all the way down and turn the engine with the starter for a few seconds. In this case, the throttle valves of both chambers of the carburetor will be fully open, the mixing chambers are subjected to strong blowing, and the candles will dry quickly. You can repeat this "purge" a couple of times with an interval of a minute (if the battery allows) and then try to start the engine again.

The advantage of a good car is its trouble-free operation. However, some cars create problems for their owners when starting the engine. The cause of the problem does not always lie in a discharged battery or a lack of fuel in the tank. Candles are often the culprit in gasoline engines.

Excessive fuel does not allow spark formation in a timely manner. This results in an imbalance in the cycles. At the same time, not all novice motorists understand why spark plugs are flooded, although there may be several reasons.

Ignition problems often occur during the cold season. With an open storage method, a frosty morning can bring trouble to the car owner.

It will be possible to identify the problem by some indirect signs:

• rotation by the starter of the crankshaft is present, but seizure does not occur;
• a distinct smell of gasoline spreads through the exhaust system, which is heard especially when the starter is rotating;
• unscrewing the candles, you can notice the remains of fuel not only on the electrodes, but also on the threads, and the underside is covered with dark carbon deposits.

It is important to know that the injector fills the candles with gasoline in frost much less often than carburetor counterparts do.

There are certain features when filling candles in a car with an injection power supply system and a carburetor one, but in both cases, the common thing is the presence of the fact that fuel has entered the chamber and the absence of its ignition. In this case, the contacts are in the liquid, sparking does not occur, and further normal operation of the motor becomes impossible.

Wet spark plugs: causes

Based on the practice of most motorists, the following circumstances are the predecessor of flooding:

• Filling with low quality fuel. In winter, an important factor is the purity of gasoline from unwanted components that have a direct impact on the quality of ignition. An excessive amount of paraffins minimizes the ease of starting in such cold conditions. Do not forget about the presence of condensate in the tank, collecting from temperature extremes.
• Breakdown of the ignition system. Difficulties are created not only by candles, but also by the work of high-voltage wiring. For old, long-used candles, gaps are distorted, there are defects on the body or on the electrodes. The consequence is the absence of a spark. It is important to monitor the performance of the system as a whole.
• Low battery power. It is worth waiting for problems at a low charge level - by 40-50%. When the ambient temperature drops, not every battery is capable of operating, delivering maximum power sufficient to rotate the starter and the full functioning of the ignition system. The result is the supply of fuel to the cylinders, however, ignition is not carried out, the spark plug electrodes are filled.

In reality, what can happen is that the electronic control unit takes into account the external temperature, the current heating of the engine, the mass of oxygen in the air sent to the engine, etc. A command is sent to open the injectors, which enriches the mixture with fuel, facilitating a cold start. At primary idle speed, the automation helps the stable operation / starting of the power plant.

Such events can negatively affect engines with significant wear of the cylinder-piston group. There will be a small compression inside, at the lower permissible limit. An additional negative will be a slightly shrunken battery, thick oil and soot deposits on the contacts of the candles. As a result, the consequences will be noticeable:

• low quality gasoline enters through the nozzles, which evaporates weakly due to the low ambient temperature;
• the crankshaft lowered into thick grease is hardly rotated by the starter;
• in a cooled engine, cold parts are not expanded, and due to the low temperature, gaps in the cylinder-piston group are noticeable and compression is reduced;
• a weak spark is generated due to contamination of the spark plug contacts with soot.

Even some of the problems from this set can lead to difficulty in starting the motor or starting intermittently. Accordingly, most of the listed parameters will have to be monitored.

It is important to know that if one of the candles is poured regularly, then it is necessary to check the state of compression in a particular cylinder.

Filling in the presence of a spark and rotation of the starter

Experienced motorists are faced with situations when a spark appears, the starter rotates, but the lower part of the candles is filled with gasoline. Do not delude yourself with the presence of a fire, since this event can occur irregularly under pressure, and can be lost during the operation of the motor.

The cause of the event is overpressure in the cylinders. It will be possible to identify the event and the factors driving it when monitoring a car at a stand that simulates a combustion chamber.

We recommend that you pay attention to the valve timing, because their failure will be the cause of wet electrodes... In injection internal combustion engines, motorists must check the operation of the bypass valve located on the fuel rail. If you exclude its problems, you will need to find out the gasoline pressure in the rail, because the manufacturer regulates this parameter. Sharp fluctuations and going beyond the specified interval (larger / smaller sides) can block the start of the internal combustion engine or stimulate the flooding of contacts for spark ignition.

Diagnostics will need to be carried out for the sensors of the electronic control system and for the injectors. An example of a failure is sending invalid data from the coolant temperature sensor. In such a situation, the control unit unreasonably re-enriches the fuel mixture. Much less often, the culprit of incorrect impulses is a failed electronic control unit or a failure of its software. In this case, problems will manifest themselves not only with the ignition.

Oil problems

The contacts of the spark plugs can be filled not only with fuel, but also with oil. The facts are found on both carburetor and injection engines. One or more cylinders may fail.

When the candles are thrown with oil, the first step is to identify whether the filling is from the bottom or from the top. This is noticeable by which part of the candle is more dirty. If lubricant accumulates inside the spark plug well, it is necessary to check the tightness of the cover valve gasket, as well as the seals located nearby.

If there is visible black carbon deposits on the screwed-out plug in the area of ​​the threads, then oil will seep out of the well. Accordingly, pouring is carried out from below. It will be necessary to measure the compression in the cylinders, because the chance of failure of the oil scraper rings is significantly increased. Events can happen to them:

• a crack has appeared;
• bedding occurred;
• the mating surfaces are worn out.

It can also cause wear on the liner or cylinder block wall. Additionally, we recommend checking the condition of the directional valves, valve stem seals, possible cracks in the block head through which grease penetrates.

Dealing with the consequences

Let's figure out what to do if the candles are flooded. If the motorist is sure that this has happened, then it is worth drying them in one of the selected ways. Most operating instructions for machines with an injection fuel system recommend immediately unscrewing them from the socket with a candle wrench.

At the next stage, dry the engine by scrolling the starter without candles for about 10 seconds. After drying, we return the spark arresters to their nests and try to start in the normal mode.

It is allowed to start the engine with the option of purging the cylinders when the candles are filled. In many situations, this option will make it possible to start the power plant without additional removal of parts. The purging of the cylinders in the injection engines is carried out by fully pressing the accelerator pedal during start and cranking the starter for 10 seconds. Then let go of the pedal and try to start up in a classic way.

It is important to understand that by depressing the gas pedal during purging, the driver opens the maximum throttle valve, which stimulates maximum air penetration into the cylinders and ensures drying of wet surfaces.

Even after purging, the engine may not start in some cases. Then you will have to dry the candles, first unscrewing and pre-cleaning them from carbon deposits. You will need a medium-hard brush. To remove moisture, a building hair dryer or oven is suitable, after which control the gap between the electrodes.

After such operations, it is worth purchasing a new set of candles, since the resource of the old ones is significantly reduced after annealing. Replacement is usually carried out after 15-25 thousand kilometers, regardless of the external state... With frequent pouring, it is necessary to get rid of the cause that causes it, and not the consequences.

When candles are poured on an injection engine, then, as a rule, problems arise with starting it. For example, in the evening you returned from work, parked your car and calmly walked home.

Morning comes, you have to go to work, and the car refuses to start. And the starter turns, but there are no signs of even attempts to ignite the fuel composition.

Therefore, a modern car enthusiast must be ready for any surprises and be able to respond to them correctly.

By the way, this phenomenon is typical for any of the types of fuel systems (carburetor, injection - this is not essential).

In most cases, the trouble occurs in winter, when it is frosty outside. In the warm season, fueling the spark plugs on the injector occurs much less frequently.

So what do you do?

Main reasons

First, let's look at the main reasons for this phenomenon. Surprisingly, but the main source of problems in this case is the car's ECU and the features of its firmware.

When the street is "minus", the system tries to create certain conditions for the fuel mixture. It is no secret that oxygen volumes are much higher in frosty air.

So it turns out that the ECU sends an order to the injectors to give a larger volume of fuel.

Naturally, "orders are not discussed" and the injectors increase the amount of gasoline injected.

What's next?

The accumulator undergoes colossal loads in cold weather and may not produce the required voltage level (and there is no guarantee that it is new).

You turn the ignition key, the injectors deliver the required volume of gasoline to the combustion chamber, the starter does everything possible to crank the crankshaft and create a sufficient level of compression in the engine.

The candle is trying to work at the same time.

That's right, but the quality of domestic fuel is far from being at the best level.

At the same time, in cold conditions (and even not on a new car), it is not always possible to achieve ideal compression.

The injectors have done their job, the spark plugs “every other time” spark, and the compression level is too low. The result is flooded candles.

How to proceed?

If it floods the candles on the injector, you can go in two ways.

The first is the simplest... Unscrew the candles and dry them well. To "drive" the engine, you need to turn the starter for at least 8-12 seconds. At the end of the work, the candles can be returned to their place and try to start the engine.

Method two... Start-up in the so-called "purge mode".

What to do in this case?

Press down on the accelerator pedal as far as it will go and turn the key in the ignition lock.

Crank the starter for 8-10 seconds. At the end of this time, the pedal can be returned to its original position.

In most cases, the engine will start.

The peculiarity of this method is that when the gas is fully pressed, the fuel supply to the engine is shut off, and the candles themselves are blown exclusively with air.

If the engine still does not start, then it is necessary to dry the candles.

How to do it?

As tools, you can use a regular toothbrush (or metal brush) and a hair dryer (for more effective drying).

If it is possible to take the candles home, then you can “ignite” them in the oven or directly on the stoves. But this method is only temporary.

If the candles have already departed their resource, then it is better to simply change them.

It happens that almost every day he floods the candles on the injector. In such a situation, it is necessary to carry out a complete check of the elements - for the presence of a spark outlet, the cleanliness of the nozzles, the quality of the spark, and so on.

How to act to rule out trouble

• firstly, you need to monitor the battery charge level and periodically (this is especially true for winter);
• secondly, monitor the health and if any problems arise, do not be lazy to go to the diagnostics;
• thirdly, only the best quality, which is suitable for use in winter;
• fourthly, promptly change and inspect high-voltage wires for the fact of their probable failure;
• fifth, adjust and. It's easy to do - add one of the special formulations that are sold in stores to the tank;
• sixth, use high quality. To do this, refuel at proven gas stations.

Remember that during the cold season, the engine does not like small trips at low speeds.