The injection engine does not develop power. The engine does not develop full power

Reducing the number of engine revolutions significantly affects its power and traction. If suddenly your car has lost its former agility, you should think about diagnosing it, because such symptoms do not bode well.

In this article, we will talk about why the engine does not develop speed and what this may be due to. We will also consider the probable causes of loss of power by the power unit and methods for their elimination.

Symptoms

Determining that the engine does not develop the speed that it should develop is not difficult, especially if you have driven a car before and know its native characteristics. Those drivers who have encountered a similar problem in their practice know that a decrease in power is characterized by sluggish acceleration, loss of dynamics, traction, as well as engine overheating and increased fuel consumption. Sometimes these processes are accompanied by bluish or even black exhausts.

Are you pressing the accelerator pedal and the engine is not revving well? Pay attention to the tachometer. A serviceable motor should instantly respond to an increase in the amount of fuel supplied to the combustion chambers by increasing the number of rotations of the crankshaft. And if this does not happen, you need to urgently look for a malfunction.

Main reasons

There can be many reasons why the engine does not develop speed. Here is a list of the most common ones:

• the power unit is not warmed up to operating temperature;
• low or, conversely, excessive fuel level in the float chamber;
• the accelerator pump is faulty;
• clogging of jets, carburetor channels;
• air leak in the intake manifold;
• ignition timing incorrectly set;
• valve timing is broken;
• gaps of spark plugs are violated;
• clogged air or fuel filter;
• malfunction of mass air flow sensors, crankshaft position, position throttle valve, detonation;
• insufficient compression in the cylinders, etc.

As you can see, the list is quite voluminous, although it cannot be called complete. Let's consider in more detail the listed faults.

Cold engine

It would be wrong to demand power unit full power until its temperature reaches the operating temperature (90 0 C), especially when it comes to a carburetor injection engine. Cold engine does not develop full speed, even with a fully closed air damper. The fuel mixture must be preheated before it enters the combustion chambers. Otherwise, the car will “twitch”, and the engine will stall and detonate. So if your car is equipped with carbureted engine, do not rush to leave until it warms up.

Fuel level in float chamber

The fuel level in the float chamber can also affect the operation of the power unit. If it is lower than it should be, the concentration of gasoline in the combustible mixture decreases. Because of this, the engine does not develop power. At an overestimated level, the mixture, on the contrary, is too enriched, but more than the norm enters the combustion chambers. Before entering the cylinders, it does not have time to warm up in the intake manifold, which leads to detonation and loss of speed.

The fuel level is adjusted by bending (bending) the float mounts.

Accelerator pump, channels and carburetor jets

Continuing the theme of the loss of power of the carburetor engine, one cannot fail to mention the accelerator pump. It is on its serviceability that the response of the power unit to pressing the accelerator pedal depends. Most often, the problem lies in the fuel supply, and the “spouts” of the sprayer are to blame for this, through which gasoline is supplied in a thin stream. To check the performance of the carburetor accelerator pump, you will need to remove the air filter so that a view of the first chamber opens. Next, you need to open and hold it for a few seconds. At the same time, a thin (about 1 mm) stream of fuel should escape from the "nose" of the accelerator, directed exactly into the second chamber. If the jet is low-power or curved, this is a sign of clogging of the atomizer, jets, valves of the accelerator pump. This problem is solved by cleaning them.

Air leak in intake manifold

Another reason why the engine does not develop speed may be a banal air leak in the intake manifold of the power unit. Symptoms of such a malfunction are difficult starting of the engine, its “triple”, problems with an increase in fuel consumption and, of course, a loss in the number of revolutions. This all happens due to a sharp depletion of the mixture due to unaccounted for air entering the combustion chambers.

Most often, depressurization of the system occurs due to wear on the intake manifold gasket. It is quite difficult to determine that the injection engine does not develop speed precisely because of air leakage, just as it is not easy to find the place of depressurization itself. It is better to entrust it to specialists. But there are some things you can try to do yourself. You can, for example, take a syringe with a needle, fill it with gasoline (or solarium for diesel units) and treat with fuel the junction of the manifold with the engine around the perimeter. If the gasket between them has become unusable, then gasoline will be sucked into the combustion chambers along with air. If, after starting the engine, you notice positive changes in its operation, you can be sure that the reason lies precisely in the suction.

Wrong ignition timing

It often happens that unlucky car owners, wondering why the engine does not develop speed, forget about the moment of ignition, although it is he who plays the most important role in the operation of the power unit. Timely ignition of the fuel mixture in the combustion chambers depends on it. If the ignition timing is set incorrectly, you will never, by any means and methods, achieve the coordinated operation of all engine systems and mechanisms.

In injection power units, the corresponding sensors are responsible for the correct moment. Their job is to collect information and transmit it to an electronic control unit, which in turn adjusts the angle. There are no such sensors in carburetor engines, so the ignition is set manually by scrolling the top of the ignition distributor.

Setting the correct angle on your own and without special equipment is not easy, although it is possible. At service stations, a special stroboscope is used for this, with the help of which the specialist determines the position of the mark on the crankshaft at a certain position of the distributor.

Violation of the valve timing

Timing problems usually occur when the timing belt breaks or when it is replaced. Having made a mistake in the form of a shift of at least one “tooth” between the gears of the crankshaft and the gas distribution mechanism, you will get real problem in the form of unstable engine operation, increased fuel consumption, colored exhaust and other troubles.

In order not to get into a similar situation, work on and repair of all elements associated with it should be carried out at service stations. Well, if this is not possible, then it is necessary to carefully check and double-check the correspondence of the marks on the timing gears, crankshaft and flywheel.

Gaps between electrodes

The next reason why the engine slowly develops speed or does not develop them at all may be wrong. There was a normal car with a normally working engine, but you didn’t like something, and you decided to change the candles, but didn’t read the manufacturer’s recommendations. An error in the gap of one tenth or one hundredth of a millimeter will certainly make negative adjustments to the operation of the engine. Depending on its increase or decrease, this may be difficult starting, loss of traction, power reduction, excessive fuel consumption, etc.

When it comes to clearances, two-stroke engines cannot be ignored. For them, candles are one of the most important elements that ensure the stable operation of the motor. So, if it does not develop speed, the first step is to check the condition of the electrodes and the compliance of the gap with the recommended indicators.

Clogged air and fuel filters

Needless to say once again that filters need to be changed every 7-10 thousand kilometers, and in special operating conditions twice as often. Contamination of these elements causes difficulties in supplying fuel or air to the manifold and leads to a violation of the normal operation of the engine. The lack of normal fuel pressure in the fuel line causes a depletion of the combustible mixture, and if problems arise with the air supply, it is re-enriched. In both the first and second cases, the engine "suffocates", heats up excessively, loses power, speed, consumes more fuel.

Such a malfunction is eliminated by replacing the filter elements.

Sensor failure

In comparison with the carburetor, the injection engine wins due to the fact that its operation is controlled by electronics, and if any problems arise, the driver will know about them by an error signal on the control panel. He will only have to connect the tester and read the code to determine which of the nodes is out of order. This happens thanks to electronic sensors that control the operation of the main systems and mechanisms. But they are not eternal either.

If any of them refuses to work, the engine goes into emergency mode. Due to the fact that the electronic unit ceases to receive the necessary information, the operation of the power unit becomes unstable.

Insufficient compression

And finally, the most unpleasant malfunction, which leads to a decrease in speed and loss of engine power, is insufficient compression. It is a consequence of the wear of parts of the piston group or the occurrence (coking) of the piston rings. As a result, the pressure in the combustion chambers decreases, and part of the energy from the combustion of the combustible mixture is simply lost.

Compression is measured with a compression gauge. Its normal performance, depending on the type of engine, can vary from 10 to 14 kg / cm 2. Having found a similar problem, you should think about overhauling the engine.

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With long-term operation of the car, sooner or later the time comes when the driver begins to notice that the car “pulls” worse and worse. In other words, the motor does not cope well even with small loads. To overcome them, you have to spin the crankshaft almost to the maximum speed. Other signs also appear: sluggish acceleration from a standstill, difficulties in picking up speed when overtaking, etc. In this case, increased exhaust smoke may be observed, but there are no extraneous noises under the hood during the operation of the power plant - it works smoothly and calmly. So what happened, why is the car not pulling?

Causes of power loss common to all types of engines

If there are no other signs of deterioration in engine operation, except for loss of traction, it is worth conducting a comprehensive check, which consists in testing the power unit by the "method of elimination".

Poor quality fuel

In about 50% of cases, the "culprit" of the loss of traction is fuel. Due to its low quality or inappropriate octane number (OC), the engine does not develop power.

You can determine that the wrong fuel is in the car tank by a number of signs:

1. The engine started getting worse.
2. There was a detonation. This symptom is most pronounced if the fuel with the required octane rating is diluted with gasoline with a lower octane rating.
3. When examining spark plugs turned out of the cylinder block (BC), one can see black or reddish (brick) color deposits, which are uncharacteristic for serviceable parts, which indicates the presence of unnecessary impurities. The first option suggests that gasoline does not burn completely, the second confirms the presence of additives containing metal.
4. Inefficient candles. This can be determined with sharp set speed when the engine does not have a margin for further acceleration. Candles can be clogged due to low-quality fuel or simply exhausted.

Solving the problem is not difficult: low-quality fuel should be drained and the tank filled with suitable fuel with the required octane. Clean the candles from soot, and if their service life has come to an end, replace them with new ones, all at once, complete from one manufacturer. When soot appears, you will again have to deal with the diagnosis of the cylinder-piston group (CPG) and (or) the fuel system.

Dirty air and fuel filters

If the first of them is clogged and does not pass air well, the mixture will turn out to be excessively rich, that is, there will be a lot of fuel in it, which will cease to burn completely. As a result, the thrust of the engine will drop. If the fuel filter is dirty, the result in terms of the operation of the power unit will be the same, only with the difference that the mixture will become very poor, because there will be little gasoline in it. Premature contamination of the air filter may be caused by the operation of the machine in dusty conditions, and the fuel filter - poor quality fuel.

Violation of the valve timing

The main parts of the gas distribution mechanism (timing) are the intake and exhaust valves. They are "obliged" to open and close only at the right time so that the fuel mixture enters the cylinders on time and the exhaust gases are removed. This process is called phase distribution. If it is violated, you will see that the power of the engine has disappeared, which will begin to "troit", and sometimes it will not start well.

Causes of violation of the valve timing:

• wear, as well as improper installation, displacement of the chain or timing belt (most often this is a jump by one tooth (link));
• backlash or deformation of the pulley on the crankshaft;
• wear of hydraulic lifters, camshaft and (or) its bed;
• burnout or rupture of the BC head gasket;
• malfunction of the camshaft position sensor (DPRV).

To restore the normal operation of the timing, it is necessary to set the position of the timing shafts and the crankshaft according to the marks. If the chain is worn, replace it. The same applies to the camshaft with bed, hydraulic lifters, gasket and DPRV.

Exhaust resistance

Many people think that the only task of the exhaust system is to muffle loud sound and remove exhaust gases. However, in modern cars a catalyst is installed that reduces the level of emissions of harmful substances. With severe contamination of this element or its destruction, the passage of gases is difficult. As a result, the motor runs "like strangled."

In Russia, the problem is solved by elementary removal of the catalyst. However, it must be remembered that in some car models, such an operation will require changes in electronics (programming).

Violation of the ignition timing

We are talking about the moment of ignition of the combustible mixture. It is this that determines the ignition timing (IG). When it deviates towards increase, the mixture lights up early, towards decrease - late. Both options lead to improper engine operation, incomplete combustion of the mixture, which may be accompanied by pops in the muffler. On injection engines VAZ 2110, 211, 212, 214, 215 (there are also classics with an injector, for example, VAZ 2107), UOZ is set automatically, on carburettor VAZ 2101-2106, 07, 08, 09 (the last two models can be with an injector) it must be installed manually.

Signs of a violation of the POP:

• difficult start of the engine;
• increase in fuel and oil consumption;
• drop in pick-up and power of the power unit;
• unstable operation of the internal combustion engine at idle;
• the car responds badly when you press the gas pedal.

UOZ adjustment on an injection engine

Here everything is controlled by electronics. First you need to make sure that it is functioning properly and that the throttle sensor is working. At idle, it should be ajar by about 1% (if this is not the case, set up a mechanical drive), the normal voltage at its contacts is 0.45-0.55 V (the auto network should output 13-14.3 V). When you sharply press the gas pedal, the damper should open by 90 ”, and the voltage on the sensor should increase to 4.5 V. If this is not the case, you need to adjust the damper drive and check the sensor (TPPS) for proper operation.

To do this:

• take the tester and put it in the voltage measurement position;
• disconnect the connector from the sensor - you will see three contacts - one goes to ground, the other to the computer (which one is connected to, determine from the diagram);
• start the motor and check the supply voltage - it should be about 5 V;
• turn off the engine and switch the tester to the resistance measurement mode;
• with the damper closed, between the ground and the contact going to the computer, the device should show 0.8-1.2 kOhm;
• with the damper open, the resistance is 2.3-2.7 kOhm.

If the received data does not match the above parameters, the sensor must be replaced. If that doesn't work, check the ECU.

Setting UOZ on carburetor engines

The easiest and most effective way is to use a conventional 12-volt light bulb.

Action algorithm:

1. Turn the crankshaft pulley until the marks match (on the cover - this is the central risk) using a special spanner wrench. If it is not there, turn on 4th speed and push the car until the marks match.
2. From the ignition interrupter (distributor), disconnect the thin wire going to the coil and attach a light bulb to it, the second contact of which is connected to ground.
3. Loosen the nut securing the distributor (usually it is a turnkey on "13").
4. Turn on the ignition, make sure that the lamp is on, and slowly turn the distributor around its axis until it goes out.
5. Now turn the distributor again until the light flashes, and immediately tighten the distributor nut.

Malfunctioning spark plugs

The planned replacement of these elements of the ignition system is carried out after 20-30 thousand kilometers. If the candles are platinum, the resource increases to 100 thousand km. However, the situation when candles (most often one of them) fail prematurely is not uncommon.

You can see and hear it for a number of signs:

• the engine starts with difficulty, especially in winter;
• idling is unstable, the tachometer needle jumps, the engine may stop periodically;
• during the operation of the power unit, increased vibration is observed, for example, the gearshift lever is shaking;
• weak acceleration dynamics - the car does not develop full power, it “dulls”;
• when you press the accelerator, “dips” are noticeable;
• fuel consumption has increased.

When one spark plug fails, experienced drivers say that the engine is "troit", that is, only 3 out of 4 cylinders work.

To find the faulty part, you need:

• put on dielectric rubber gloves;
• with the engine running, disconnect the high-voltage wire from each spark plug in turn;
• at the same time, the nature of the operation of the motor should change, the speed should fall, but if this did not happen, then the cylinder does not work - the candle does not form a spark.

It is worth finding out the reason for the poor performance of the part, it is quite possible that it is defective. If other candles subsequently begin to fail, you will have to look for the cause elsewhere - the CPG or the fuel system.

Compression reduction

Often, the reasons for the loss of engine power can be associated with the banal wear of the power unit. Do not forget that a car aged about 100 thousand kilometers begins to lose its power by 10-15%. If you think that the losses are excessive, you need to check the compression. Its nominal value is indicated in the documentation for the machine. For testing, you will need an inexpensive device - a compression gauge, which is a pressure gauge mounted on a hollow tube or connected to a rubber hose equipped with a tip. It is screwed into the cylinder block instead of a candle. Next, disconnect the high voltage wire from the ignition coil. Scroll the crankshaft with a starter and note the highest reading of the compression gauge. The operation must be repeated for each cylinder.

A pressure below that specified in the instructions by more than 15% indicates wear on the rings, pistons, cylinder block walls, and valves. To solve the problem, you can bore the BC to the repair size, replace the piston rings, grind (or replace) the valves.

Automatic transmission malfunctions

One of the tasks of the gearbox is to transmit torque to the wheels. And if this process is disturbed, then the engine does not gain momentum. You hit the gas and the acceleration is sluggish. The whole thing may be in the slipping of the automatic transmission.

There are several reasons for this:

• low-quality or not what the manufacturer recommends gear oil;
• clogged filters;
• clogged channels of the valve body;
• faulty solenoids (in this case, slippage is observed “hot”);
• clutch wear (maximum service life 200-300 thousand km);
• problem with the control unit.

Most of the above malfunctions in a garage are difficult to fix. Therefore, you will have to use the services of a specialized technical station.

If the carburetor engine does not pull

A carburetor is a mechanical device for preparing a combustible mixture of fuel and air. If in this mechanism the proportions of the components are violated, then the engine does not pull.

You need to adjust the carburetor in stages:

1. Jets. Check their calibration - the air supply part must have a larger diameter than the one through which the fuel enters.
2. Throttle valve. When you press the gas, it should open completely (if this is not the case, adjust the drive).
3. Ignition system. Her contact option was discussed above. To check the non-contact system, turn on the ignition and look at the dashboard voltmeter - its arrow will go to "12", and after a second it will rise higher. If you don't have a voltmeter, substitute a known-good switch and check the ignition system again.

Why there is a loss of power of the injection engine

A feature of this motor is a gasoline pump that works like an electric motor. If it does not work properly, the engine speed will be unstable in all ranges. That is, the fuel will be supplied unevenly, which will lead to a drop in the power of the power unit. The pump may not work well due to a dirty filter - it must be checked and cleaned if necessary. Another reason for the loss of power of the injection engine is the inefficient operation of the nozzles, which become contaminated during operation. It is necessary to carry out diagnostics using a special (even home-made) stand and clean the parts or replace them with new ones. The next reason is the incorrect operation of the electronics. It can be sensors or the ECU itself. In the latter case, it is recommended to install a serviceable unit or go to the service station.

If you have any questions - leave them in the comments below the article. We or our visitors will be happy to answer them.

Every driver wants his car to function properly. But any technique often fails, the same applies to vehicles. One of the most common problems is the inability to develop optimal engine speeds. internal combustion. It is not at all necessary that the motor will be the cause of the malfunction. As practice shows, there are a lot of options. As well as ways to treat a similar problem with your own hands.

1 What are the symptoms of a problem?

Experienced drivers are well aware of the capabilities of their "iron horse" and perfectly feel any uncharacteristic feature of it. The lack of engine speed is quite simple to determine. When you press the accelerator pedal, the engine does not develop speed, which is accompanied by weak acceleration, deterioration in dynamics and an increased temperature of the engine heating.

The result of a long press on the gas pedal without feedback from the motor is excessive fuel consumption. The car smokes heavily, and the exhaust system at the same time spews clubs of black or gray gases.

During normal operation, an internal combustion engine instantly responds to any action associated with the gas pedal, whether it is an additional effort or a decrease in pressure on the accelerator. If no response follows, it is necessary to look for the cause of such a problem. According to experts, there are many reasons why the engine is not gaining power, starting directly from the engine and ending with the fuel system.

2 Insufficient heating of the components when the engine is turned on

To determine the source of the problem, you should carefully and step by step check the main functional systems of the car. In some situations, very serious and expensive repairs are required using professional equipment at stations Maintenance. But the reason may lie elsewhere. So, an insufficiently warmed-up motor is not able to work optimally, therefore, when turned on, especially in the cold season, it is necessary to allow it to idle for several minutes.

Some drivers claim that driving at low speed without rapid acceleration allows you to better warm up all the main parts of the engine, but this is a big misconception. Without warming up, the car twitches, jerks and makes characteristic sounds. If possible, then preference should be given to warming up the car in static mode.

But if even after the required period of time the engine has not warmed up to the optimum temperature, then the problem may lie in the cooling system. Very often the thermostat fails, this is more true for work during winter frosts.

3 How clogged filters affect engine performance

There are many filters used in vehicles, but air and fuel filters play a key role. If these consumables are not able to fully fulfill their direct duties, then the result is a decrease in the number of revolutions, so the engine does not pull at full power.

The task of the air filter is to remove dirt and excess substances during the creation of the air-fuel mixture. This element is constantly in operation, so it becomes clogged very quickly. The pores are clogged with the smallest particles of dirt and dust, there is a decrease in air supply, which has an extremely negative effect on the speed of the motor.

There are three main types of air filters:

• Panel.
• Cylindrical.
• Frameless.

To date, frameless filters are used, which are distinguished by a long service life, the strength of the material used and low prices. When buying a filter, you need to pay attention to the replacement period for this element. Typically, the service life is about 20,000 kilometers, but the operation of a vehicle in polluted and dusty cities requires the installation of a new filter after 10 thousand kilometers.

When the engine spins poorly, replacing the filter should help. The procedure is not difficult, because you just need to lift the hood cover and unscrew the element you are looking for. It is attached to the base with four bolts, it is not difficult to find it. Having removed the old consumable, it is recommended to thoroughly clean its location, removing all dirt, dust, remnants of insects or fluff. After wiping the surface with a damp cloth, all that remains is to install a new filter element and carefully tighten the bolts.

Excessive oil consumption is another reason for reducing engine power. Exhaust gas vapors penetrate through the valve seals, which leads to a deterioration in the operating conditions of the unit. A layer of soot forms on the piston rings and spark plug electrodes, which must be constantly cleaned.

The fuel filter can be changed somewhat less frequently than the air filter, which is indicated in the product documentation. But the frequency of replacement is related to the quality of the fuel used. The task of this element is not much different from the air filter, with the only difference being that the fuel is already being cleaned. A clogged filter does not completely clean it, which is bad for throughput. All this together affects the engine of the car, which does not have enough power to spin up normally.

Manufacturers of fuel filter elements declare the need to replace them after 60,000 km, but domestic motorists should change filters much earlier, since our fuel is inferior in quality to European and American counterparts.

Depending on the type of engine, fuel filters are divided into several categories:

1. Injection - the degree of purification is up to 10 microns.
2. Carburetor - the level of cleaning reaches 20 microns.
3. Diesel - less than 5 microns.

When buying a filter, you need to make sure that it matches your ICE. For each type of motor, manufacturers select a material with a degree of purification in which debris does not penetrate into the internal components of the structure. Replacement will not take much of the driver's time, but during work, you must follow safety rules, for example, perform all operations outdoors or in a ventilated garage, do not smoke or use a lighter nearby.

The element is located next to the motor, but in some cars it can be found near the fuel pump. The engine is running while the used consumable is being retrieved. The fuel pump fuse is removed, which leads to automatic stalling of the power unit.

This procedure is necessary in order to prevent the possibility of leakage of diesel (or gasoline) when installing a new filter.

When the engine stalls, the “mass” of the fuel pump is turned off, the bolts of the old filter are carefully unscrewed, and the consumable itself is placed in a container so as not to get dirty. Again, the area where the consumable is located is cleaned, all debris and fuel residues are removed. Now you can install a new filter, simultaneously inserting the previously removed gaskets and sealing washers. The final step is to connect the fuse and set its mass.

Immediately after the replacement, the engine will not start the first time, because the fuel pressure has dropped to a critical point. After several attempts, the engine will start to idle. If the problem was precisely in the filter elements, then after replacing them, the engine should gain the optimal number of revolutions even when climbing uphill on a steep slope.

4 Violation of the gap of the spark plugs as a cause of poor operation of the internal combustion engine

The next possible cause of engine failure is the gap between the electrodes in the spark plugs. Minimal changes, per millimeter or even less, in without fail will cause negative consequences when using the car. The result will be a difficult start of the car, an increase in fuel consumption, as well as a decrease in traction and engine speed.

Sparks with a specific current strength pass between the electrodes. Changing the distance between these elements affects the rate of ignition of the air-fuel mixture in the cylinders. The difference is tenths of a second, but this is more than enough to disrupt the optimal operation of the motor.

To check the gap, you will need a special feeler gauge, which can be purchased at any automotive store. Referring to the documentation for vehicle, you can find out the correct distance between the electrodes, and this distance should be the same on all spark plugs.

If necessary, the probe allows you to bend or bend the upper electrode. This will avoid any errors. Most often, it is the candles that are the main reason that the car drives unstably during acceleration, and the engine does not develop the required number of revolutions. After the repair activities, these problems will be left behind.

5 Engine ignition timing

In the ignition system, the work of other important elements that affect the spin-up of the engine may be disrupted. An important role is played by such a parameter as the ignition timing. If it is defined incorrectly, then negative consequences will not be long in coming.

It is somewhat easier to detect a problem in injection power units, since there is a built-in on-board computer, and it is this element that is automatically responsible for setting the advance angle. This includes technical information about the operation of all the main components and assemblies of the car. It is collected using numerous sensors:

• throttle position;
• oxygen;
• air flow;
• camshaft position;
• fuel detonation;
• crankshaft position.

The failure of these sensors leads to a failure to determine the advance angle, due to which the engine is not able to calculate the required number of revolutions for optimal performance. It is not possible to independently restore the performance of these elements, so the only option is to visit the service station.

As for carburetor engines, the advance angle in them can be adjusted manually. Finding the right value is quite difficult, but still possible, and without the involvement of expensive specialists. But if possible, then this work is best left for the masters who will cope with the task quickly and reliably.

6 Other causes of poor revs

When the engine is not gaining momentum, problems may be related to the vehicle's fuel system. So, for a carburetor during the formation of an air-fuel mixture great importance has a limit of fuel in the float chamber. If the upper limit parameters are set low, the result is a small amount of fuel in the chamber. This has a significant effect on the engine, which does not have enough fuel to spin up to the desired power.

Too high a limit will not bring anything good either. The fuel mixture becomes too rich, which is good, but it does not have enough time to fully warm up. The problem is fixed very quickly and simply - the float, which is responsible for determining the diesel level limit, gently moves in the right direction.

In some situations, the problems may be more serious. So, problems associated with injectors adversely affect the operation of both diesel and gasoline units. To check the performance of these elements, they should be dismantled and connected to a power source. If a curved and asymmetrical jet is obtained during spraying, it is recommended to replace the fuel system injectors with new ones. If the atomizer forms a beautiful and even “torch”, then there should be no complaints about this mechanism.

The most unpleasant scenario for the development of events is associated with a decrease in compression. Wear and failure of the structural elements of the piston group leads to a decrease in its level and, as a result, a decrease in the power of the power unit. You can make sure that the piston is malfunctioning using a special device - a compression gauge.

Readings ranging from 10 to 14 kg / sq. are considered normal. see If the device gives lower values, then you will need overhaul internal combustion engine. In this case, it will not be possible to do without a long and costly repair.

An automobile power plant may not develop the necessary power, and the driver pays attention to this, as a rule, when the drop in dynamics is already obvious. It is unlikely that you will not notice this if the car accelerates with great difficulty on a dry, hard and even road surface. What is the reason that the engine power drops, and what can be done in this case?

Signs of low engine power

In essence, if the acceleration time of a car "from zero to hundred" increases by more than 25 percent, and the optimal speed decreases by 15 percent or more, this is a clear sign. Of course, experienced motorists, even without any measurements, are able to determine the decrease in the power characteristics of the power unit of their 4-wheeled pet. However, in order not to get confused, there is a certain chronometric pattern associated with measuring the “maximum speed” at various speeds. For example, at the 1st speed, the measurement is carried out up to 38 km / h, at the 2nd - up to 52 km / h, etc.

In addition, in order to be able to determine the drop in the power of the power plant at the very beginning of the problem, one must not ignore the secondary signs that indicate this. Let's consider the most common.

How to determine the power performance of the power plant

In the process of diagnosing 4-cylinder internal combustion engines, it is recommended to turn off three cylinders, and use the resulting mechanical losses as a load. If diagnostics of 6-cylinder or more power plants is carried out, additional loading devices are used simultaneously with the shutdown of a certain number of cylinders, which makes it possible to carry out research much more efficiently.

To date, there are various techniques that help the owner independently check the power characteristics of the power unit of his car. For example, install special equipment that can track the slightest changes in the functioning of the internal combustion engine, a drop in dynamics, etc. Only the price of such devices is quite high, and not every Russian motorist can afford to buy them.

Note. It is more expedient to put these devices on sports cars, the operation of the internal combustion engine of which requires regular checks.

Fortunately for motorists, there is also a budget diagnostic option. It implies the presence of a computer, a special program and a cable for integration with the on-board computer (BC) of the car. As soon as the driver drives the car for a certain distance at different speeds, the computer will automatically calculate the power of the car's power plant.

Attention. Despite the fact that this verification method has a considerable share of errors in the readings, it is widely used by motorists in many countries of the world. The method gives at least a general idea of ​​the power characteristics.

But still. Only a dynamometer can provide the most accurate indicators. Representing highly professional equipment, it is an indispensable component of any well-known car service.

Checking the Nissan GT-R on the stand (video)

Reasons for the decrease in dynamics

Experts believe that the main reasons for the decline in dynamics are:

Petrol units

As a rule, the reasons for the drop in throttle response on gasoline and diesel internal combustion engines are the same, but there is still a difference. The power of a gasoline power plant implies a ratio with crankshaft speed. Unlike diesel units, the power characteristics of gasoline internal combustion engines directly depend on the speed described above. The higher they are, the more dynamics the motor produces. And if an engine powered by gasoline, for whatever reason, is not able to deliver maximum speed, its dynamics falls, respectively.

The crankshaft rotation speed decreases for one simple reason: due to overheating of the internal combustion engine. This often happens in the hot season or when driving for a long time in a traffic jam. Obviously, it is highly undesirable to allow the internal combustion engine to overheat.

Some foreign cars are simply not designed for our climate.

There are other reasons for the fall in the dynamics of a gasoline internal combustion engine. For example, an incorrectly adjusted accelerator pedal. An elementary reason, however, capable of significantly affecting the efficiency of the internal combustion engine.

Diesel engines

Recently, problems with Japanese diesel power plants have often been observed. It is interesting that after the line of 100 km / h the engine does not give out any problems, but before that it behaves extremely badly: it does not pull uphill, starts badly, etc.

The main reason for a decrease in throttle response in a diesel engine is the restriction of fuel supply. Most experts agree with this opinion. Indeed, this happens in 80 out of 100 cases. The remaining secondary problems are associated with the difficulties of air leakage, with a frozen fuel pipe (a common problem for Russian drivers), etc.

The next popular reason has to do with injector wear. For example, if a car from a “secondary” plowed its own, its nozzles will definitely wear out. As a result, the machine will smoke a little. This can be repaired, but most drivers sell such equipment, but first they go to the trick to eliminate the smoke and sell the pepelats at a higher price.

Black smoke on a diesel engine is not always as dangerous as on a gasoline engine.

The trick is sometimes associated with adjusting the fuel supply, a kind of "crushing" power. The initial revolutions of XX are restored, the car no longer smokes, but it does not pull either. Checking the “dark horse” is quite simple: you need to return the XX speed to its previous position, if smoke appears, then the nozzles need to be repaired.

Another reason for the decrease in the power characteristics of a diesel internal combustion engine is the jamming of the distributor timer piston in the injection pump (high pressure fuel pump). This is especially clearly indicated by the loss of dynamics at high speeds.

It is also noteworthy that it does not always indicate a problem with dynamics on cars with a diesel engine. Any such car, if you fully depress the accelerator pedal or start abruptly from a place, will smoke in black.

On turbocharged internal combustion engines, the reason for the drop in power is most often a bad turbine. It is diagnosed by removing the rubber tube from the injection pump. Then carry out the corresponding measurements with a manometer. At speeds up to 4500 per minute, if the turbine is in good condition, the readings should indicate at least 0.5 kg / cm2.

The difference in the reasons for the drop in dynamics may also be due to the difference between the injection and carburetor engines. The table below shows the most common situations in which power does not develop on the injector and carburetor internal combustion engine.

Table: why the power characteristics of the motor fell (injector and carburetor)

Poor ICE dynamics due to a catalyst: how to check

The topic of falling dynamics due to a clogged catalyst should be given a separate paragraph. This malfunction is very common among motorists lately, questions about this are often found on the forums.

We will not delve into the thematic jungle regarding what a catalyst is and why it is needed. Consider only the main signs indicating its malfunction. And a drop in ICE power is not the only symptom.

The main sign, of course, is the light bulb "Check". However, a malfunction of the catalyst is not always detected so easily, in most cases it passes gradually, and the “Check” signal is not displayed immediately. On the other hand, the throttle response of the internal combustion engine decreases, the overall dynamics of the speed increase decreases, and starting is difficult.

To remove the catalyst or not is the choice of the car owner, but it should be remembered that there is nothing “very superfluous” in the car

The reason for the drop in power characteristics can also be clogging of the bobbin combs. It falls because of this throughput catalyst, since the gases that did not have time to pass the catalyst "crush" the power of the power plant.

Note. The honeycombs of the bobbin can not only become clogged, but also collapse or melt over time.

Problems with the catalyst can also be associated with abrasion of the platinum layers. The lambda sensor instantly notices this and gives a signal to the driver.

You can check whether the catalyst is working normally or not by the strength of the gas flow. If it is difficult to block the flow by hand, then everything is fine with the catalyst, and when it is clogged, the flow will be weak.

How to increase capacity in simple ways

Every experienced motorist knows and uses his own, favorite way to improve the former dynamics of the car. Let's consider the most popular ones, but let's not forget that only the elimination of the causes that contributed to the drop in the power characteristics of the internal combustion engine will guarantee the return of former positions.

1. Use fuel with a higher octane number (OC). Indeed, the higher the OC, the better the fuel will resist self-ignition during compression. This will directly affect the greater power from the gas explosion.
2. The use of "Suprotek". This is a lubricant, which is a composition of several components. This is not an additive or an additive, but a special composition that interacts with the metal surfaces of the internal combustion engine elements. Perfectly helps to eliminate the wear of metal surfaces.
3. Replacing the classic air filter with a modernized one. In this way, a richer mixture can be supplied to the engine.
4. Exhaust system change. Forward flow increases power.
5. Turbocharged.
6. Replacement worn parts and much more.

In a word, it is necessary and possible to bring the engine of your car back to normal. It is recommended to do this in professional car services, but if the driver has specific knowledge and the required equipment, in his own car garage.

For the engine to develop full power, the following conditions must be met:

1 - good engine compression;

2 - stable and plentiful supply of fuel;

3 - a large amount of air.

If one of the above conditions is not met, then the engine efficiency will be low.

When traction is lost under load, this means that the engine control unit has switched to emergency mode. The emergency mode of operation of the engine is provided on all modern machines. This mode is necessary so that the car does not quickly, but safely reach its destination.

To find the right reason I need to do computer diagnostics of the engine.

According to the results computer diagnostics we will understand in which direction to move and where to dig in order to find out the true cause of the malfunction.

If diesel the engine does not have enough fuel, then check the fuel equipment: .

If the diagnosis shows that diesel fuel enough, but the turbine is under-blowing and there are no errors in other systems, then it is advisable to measure the engine compression.

Lack of proper engine compression will result in the engine will not pull and develop full power. If there is no piston compression, but there is enough air and fuel, then a strong explosion will not happen anyway, thus there will be no good exhaust, and as we know, the exhaust spins the turbine, so the turbine will not inflate the required amount of air. Lack of air boost will cause the car to not pull.

The most common reason for lack of airflow- problems in the operation of the turbine and shutdown of the turbine itself.

Consider an engine with variable turbine geometry (the most common).

Turbine shutdown is usually due to one of two problems: one is related to air, the other is related to mechanical failure the turbine itself (impeller wear, axle play).

There are variable geometry turbines that are controlled by vacuum, and there are those that are controlled by an electronic actuator.

The machine has four sensors that fully affect the operation of the turbine.

1 - Boost pressure sensor. It will measure the air pressure in the intake manifold.

2 - Boost pressure regulator. This is a valve that controls the geometry, i.e. turns the turbine on and off.

3 - Intake air temperature sensor. Shows the temperature of the air entering the motor.

4 - Atmospheric pressure sensor. Measures the atmospheric pressure where the vehicle is moving (normal atmospheric pressure relative to sea level).

Most often it happens that the tightness of the air intake system is broken in the car. Thus, the turbine drives all the air out (the pipe is torn, the connection is poor at the joints, the intercooler (air cooling radiator) is cracked).

To identify such a problem, it is necessary to check the entire air intake system for leaks.

Next most common problem: Faulty geometry in the turbine.

To check the geometry on the car, you need to remove the vacuum hose from the actuator on the turbine itself. Put another hose on it and try to draw in air with your mouth or with a special device. After this procedure, the stem that controls the geometry must change its position. If it does not change its position, then there may be 2 reasons, either the membrane in the actuator is torn, or the geometry itself is jammed.

Failure of the boost pressure regulator and boost pressure sensordetected by the presence of errors in them in the results of computer diagnostics.

The boost pressure regulator can also be checked with a vacuum gauge.

Don't forget to check the vacuum pump and vacuum tubes throughout the machine for leaks. This is done as follows, disconnect the pipe in some place, put your hand on it, you should feel air being drawn in.

A turbine with an electronic actuator is checked only with the help of computer diagnostics!

Please note that "swirl" flaps (not available in all vehicles) can also affect the loss of traction.

We hope that this information will help you identify the reason why your car is not pulling or gaining full power, as well as gaining enough knowledge to communicate with car service specialists.