How to get food poisoning. How can you poison a person: R correspondent examined the main poisons

At the first symptoms of intoxication, we are interested in a number of questions: “How can you be poisoned?”, “What could have contributed to the poisoning.” Today we will try to understand how a person can become poisoned and what to do if a child is poisoned.

What is poisoning

Poisoning is a disruption of processes in the human body due to the penetration of all kinds of poisons into it. All because in a short time, in one way or another, a person consumed (even by airborne droplets) some toxic substances. If the time during which a person was poisoned was short, and there were a large number of poisons, then this phenomenon is called acute poisoning. Chronic poisoning is the use of toxic substances over a long period of time. With such intoxication, the victim urgently needs the help of specialists. It is worth noting that the symptoms are less pronounced.

Causes

Poisoning is often confirmed in children whose parents improperly store household poisons (detergents, powders, etc.) and medications. It is necessary to take into account the fact that the child is at risk. A minimal dose of toxic substances will be enough for him. The consequence can be complications or even death. Therefore, such a phenomenon as intoxication must be taken extremely seriously and resort to emergency medical services as soon as possible. Taking this into account, it is necessary to take a more careful approach to the storage of such items.

Also, poisoning can often be caused by food products that have been sitting for a long time and are no longer suitable for consumption (for example, if the expiration date has expired). A very common occurrence is household intoxication caused by the consumption of low-quality or toxic products (seafood, mushrooms). In addition, its appearance is possible due to poisonous plants, animals, industrial poisons, fertilizers and chemicals, and alcohol. This is what you can get poisoned with most often.

The reason for the penetration of toxic substances into the human body can be, as previously mentioned, many medications, if the dosage specified in the instructions or prescribed by the doctor is greatly exceeded during their use. As well as various chemicals that are used in agriculture(pesticides, fertilizers, others) and industry, all kinds of toxic fumes, carbon monoxide.

Assumptions about intoxication should arise if the source of the poison is located near the victim and there are prerequisites that he was in contact with toxic substances.

If the poison was swallowed, the poisoned person will most likely have burns and stains located in the mouth area. This may be accompanied by excessive salivation, sweating, lacrimation, nausea (vomiting), loose stools, and cramps. Possible odor chemical substance from mouth.

When toxic substances penetrate excessively by airborne droplets, headache, dizziness, nausea, feeling of tightness in the chest. In addition, there is a cough, difficulty breathing, and wheezing. The skin becomes pale and then turns blue, but the lips may have bright red color.

With mild intoxication, if toxic substances penetrate the skin, poisoning can be expressed by burning, redness of the skin, rash, irritation, and the formation of spots. But they may not appear immediately. With more serious poisoning, these symptoms may be combined with pain in the head, weakness, difficulty breathing, and fever.

If intoxication occurred due to the consumption of food that was contaminated with bacteria or toxic products, then the symptoms are nausea, vomiting, acute pain in the stomach, discomfort, weakness, and loose stools. It should be noted that the victim may not immediately feel unwell.

In case of poisoning with medications (for example, sleeping pills or sedatives) characteristic features are lethargy, impaired coordination of movements, lethargy, drowsiness. If the intoxication is mild, then after a certain period of time these symptoms will cease to bother you. If intoxication occurs due to drugs used to treat the cardiovascular system, there is a possibility of a violation heart rate, and such poisoning can lead to death.

As a result, it must be said that any type of intoxication is dangerous to health. But, if poisoning causes loss of consciousness, then you should immediately contact ambulance.

Home page Poisonings

Against the background of taking low-quality food, overdose medicines When toxic toxins enter the gastrointestinal tract, a person experiences unpleasant symptoms of food intoxication. To quickly induce vomiting in case of poisoning, you need to know the nuances of therapy at home.

In what cases is poisoning accompanied by vomiting?

From a medical point of view, poisoning can be divided into types:

1. Food intoxication occurs as a result of eating stale, poor-quality, poorly processed food or its improper storage. Often such poisoning occurs when food is colonized by bacteria or fungi.
2. Intoxication with acidic and alkaline substances occurs due to negligence, with the purpose of suicide. According to statistics, chemical poisoning is most common in children.
3. Drug poisoning occurs as a result of exceeding the dosage, the frequency of taking medications, for the purpose of suicide. The lower the dose of the drug, the better the prognosis of the disease.
4. An overdose of alcohol is accompanied by a violation of coordination functions, adequacy of behavior, and dyspeptic syndrome.
5. Poisoning with toxic substances (arsenic, salts of heavy metals) occurs in conditions of accidents at work, the release of toxic substances into the external environment.
6. An overdose of narcotic substances can be aggravated by a coma and death.

During pregnancy, vomiting is a symptom of a pathological condition - preeclampsia. It requires urgent treatment in order to preserve the health and life of the mother and child.

All of the poisoning described above have similar symptoms: nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, slight increase in body temperature, diarrhea. Drug and alcohol poisoning may be accompanied by hallucinations and inappropriate behavior.

Vomiting is a typical symptom, but it can be one-time, bringing relief, or repeated, without positive dynamics. Clinical manifestations directly depend on the amount of food taken, toxic substances, and the resistance of the body.

If it continues for several days, leads to hypovolemic shock, and there is no positive dynamics from home treatment, you need to urgently seek help. medical care. Only a doctor will be able to correctly examine the patient, establish the true cause of the pathological condition, and prescribe effective, safe treatment.

How to induce vomiting at home

The pharmacy offers a huge number of medicines aimed at combating nausea. Experts recommend initial stages refrain from taking medications, try to empty the stomach of pathological substances. You need to try to induce vomiting at home in non-traumatic and effective ways.

Mechanical

A quick and easy method of inducing the gag reflex is considered mechanical. The person should be near the toilet, lower his head, and press on the root of the tongue with his fingers. To enhance the result, you can remember nauseating things and pictures. For adults with a weak vestibular system, swing riding is suitable.

Fluid intake

An exhausted body loses a significant amount of fluid. There is no water left, and toxic substances continue to cause irreparable damage to the body. A large amount of fluid helps to cope with the pathological process, which replenishes water balance reserves and additionally eliminates toxins. You can use regular warm water. The volume of liquid is about 1 liter. You should drink in small sips with breaks.

A weak solution of potassium permanganate helps eliminate toxic substances. Potassium permanganate is a common folk remedy fight against intoxication. You need to stir the solution well, drink and press on the root of the tongue. In this way, you can avoid dehydration and additionally disinfect the gastrointestinal tract. Large grains of potassium permanganate can cause a burn to the esophagus and stomach. Don't forget to stir the solution well.

Black tea has a good effect. You need to add a spoonful of salt and a little milk to it. A few cups of this drug will independently cause gastric emptying without mechanical impact. The main condition is not to make the drink too salty.

A proven way to get rid of toxins is water with soda. A specific solution instantly removes harmful substances from the stomach. Take a teaspoon of baking soda and dilute it in a glass of warm water. Drink and wait for the result.

Except ordinary water A herbal decoction of calamus is suitable. He has medicinal properties, removes intoxication. Take the root of the herb, put it in hot water for a couple of hours. Use at least a liter of this tincture.

Products

You can be poisoned by any low-quality food. Common foods that cause vomiting include:

• dairy products (kefir, sour milk, store-bought cheeses);
• sausages and meat products are poorly prepared (not processed properly);
• seafood, fish dishes;
• store-bought sauces;
• salads containing mayonnaise;
• cream products (pastry, pies).

Drugs

There are many drugs on the pharmaceutical market that provoke the gag reflex. These medications can be easily purchased at a pharmacy without a prescription. They are divided into two groups:

1. Central action. They influence the gag reflex, which is located in the medulla oblongata. A common representative of the group is “Apomorphine”. It affects the vomiting centers of the nervous system. The drug has no pronounced analgesic properties. The tablets should not be used for tuberculosis, heart failure, stomach problems, the elderly, or children. Herbal plants have a similar effect: thyme, medicinal marshmallow.
2. Reflex drugs include: Digoxin, Levodopa, Paroxetine. They act on the vagus nerve, which innervates the stomach and intestines. Medicines stimulate the release of contents. Indications for use include poisoning with alcohol, toxic substances, and stale food.

For which poisonings should one not artificially induce vomiting?

Situations in which it is strictly forbidden to induce artificial vomiting:

1. You cannot deliberately provoke a gag reflex when consuming foamy substances (shampoos, shower gels, cosmetic ointments). The danger is that the shocks promote the formation of foam. It enters the lungs, causing aspiration, subsequently pneumonia, and acute left ventricular failure.
2. If sharp, cutting, piercing, or massive objects enter the stomach, an artificially created wave will cause damage to the mucous membrane of the throat, larynx, ligamentous apparatus, and esophagus. The condition can be complicated by blockage of the bronchus, trachea, and the person suffocates.
3. Acid and alkaline poisoning are often not accompanied by vomiting. Many people think that they need to get rid of foreign contents themselves mechanically. In fact, the acidic substance will further damage the overlying structures of the body (esophagus, throat, oral cavity).
4. If poisoning occurs with petroleum products (gasoline, kerosene, solvents), there is no need to resort to irritation of the gastric mucosa. The masses can enter the lungs and cause a burn to the esophagus.
5. Fashionistas who are chasing ideal shapes often resort to emptying the gastrointestinal tract with the help of artificial vomiting. Anorexia, complete exhaustion of the body, frequent colds - this is what awaits the owner of graceful forms in the future.

What volume and duration of vomiting is considered normal?

Vomiting is a protective reflex of the body in case of poisoning. To remove toxins, the stomach has to remove them through the mouth. The symptom is considered normal:

• when overeating, when the gastrointestinal tract cannot cope with a huge amount of food;
• alcohol, drug intoxication;
• regurgitation in young children. The volume of the masses should not exceed the volume of food eaten and should not exceed 5 - 50 ml;
• on early stages During pregnancy, morning sickness is not a pathological condition, provided that it occurs once during the day and goes away after a couple of weeks. The mechanism of occurrence is associated with adaptive reactions, restructuring of the body;
• the disease does not require consultation with a doctor when vomiting is one-time, goes away within a day, does not lead to dehydration, and is easily treatable with medication.

Dangerous symptoms that require urgent attention to your doctor:

1. Repeated/single vomiting + severe, unbearable abdominal pain.
2. Head injury accompanied by an unpleasant symptom.
3. There is a deterioration in the patient's condition and progression of symptoms.
4. Continuous vomiting for 1 day.
5. In children, the volume of vomit exceeds the amount of food eaten.
6. The discharge contains blood, blood clots, pus and other pathological impurities.
7. The clinic for acute renal failure (decreased urination) joins.
8. Progressive general weakness, lethargy.

For various poisonings, the main treatment method is to remove toxins from the stomach. For this purpose, it is necessary to induce the gag reflex, which can be done different ways.

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toxicos.ru

Nine foods most likely to cause food poisoning

Simple precautions, such as washing food thoroughly and proper storage, in most cases will help you avoid unpleasant food adventures. But there are some products, the use of which in an inappropriate form almost always leads to poisoning.

Scientists analyzed poisoning statistics over the past 20 years and ranked the foods that most often caused stomach upset.

It is not without reason that this rating reveals the most insidious seafood product - oysters. It is actually very easy to get poisoned by this sea reptile. Oysters should be eaten exclusively fresh. If you purchased or ordered this seafood at a restaurant, and it turned out to be not the freshest, then bacteria immediately begin to multiply in it, which causes food poisoning. Doctors advise people with chronic liver diseases and weakened immune systems to completely and irrevocably give up raw oysters.

As a piece of advice to desperate oyster fans, let us remind you that at home you need to process shellfish on a separate cutting board, with a separate knife, and best of all, with gloves.

In a restaurant, you can use a proven method - sprinkle the clam with lemon juice before eating. A living mollusk does not like this acidic liquid; it instinctively shrinks. If there is no reaction, then you were offered a dish that is already teeming with bacteria.

Olives are olives that change their color from green to dark when processed. In fact, dark olives are still green fruits that are colored black when treated with iron gluconate. This is the first reason why olives can be dangerous - excessive passion for colored olives leads to an excess of iron in the body.

The second reason is storage methods. Most often, olives are sold in cans, but this does not ensure their freshness. Do not take olives with a very long shelf life, take better than a jar with a product that was released very recently. Tin cans protect olives from damaging effects sunlight, but a chemical reaction may occur with its contents.

Olives do not last as long in glass jars, but you can still see the contents. High-quality canned olives should be the same size, have a rich black color and a transparent filling. Olives with pits are healthier, the main thing is that they are not expired, otherwise you can be poisoned by hydrocyanic acid. By the olives good quality The seed should be easily separated from the fruit, but not fall out.

Smoked meats, sausages and frankfurters

These foods contain a lot of hidden fats, which can cause excess weight and excess cholesterol. In addition, natural meat in sausage is often replaced with a cocktail of soy, starch, connective tissue, lard, fat, skin, plus additives with code E - these are not the healthiest food additives. Code E primarily allows you to extend the life of the product, but the quality invariably suffers. Remember, if in front of you is sausage, or frankfurters, or other smoked meat product with a price tag of less than 500 rubles per 1 kilogram, then the risk of being poisoned by such products increases several times.

The development of genetic engineering undoubtedly plays a huge positive role in medicine, but it also has a downside. The negative is that more and more food manufacturers are switching to genetically modified raw materials. Thus, sausages, wieners, and sausages are 80% made from transgenic soybeans.

Melon and watermelon

Juicy melon and watermelon are a favorite summer treat for both children and adults. Buyers often forget that the ripening time for melon and watermelon occurs in late summer - early autumn. Therefore, it is worth considering if you are offered to try in early July ripe watermelon. Most likely, it was grown using chemicals.

You need to choose watermelons especially carefully. Often they are a storehouse of harmful substances and lead to poisoning, since in order to speed up ripening they are grown under a film using large quantities nitrogen fertilizers. Most affordable way To check the quality of a watermelon at home - crumble its pulp into a glass of cold water. If the watermelon is good, then the water will simply become cloudy. If the water turns pink or red, it means the watermelon was grown using chemicals.

Another factor that can cause poisoning is improper storage of melons: when watermelons and melons lie in direct sunlight for weeks, even a small amount of nitrates in them actively reacts with glucose. As a result, very toxic substances are formed that can cause severe poisoning. Before use, be sure to wash the peel. It can transfer microbes to the pulp.

Canned food

Canned food is the main culprit of severe food poisoning, botulism. This is most often poisoning with botulinum toxins, since these anaerobic bacilli are able to live and reproduce only in a sealed environment, that is, without access to air. Less commonly, canned food contains other dangerous microorganisms.

Canned food is a dead product that has retained its relative nutritional suitability solely due to the E code, acetic acid, sugar, and, of course, a huge amount of salt. If you feel the first signs of poisoning, and before that you managed to enjoy canned food, then it is better to immediately consult a doctor. Botulism is a very dangerous form of food poisoning.

Caviar owes its high nutritional value to its significant content of complete proteins, fats, minerals, as well as vitamins A, D, group B, and PP. There is a large selection of red caviar in stores. It is important to choose a quality product, otherwise instead of the listed beneficial properties you will get food poisoning.

When purchasing, be sure to read everything written on the package. The most alarming thing is the preservatives, which are mandatory for preserving caviar. The content of these preservatives should not exceed 0.1% for each substance.

If what is written meets the stated requirements, but upon opening the jar you smell a sweetish smell, it is better not to mess with this caviar. Before treating guests or giving this controversial product to children, make sure that the caviar is not bitter and does not contain too much liquid.

Avocado is rapidly gaining popularity - a healthy, tasty, extremely vitamin-rich product. However, few people know that an unripe avocado is very toxic, and some of its parts are dangerous even when the fruit is completely ripe.

First of all, the avocado seed is dangerous; it contains strong toxic elements, which also appear in unripe fruit. You should not eat avocado leaves or skin at all. Such carelessness can lead to an eating disorder or an allergic reaction. If this does happen, you need to drink a large amount of water and try to induce vomiting. You also need to take activated carbon or another absorbent agent.

kitchenmag.ru

An overdose of which pills can cause death?

What pills can cause poisoning? Any medications, if used incorrectly, can lead to severe poisoning and intoxication. In severe cases, instant death may occur. This article discusses a fatal overdose of tablets, symptoms of poisoning with various drugs, methods of providing first aid, and components of treatment in a hospital setting.

Causes of drug poisoning

Drug overdose can occur for many reasons. It most often develops in people who take medications without consulting a doctor or change the dosage without permission. Below are the main reasons why pill poisoning can develop.

• Self-medication, taking medications not approved by the attending physician. Sometimes people take drugs on the advice of friends, neighbors, or relatives.
• Taking large doses of the drug in critical or emergency situations. For example, when the body temperature rises, people, in an effort to quickly bring it down, drink large doses of medications and combine them with each other. Such uncontrolled use of drugs often leads to fatal poisoning.
• A person taking medications that are contraindicated for him due to his age or health condition. For example, the drug aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) is deadly for children, it causes Reye's syndrome in them and leads to rapid death from internal bleeding.
• A fatal overdose of pills can occur in children who have eaten pills left behind by adults. Kids love to taste everything, they are interested in everything. All medications available at home should be kept out of the reach of children.
• Overdose of drugs for the purpose of suicide (suicide). Most often, people use sleeping pills and tranquilizers for this purpose. They cause relatively easy death from overdose.
• Drug poisoning due to taking them together with alcoholic drinks.
• Dangerous combination drugs among themselves. In the instructions for the drugs, you should carefully read the list of drugs with which they cannot be combined.
• Premeditated murder. Medicines can deliberately poison a person. Some drugs in large doses are potent poisons for humans.

Please note that for each person the lethal dosage of any drug is purely individual. It depends on the person’s weight and age, and whether he or she has any diseases.

Features of the clinical picture of drug overdose

Anyone can be poisoned to death by pills. Death is possible at a certain dose of any drug. Below we will look at the symptoms of poisoning with the most common medications.

Sleeping pills, sedatives

Sleeping pills and sedatives are dangerous to human life. You can get an overdose of them unintentionally during some stressful situation. A person, wanting to calm down or fall asleep after emotional stress, can take a large dose of medication, striving for a quick effect of the drug.

Potent sedatives and hypnotics include:

• barked;
• phenobarbital;
• bromital;
• medinal;
• teraligen;
• barbital.

These substances, entering the digestive system, are quickly absorbed and act. They can cause death in 15-30 minutes. Below are the symptoms that develop with an overdose of sleeping pills.

• Increased drowsiness, weakness and lethargy. At the initial stage of poisoning, you can still establish contact with a person, talk, and ask him something. Then deep sleep develops, and in severe cases, coma. As a rule, when poisoned by these drugs, people die in their sleep.
• A decrease in all reflexes develops due to depression of the central nervous system.
• Hyperthermia. Poisoning with sleeping pills is characterized by a rise in body temperature to 40 degrees.
• It is possible to develop vomiting during sleep. Due to a decrease in the severity of the swallowing and gag reflex, aspiration of vomit into the respiratory tract may occur and respiratory arrest may develop.
• Slow breathing. The person begins to breathe slowly and shallowly, with a frequency of less than 10 breaths per minute. This change is associated with depression of the respiratory center in the brain. If you are poisoned by sleeping pills, you can die from respiratory arrest.
• Bradycardia (slow heart rate) and hypotension (low blood pressure).
• Convulsions and hallucinations may develop.

Tranquilizers

A severe overdose of tranquilizers often leads to death. These drugs act on the central and peripheral nervous system, as well as breathing and heart function. Tranquilizers are taken strictly according to prescription, and even a slight deviation from the dosage prescribed by the doctor can cause poisoning. Below is a list of drugs in this group:

• Elenium;
• napothon;
• seduxen;
• diazepam;
• oxazepam;
• tazepam;
• eunoctine;
• librium;
• radedorm.

The clinical picture of poisoning with tranquilizers is the same as for poisoning with sleeping pills.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the most common medications. These drugs include:

• paracetamol (efferalgan, panadol);
• acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin);
• analgin;
• ibuprofen (nurofen);
• ketorolac (ketanov, ketolong);
• nimesulide (nimesil);
• indomethacin

Drugs in this group have analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. Some reduce body temperature (paracetamol, ibuprofen). Aspirin is used to thin the blood.

Non-fatal poisoning with NSAID drugs most often develops as a result of an overdose in order to accelerate their action. For example, when feeling severe pain, a person takes more medicine.

Please note that acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) can cause rapid death if children consume it. Children do not have the enzyme to process this drug. They develop Reye's syndrome. Therefore, this drug is strictly prohibited for children.

Symptoms of poisoning with NSAID drugs resemble intestinal poisoning. The patient has a stomach ache, vomiting and diarrhea, general weakness, and dizziness. A decrease in body temperature, development of hand tremors, and a feeling of anxiety and restlessness are also possible. By themselves, medications in this group rarely lead to death. Dangerous are the complications that can be caused by taking these drugs in large dosages, namely:

• gastrointestinal bleeding. All NSAIDs irritate the mucous membrane of the stomach and duodenum. If you take a lot of these drugs, damage to the integrity of the vascular wall in the submucosal ball of these organs may develop. Gastrointestinal bleeding is manifested by dark vomit, black stools (melena), pale and blue skin, severe weakness, drowsiness, rapid pulse and decreased blood pressure. A person may die due to large blood loss;
• acute pancreatitis is a non-infectious inflammation of the pancreas, in which necrotic death of its tissue develops. This pathology can be caused by an overdose of NSAIDs. The patient develops severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, flatulence and diarrhea. Small purple hemorrhagic spots may appear on the skin of the abdomen. Body temperature rises to 39 degrees. This disease is fatal without surgical intervention;
• Acute liver failure can develop due to taking a large number of drugs that the liver is not able to neutralize. The patient's skin, mucous membranes and sclera of the eyes turn yellow, and pain appears in the right hypochondrium. Consciousness may be impaired. Death may occur due to liver failure;
• kidney failure, in which the kidneys are unable to cope with their function and cleanse the blood. This pathology can occur due to toxic damage to the nephrons (structural units of the kidneys) by anti-inflammatory drugs.

Antibiotics

Antibiotics are drugs that are widely used in the treatment of bacterial infectious diseases. They are prescribed by a doctor, who discusses with the patient the rules for both administration and dosage.

The table below shows the features clinical picture in case of overdose of various antibacterial agents.

Antihistamines

Antihistamines are used for allergic pathologies. They can be prescribed for allergic dermatitis, urticaria, atopic dermatitis, etc. These drugs block the production of histamine, the main mediator that triggers allergic reactions. Some drugs also have a mild hypnotic effect. When treating them, a person is prohibited from driving a car.

Drugs in this group include:

• loratadine;
• suprastin;
• diphenhydramine;
• diazolin;
• pipolfen.

Symptoms of poisoning with antihistamines appear within 15-30 minutes. If a lethal dose is consumed, a person can die within an hour.

In case of an overdose of antihistamines, the nervous system is primarily affected. Symptoms of poisoning with these drugs include:

• feeling of extreme dryness in oral cavity and eyes, thirst;
• increase in body temperature to 38-39 degrees;
• nausea followed by vomiting;
• first, general excitement develops, which sharply changes to inhibition;
• hand trembling;
• seizures of the epilepsy type;
• tachycardia, possible heart rhythm disturbance;
• change in blood pressure, at first it rises sharply, and then also quickly decreases to critical numbers;
• loss of coordination, staggering;
• increased drowsiness;
• gradual descent into a deep coma.

Medicines to lower blood pressure

Poisoning from heart pills is very common among the population. In case of a heart attack or a sharp rise in blood pressure, a person can take many different drugs, fearing for his life.

Also, an overdose of such drugs can develop in older people, who may forget that they took the drug and take it again.

Please note that rapid death may occur when beta blockers (eg, anaprilin) ​​are taken by people who have bronchial asthma.

Names of popular antihypertensive drugs:

• captopril;
• lozap;
• enalapril;
• amiodarone;
• anaprilin;
• magnesium sulfate;
• metoprolol;
• nebivolol;
• nifedipine.

When poisoned with antihypertensive drugs, the patient's blood pressure drops sharply, nausea and vomiting may develop, and consciousness is impaired. This condition is fatal and can lead to respiratory and cardiac arrest.

What to do in case of drug overdose

At the slightest suspicion of an overdose of any medicine you need to urgently call an ambulance. By phone, inform the dispatcher about what happened, list the patient’s symptoms and accurately state your location.

Remember that trying to cure a person from a drug overdose on your own is very dangerous. He may die in your arms, and you will not be able to help him. In order not to endanger his life, seek medical help immediately.

What to do while waiting for doctors? The arrival time of the EMS team depends on many factors (for example, traffic congestion, availability of doctors at the time of the call). While waiting for the ambulance team, you need to begin providing first aid to the poisoned person at home. The prognosis for the patient’s life may depend on it. Its main components are presented below.

Gastric lavage

In order to clear the stomach of the remainder of the drugs taken, you need to drink a liter of water in one gulp and induce vomiting. For best results, repeat this washing several times.

This procedure is not carried out if:

• impaired consciousness of the patient;
• the appearance of black or bloody vomit.

There is no need to add a solution of potassium permanganate or any other components to the gastric lavage solution. You cannot know what chemical reaction they will enter into with the drugs that poisoned the person.

Cleansing enema

The enema is done using ordinary boiled water. The temperature of the colonic lavage fluid should be neutral (room temperature).

Sorbents

These medications will help bind and remove medications that remain in the digestive tract.

Sorbents that are taken in liquid form (for example, smecta or atoxyl) act faster. But if you don’t have these at home, give the patient any other sorbent, even activated carbon will do.

Before giving the drug to a person, read the dosage rules that are described in the instructions for it.

Drink

The liquid will reduce the concentration of the drug in the blood and accelerate its excretion by the kidneys, reducing dehydration. You can drink mineral water or plain water, tea with sugar.

Actions in case of loss of consciousness

If the patient loses consciousness, you need to monitor him until the doctors arrive so that he does not choke on vomit or his tongue. Turn his head to the side; in this position, the risk of aspiration is minimal.

To improve blood flow to the head and heart, raise his legs and fix them in this position.

Before doctors arrive, monitor his pulse and breathing. If they stop, start performing indirect closed cardiac massage.

What to do if you develop seizures

The only thing you can do is hold the person’s head so that he doesn’t hit it on the floor.

Remember that a person during a seizure should not put anything in his mouth, especially his fingers.

Medical treatment

Doctors from the ambulance, upon arriving at the call, will conduct a quick examination and assessment of the condition of the poisoned person. Show them the drug he took and tell them as accurately as possible the number of pills he took. You should also describe the amount of assistance that you managed to provide to the victim yourself.

Doctors will try to stabilize the victim’s condition and take him to the nearest hospital. In case of drug poisoning, treatment is carried out in the toxicology department. Patients in critical condition are hospitalized in the intensive care unit (resuscitation).

Treatment may consist of hemodialysis, the introduction of antidotes, IVs, drugs to support breathing and heart function. What will happen to a person and what result to expect from treatment, only a doctor can say after examining the patient and objective assessment his condition.

Drug poisoning can be fatal. Treatment for this condition is carried out in a hospital setting. The prognosis depends on the amount of the drug taken, the active substance, and the timeliness of seeking medical help. You cannot treat a drug overdose on your own.

otravlenye.ru

How and what can you get poisoned at home?

Poisoning is the most common thing nowadays and no one is immune from it. You can even get poisoned at home, and with those products from which you least expect it. Although many people do not understand how one can become poisoned by food that people have been eating for many years and do not experience any discomfort. And, in fact, this is where the main danger lies - you can become poisoned by those foods that a person has previously eaten many times and felt great. Let's look at the top 10 most dangerous foods in your refrigerator, and tips on what you need to do to avoid food poisoning.

Seafood

This includes shrimp, mussels, squid, sets and in general everything that is sold in the store under the sign “Seafood”. The problem is that all this sits in refrigerators for a long time, so it doesn’t spoil. But if you take a pack of mussels, for example, and defrost it, harmful microorganisms will begin to “come to life” and new bacteria will appear. The same thing happens with meat - if you keep it in a warm room, dangerous bacteria will begin to grow in it. This effect also occurs in the case of seafood. Only meat can be bought in the nearest village and brought to the store, but seafood is most often brought from afar.

In addition, supermarkets have to transport all frozen food from time to time, which is why they are defrosted (they transport them in the same refrigerators that are plugged in, but they need to be in refrigerators). If you freeze and defrost any product several times, it may simply rot. The same thing happens with seafood, so any of us can easily get poisoned by them at home. If we are talking about seafood, they will definitely contain salmonella.

To avoid seafood poisoning, the only thing the average consumer can do is look at the expiration date.

Tomatoes

Due to the fact that the skin of a tomato is very delicate and can be easily damaged, quite often salmonella, noroviruses and a variety of bacteria “settle” in this product. In addition, tomatoes are usually stored in large rooms in winter, where, again, some bacteria multiply very well. In winter, fresh vegetables are brought from afar or from the same storage facilities. Already in the first hour after eating the most ordinary tomato from the store, you can get poisoned and go to the hospital for gastric lavage.

If you do not want to be poisoned by a tomato, be sure to wash it thoroughly before eating it.

Ice cream

Due to improper storage, bacteria very easily accumulate in ice cream, which, when they enter the human body, begin to disrupt its functioning. In the summer, up to 20% of poisonings occur due to ice cream. The fact is that such a product thaws a little, after which the bacteria inside it “come to life” and even “invite their friends.” And they can cause food poisoning.

To avoid getting poisoned by ice cream, you need to choose it correctly. You can do this by using the following tips:

• There should be no clots or lumps in the ice cream, it should have one color;
• if it is not berry ice cream and it is unevenly colored, you should not buy it - most likely, it has expired;
• take the ice cream in your hand and if there are any traces of the pack left on it or the inscriptions on the pack are blurred, the ice cream is definitely expired;
• If you have already bought ice cream and feel a metallic taste, it is better to throw away the product.

Cheese

Cheese is one of the most favorite foods for E. coli. In addition, this product affects other foods that are placed next to it in the refrigerator. So, if you put cheese next to potatoes, fish, meat or other products, they will at least acquire a pungent odor, or even completely spoil. It is interesting that the cheese itself may not cause poisoning, but the products that were lying next to it can. Particular care must be taken when handling the following types cheese:

• Roquefort;
• Camembert;
• feta;
• mizithra;
• Bonchester.

In general, absolutely all soft and semi-hard cheeses can be included in this list. Blue cheeses are also dangerous.

To avoid getting poisoned by cheese, be sure to wrap it in film, place it in a plastic bag and close it, or use food containers.

Olives

Black olives are most often just plain green fruits that have been dyed black with ferrous gluconate. Actually, you can be seriously poisoned by this substance - there will be an excess of iron in the body, resulting in vomiting, diarrhea, vasodilation, decreased blood supply to the brain, shock, coma, liver damage and intestinal obstruction. Of course, with household iron poisoning, the last 5 symptoms are rare, but if you regularly take olives with iron, they may well occur.

To avoid getting poisoned by olives, follow these tips:

• It is better to buy olives in glass containers;
• look at the consistency of the olives - are they homogeneous, do they have a rich color;
• pour the liquid from the container with olives into a cup - if it is black, it means there is iron gluconate;
• put one olive on a napkin and leave it for several days - if there is a black mark on the napkin, the olive is colored with iron.

Processed meat

This includes all kinds of sausages, cutlets (not fully cooked), liver, minced meat, pate, and so on. No one will ever say for sure under what conditions all these products were produced and whether hygiene standards were observed. Also, no one admits what exactly they are made of. In addition, improper storage produces botulinum toxin (the one that causes botulism). It is popularly called sausage poison. In this case, the product will have absolutely normal taste, color and smell.

Therefore, to avoid poisoning from sausages and other processed meats, you need to do the following:

• Boil the purchased product before use;
• buy something that has a short shelf life;
• buy only the highest grade;
• look at the temperature in the refrigerators where such products are stored - it should be from 0 to +8 degrees.

Sweets

Of course, our top 10 cannot do without cakes, pastries, creams, and so on. The problem is that all such filling spoils very quickly. If this is a baked product, then if there is insufficient air circulation, all kinds of bacteria can grow in it. The shelf life of sweets cannot be long, so store employees often “beat” it in order to put it back on display.

In this case, you can only look at the expiration date - it should be clear, printed directly on the packaging (without additional stickers) and not too long.

Interestingly, even in this case, sweets can be poisoned at home if they are stored incorrectly.

Regular meat

It can be chicken, pork, beef, quail or any other meat. Such a product is very rarely stored in the right conditions - it is either re-frozen (which, if quickly defrosted, leads to rotting of the product), or the temperature is set at a very high temperature for storing meat.

Therefore, when choosing meat, look at its consistency, color (uniform, rich), and it should not contain too much water. Also smell the meat - the smell should not be too strong. It is important not to eat meat dishes for more than two days, because they simply spoil, even if they are in the refrigerator.

Dairy and eggs

Both dairy products and eggs are an excellent incubator for salmonella, staphylococcus, exotoxins and many other dangerous “passengers”. Many people prefer to consume these products raw, without heat treatment (that is, without cooking, frying, boiling, etc.). Also, dangerous bacteria develop in milk if cows, goats and chickens have been poorly cared for or the people who care for them suffer from skin diseases. In the latter case, no gloves will save you.

To avoid poisoning, you need to do the following:

• do not buy these products in unverified places and spontaneous markets;
• store dairy products at a temperature no higher than 5 degrees and eggs no higher than 6 degrees;
• store eggs and milk no longer than prescribed.

Greenery

You can often get poisoned by foods from which you least expect it. The most common parsley or lettuce can carry many dangerous bacteria. The problem is that these products are washed very poorly (if we are talking about a supermarket, then at best the greens are simply doused with water from a hose). Because of this, everything that is in the ground, the remains of fertilizers and, most dangerously, chemicals remain on the greenery and enter the human body.

To avoid poisoning of greens, always wash them thoroughly and pour boiling water over them.

This is the TOP 10 most dangerous products that you can poison yourself with at home. But by following the tips above, this can be avoided. Bon appetit!

Is it possible for an adult to drink kefir after food poisoning?

Some greens, such as spinach, lettuce, arugula or cabbage, are an integral and healthy component of many dishes. But do not forget that before it reaches your table, it may come into contact with dirty water, hands, and natural fertilizers. Therefore, wash it thoroughly and use a separate cutting board for cutting.

Oddly enough, even potatoes, specifically salads made from them, can cause poisoning. If processed incorrectly, pathogens such as E. coli and salmonella may remain in it.

Of all fish species, tuna is especially dangerous. This fish may contain scombrotoxin, a poison that causes flushing, convulsions and headaches. If this product has been stored in high temperature(above fifteen degrees Celsius), then during the cooking process this toxin may appear in it. It cannot be destroyed; even heat treatment will not help.

Poisoning often occurs due to eating cheese. It may contain salmonella bacteria. They are very dangerous for pregnant women because they can cause miscarriage. Therefore, doctors advise expectant mothers not to prepare dishes from these types of of this product, like Camembert, Feta or Brie.

Tomato poisoning occurs quite often in the summer. They should be washed thoroughly before eating, and it is also advisable to store them separately from other foods.

Poisoning from berries also often occurs, even such as raspberries, strawberries and blackberries. They often contain a special type of bacteria that causes cramps, diarrhea and dehydration. This can be avoided by rinsing with running water before eating.

What to do in case of poisoning

A solution of potassium permanganate can disinfect the stomach. To remove the remaining food that caused the poisoning, you should induce vomiting. This is an unpleasant procedure, but it will help the body quickly return to normal.

If vomiting or diarrhea occurs, the patient should try to sleep. In a couple of hours he may feel much better.

Keep first aid supplies, such as Regidron, in your first aid kit. It is also advisable to have “Smecta” and “No-shpu” with you.

Greetings, dear friends! This is Vladimir Raichev and I am glad to welcome you to the pages of my security blog. The first act of the May holidays ended and a good half of the people returned from their dachas.

I also managed to go to the Kaluga region and open the gardening season. I wonder what you did during the May holidays? Were you working or relaxing? I have the feeling that I need a rest after the hard work in May.

Although, to be completely honest, I only swung a shovel for a couple of hours this long weekend, but judging by the sensations, I dug up more than one hectare of endless Russian fields. But this is so, a lyrical digression.

But today I wanted to talk about something a little different. The fact is that upon returning home yesterday, I discovered signs of food poisoning: abdominal pain, weakness, and all the other consequences arising from this.

To be honest, I was guilty of changing my drinking regime - this is a standard procedure, but today it didn’t feel much easier for me and I decided to wander around the open spaces global network in search of an answer to the question, what to do in case of poisoning?

I admit honestly: there is a lot of different information on how to relieve food poisoning, but I have selected two main ones for myself, which are more or less accessible and inspire confidence. But before we get to them, let me take a little more of your time.

Unfortunately, absolutely everyone has encountered such an unpleasant illness as poisoning. This problem can occur under a variety of circumstances.

Even those people who constantly care about their health can fall for the tricks of sellers. After all, when buying cheese at the market, you cannot be sure that it is really fresh. Or how can one determine that a watermelon is not pumped with chemicals?

Signs of food poisoning

If poisoning occurs, it is necessary to begin treatment immediately, since the outcome may be the most unexpected. There have even been cases of death when people did not pay much attention to it.

There are many signs of poisoning, including:

• excessive nausea
• pallor,
• temperature increase,
• vomiting
• diarrhea,
• much more.

Treating food poisoning at home

You can treat poisoning at home, but only if you rush in immediately and do not wait until the extreme state. The first step is to start removing toxins from the body and, of course, eating any food is prohibited.

In case of poisoning, food will not satisfy hunger, but, on the contrary, will cause even more vomiting. You need to drink an incredibly huge amount of liquid and drink about 10-20 tablets of activated carbon, which will neutralize the body.

In addition, it is necessary to prepare a decoction that can remove toxic substances, cleanse the body and have a good effect on the stomach. The decoction contains chamomile, aloe, salt, soda, lemon juice and black pepper.

Chamomile should be boiled for about an hour, after which the liquid should be allowed to cool. Aloe can be found in absolutely every home, so there will be no difficulties in purchasing it.

The plant must be blended with a blender and the pulp separated from the healing liquid. While the aloe was whipping, the chamomile had time to cool and you can start mixing the ingredients.

For 100 ml of chamomile you will need to add 30 ml of aloe juice. Squeeze a whole lemon into this liquid and mix everything well. Add a pinch of pepper, a pinch of soda and a third of a teaspoon of salt to this mixture. The whole decoction must be mixed very well and you can safely start using it.

You need to drink every half hour throughout the day. The result will be noticeable the very next day, when the person will be like a cucumber again. This decoction will remove absolutely all harmful substances from the body, cleanse the stomach and prevent this whole process.

The most important thing is to drink plenty of fluids, which also removes all harmful substances.

Prevention of food poisoning

As for preventive measures aimed at preventing food poisoning, everything is simple: you need to be careful about what you drink and eat. Do not eat in cafes and restaurants that do not inspire confidence in you, where there is unsanitary conditions and violations of all SanPiN standards.

Washing your hands before eating is a mandatory rule of personal hygiene. This rule should definitely not be neglected. Among other things, be sure to wash all fruits and vegetables before eating.

I also recommend paying special attention to the means of cooking. It is necessary to change kitchen towels and dish sponges as often as possible. But for cutting boards there is a different rule. There should be a separate board for foods consumed raw and for foods that undergo heat treatment.

That’s all I have for today, it seems that even after taking activated charcoal I felt better. In order not to lose the article, save it to your wall, and at the same time your friends will read about the rules of action in case of poisoning.

In order not to miss anything interesting, subscribe to blog updates. Take care of yourself and your loved ones, eat only fresh food, and take personal hygiene seriously. Until we meet again, bye-bye.

Food poisoning is one of the most unpleasant conditions. Everything hurts - stomach, intestines, temperature rises, bones ache, etc. The degree of departure can be so strong that it is impossible to do without medical intervention.

What nuances do you need to know about food poisoning, what to do in case of food poisoning, and how to help yourself or a loved one before the doctor arrives? Let's figure it out.

Generally speaking, food poisoning is a disruption of the normal functioning of human organs due to the ingestion of poisonous or toxic substances.

Food poisoning can be divided according to severity at several stages.

• Moderate stage. Occurs when a small amount of a toxic substance enters the body. Manifests itself in the form of nausea, vomiting or diarrhea, sometimes a slight increase in temperature is possible.
• Acute stage. It is characterized by sudden and severe damage to the body and the rapid onset of symptoms. Fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea - all these consequences appear quickly and abundantly within a short period of time.
• Hyperacute poisoning. The most severe case of large amounts of poison entering the body. The consequences are extremely serious - depressed consciousness or its complete loss, seizures, convulsions, respiratory arrest.
• Chronic poisoning. With prolonged exposure to small amounts of toxic substances, for example, with constant consumption of unsuitable foods, this type of disease is also possible. General passivity, drowsiness, malaise in the gastrointestinal tract, unhealthy complexion, nausea indicate chronic poisoning. Moreover, over time, a person’s well-being only worsens until the disease becomes acute.

Despite its sufficient prevalence, food poisoning remains a kind of blank spot in our lives. This happens for two reasons.

Firstly, the symptoms of poisoning are very extensive and characteristic of many other diseases, which means that diagnosis becomes difficult.

Secondly, and this is entirely on the conscience of the patients themselves, we often neglect what we eat. Snacks on the road, strange cafes, food of dubious quality, unsanitary conditions - nothing stops us from snacking.

The general signs of poisoning are known to many, but not everyone knows what symptoms are characteristic of this or that type of phenomenon.

To provide effective targeted assistance, it is necessary to take into account the following classification of poisonings.

• Bacterial damage. Occurs when consuming food contaminated with E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, etc. This poisoning is characterized by the following symptoms - vomiting, severe intestinal colic, diarrhea. Moreover, it should be taken into account that the listed consequences occur quite quickly after eating low-quality food - on average after 1-2 hours.
• Chemical poisoning. To give an appetizing “fresh” appearance, many vegetables and fruits are treated with special chemical compounds. Or similar chemicals are already present inside the fruits, since synthetic fertilizers were used in large quantities when growing them. Such poisoning manifests itself as follows: dizziness, vomiting, diarrhea, profuse salivation and sweating, pain in the stomach, blurred vision. Symptoms of chemical poisoning appear very quickly, within an hour.
• Botulism. Fans of canned and pickled foods should be extremely careful. Microorganisms that appear in sealed jars can cause death. Botulism appears 10-15 hours after eating foods. The central nervous system bears the brunt of botulism. A person’s visual and speech functions sharply deteriorate, dry mouth appears and swallowing reflexes become difficult, followed by nausea and vomiting.

Any of the listed poisonings can be easy, but can cost your health and even your life. Do not waste precious time; if several signs of one or another poisoning appear, call an ambulance.

Treatment of food poisoning

Treatment of the disease is carried out in several stages.

• First of all, This is gastric lavage. It is imperative to remove the toxic element from the body.
• Secondly, it is necessary to take sorbent substances.
• Third, it is necessary to restore the water-salt balance. During gastric lavage and due to diarrhea and vomiting, a person loses a large amount of fluid that needs to be restored.
• Final stage– restorative preventive procedures.

In case of severe poisoning, a person is placed in a hospital for several days, where he undergoes all the necessary procedures.

The question arises: they called an ambulance, but what should they do: sit back and wait? Of course no. It is necessary to provide the most comfortable conditions for the patient and help him with everything possible ways. What to do if you are poisoned at home?

As in the case of inpatient treatment, gastric lavage will be the first aid at home. But if the conditions of a medical institution allow the use of special devices for this procedure, then at home you will have to cope with improvised means.

In case of poisoning at home, it is necessary to induce vomiting artificially. To do this, you need to give the patient a weak solution of potassium permanganate or soda (15 g per liter) to drink and press the root of the tongue with two fingers. Repeat the procedure two or three times.

After the initial cleansing, it is necessary to get rid of remaining toxins as quickly as possible. Activated carbon works well for this. It should be taken at the rate of 1 tablet per 10 kg of patient weight.

Next, you need to provide the patient with plenty of fluids. You should drink salted water, weak tea, compotes, fruit drinks. However, it is better to avoid eating on the first day. And after recovery, start your diet with low-fat dietary and gentle foods - purees, dairy-free cereals, jelly, crackers.

After treatment, the patient requires rest and bed rest until complete recovery.

Prevention

The phrase has already been mentioned more than once and is familiar to everyone - it is better to prevent than to treat. Of course, it is wiser not to bring the situation to a critical point. To prevent food poisoning, you should follow a few simple rules.

• Follow your diet. By consuming food at a strictly defined time, you will save yourself from attacks of wild hunger, during which a person is able to eat anything and in large quantities.
• Eat at home. Homemade food is the safest and healthiest. But if there is no way to eat homemade food, then visit only proven public catering places.
• Drink plenty of fluids. Water helps get rid of toxins and poisons, so its consumption will be useful not only for those who have already been poisoned, but also as a preventive measure.
• Buy products at trusted mass outlets - hypermarkets, markets, fairs. Tents with vegetables and fruits standing alone by the road are not the most reliable supplier of healthy products.

Mother of two children. I have been running a house for more than 7 years - this is my main job. I like to experiment, I constantly try different means, methods, techniques that can make our life easier, more modern, more fulfilling. I love my family.