With centralized control of outdoor lighting. Local lighting control circuits

Chapter 6.5 LIGHT CONTROL

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

6.5.1. The control of external lighting must be independent of the control of internal lighting.

6.5.2. In cities and towns, industrial enterprises, centralized control of outdoor lighting should be provided (see also clauses 6.5.24, 6.5.27, 6.5.28).

Methods and technical means for centralized control systems of external and internal lighting should be determined by feasibility studies.

6.5.3. When using telemechanics in centralized control systems for external and internal lighting, the requirements of Chapter. 3.3.

6.5.4. Centralized lighting control is recommended:

6.5.5. It is recommended to provide power to centralized control devices for external and internal lighting from two independent sources.

Power supply to decentralized control devices can be carried out from the lines supplying lighting installations.

6.5.6. Centralized control systems for external and internal lighting must provide for automatic switching on of lighting in cases of emergency power failure of the main circuit or control circuit and subsequent restoration of power.

6.5.7. At automatic control external and internal lighting, for example, depending on the illumination created by natural light, it should be possible to manually control the lighting without the use of automation.

6.5.8. To control internal and external lighting, control devices installed in switchboards of substations, power distribution points, input switchgears, and group panels can be used.

6.5.9. At centralized management Internal and external lighting must provide for control of the position of switching devices (on, off) installed in the lighting power supply circuit.

In cascade schemes for centralized control of outdoor lighting, it is recommended to provide for monitoring the on (off) state of switching devices installed in the lighting power supply circuit.

In cascade controlled schemes for centralized control of external lighting (clauses 6.1.8, 6.5.29), no more than two uncontrolled power points are allowed.

INTERIOR LIGHT CONTROL

6.5.10. When powering building lighting from substations and networks located outside these buildings, a control device must be installed at each input device into the building.

6.5.11. When powering four or more group panels with a number of groups of 6 or more from one line, it is recommended to install a control device at the input to each panel.

6.5.12. In rooms with zones with different natural lighting conditions and different operating modes, separate control of zone lighting should be provided.

6.5.13. Switches for lamps installed in rooms with unfavorable environmental conditions are recommended to be moved to adjacent rooms with better conditions environment.

Light switches for showers and changing rooms attached to them, as well as hot shops in canteens must be installed outside these premises.

6.5.14. In long premises with several entrances visited by service personnel (for example, cable, heating, water tunnels), it is recommended to provide lighting control from each entrance or part of the entrances.

6.5.15. In rooms with four or more work lighting fixtures that do not have safety lighting or evacuation lighting, it is recommended to distribute the fixtures into at least two independently controlled groups.

6.5.16. Security lighting and evacuation lighting can be controlled: directly from the room; from group shields; from distribution points; from input distribution devices; from switchgears of substations; centrally from lighting control points using a centralized control system, while control devices should be accessible only to maintenance personnel.

6.5.17. Control of artificial ultraviolet irradiation installations long acting should be provided independent of the control of general lighting of the premises.

6.5.18. Local lighting luminaires must be controlled by individual switches that are a structural part of the luminaire or located in a stationary part of the electrical wiring. At voltages up to 50 V, plug sockets can be used to control lamps.

OUTDOOR LIGHTING CONTROL

6.5.19. The outdoor lighting control system must ensure that it turns off within no more than 3 minutes.

6.5.20. For small industrial enterprises and populated areas, it is allowed to provide control of external lighting by switching devices installed on the lighting power lines, provided that maintenance personnel have access to these devices.

6.5.21. Centralized control of outdoor lighting in cities and towns is recommended:

6.5.22. With centralized control of external lighting of industrial enterprises, the possibility of local lighting control must be ensured.

6.5.23. Lighting control of open technological installations, open warehouses and other open objects during industrial buildings, the lighting of which is powered from internal lighting networks, it is recommended to produce from these buildings or centrally.

6.5.24. The city's outdoor lighting should be controlled from one central control center. In the largest cities, the territories of which are separated by water, forest or natural terrain barriers, regional control centers may be provided.

Direct telephone communication is required between the central and regional control centers.

6.5.25. To reduce the lighting of city streets and squares at night, it is necessary to provide for the possibility of turning off some of the lamps. In this case, turning off two adjacent lamps is not allowed.

6.5.26. For pedestrian and transport tunnels, separate control of lamps for daytime, evening and night operating modes of tunnels should be provided. For pedestrian tunnels, it is also necessary to ensure the possibility of local control.

6.5.27. Lighting control of the territories of boarding schools, hotels, hospitals, hospitals, sanatoriums, boarding houses, holiday homes, parks, gardens, stadiums and exhibitions, etc. It is recommended to carry out from the control system of external lighting of the settlement. At the same time, the possibility of local control must be ensured.

When the lighting of these objects is powered from the internal lighting networks of buildings, control of external lighting can be carried out from these buildings.

6.5.28. It is recommended to include control over the light fencing of high-rise structures (masts, chimneys, etc.) from the objects to which these structures belong.

6.5.29. Centralized management of outdoor lighting networks in cities, towns and industrial enterprises should be carried out through the use of switching devices installed in outdoor lighting power points.

It is recommended to control switching devices in outdoor lighting networks of cities and towns, as a rule, by cascading them (sequentially).

In aerial cable networks, it is allowed to include up to 10 power points in one cascade, and in cable networks - up to 15 power points of a street lighting network.

Chapter 6.6
LIGHTING AND ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION DEVICES

LIGHTING

6.6.1. Lighting devices must be installed so that they are accessible for their installation and safe maintenance using, if necessary, inventory technical means.

In production facilities equipped with overhead cranes involved in the continuous production process, as well as in craneless spans in which access to lamps using floor and other mobile means is impossible or difficult, the installation of lamps and other equipment and the laying of electrical networks can be carried out on special stationary bridges made of non-combustible materials. The width of the bridges must be at least 0.6 m, they must have fences at least 1 m high.

In public buildings, the construction of such bridges is allowed if it is not possible to use other means and methods of access to the lamps.

6.6.2. Lamps served from stepladders or ladders must be installed at a height of no more than 5 m (to the bottom of the luminaire) above the floor level. At the same time, the placement of lamps above large equipment, pits and in other places where it is impossible to install ladders or stepladders is not allowed.

6.6.3. Lamps used in installations subject to vibrations and shocks must be designed to prevent the lamps from unscrewing or falling out. It is allowed to install luminaires using shock-absorbing devices.

6.6.4. For pendant lamps for general lighting, it is recommended to have overhangs no longer than 1.5 m. For longer overhangs, measures must be taken to limit the swing of the lamps under the influence of air currents.

6.6.5. In hazardous areas, all permanently installed lighting fixtures must be rigidly reinforced to prevent swinging.

When using slotted optical fibers in hazardous areas, the requirements of Chap. 7.3.

For premises classified as fire hazardous zones P-IIa, lamps with non-flammable lenses in the form of solid silicate glass should be used.

6.6.6. To ensure the possibility of servicing lighting devices, it is allowed to install them on rotating devices, provided that they are rigidly attached to these devices and power is supplied via a flexible cable with copper conductors.

6.6.7. For lighting transport tunnels in cities and on highways It is recommended to use lamps with a degree of protection IP65.

6.6.8. Local lighting luminaires must be fixed rigidly or so that after moving they stably maintain their position.

6.6.9. Devices for hanging lamps must withstand for 10 minutes without damage or residual deformation a load applied to them equal to five times the mass of the lamp, and for complex multi-lamp chandeliers weighing 25 kg or more, a load equal to twice the mass of the chandelier plus 80 kg.

6.6.10. For permanently installed luminaires, screw current-carrying sleeves of sockets for lamps with screw bases in networks with a grounded neutral must be connected to the neutral working conductor.

If the cartridge has a non-current-carrying screw sleeve, the neutral working conductor must be connected to the contact of the cartridge to which the screw base of the lamp is connected.

6.6.11. In store windows, it is allowed to use sockets with incandescent lamps with a power of no more than 100 W, provided they are installed on non-combustible bases. It is allowed to install cartridges on flammable, for example wooden, bases sheathed with sheet steel over asbestos.

6.6.12. Wires must be inserted into the lighting fixtures in such a way that they are not subject to mechanical damage at the point of entry, and the cartridge contacts are relieved from mechanical stress.

6.6.13. Connecting wires inside brackets, hangers or pipes with which lighting fixtures are installed is not allowed. Wire connections should be made in places accessible to control, for example, at the bases of brackets, at the points where wires enter lamps.

6.6.14. Lighting fixtures may be suspended on supply wires if they are intended for this purpose and are manufactured according to special technical conditions.

6.6.15. General lighting fixtures that have terminal clamps for connecting supply conductors must allow the connection of wires and cables with both copper and aluminum conductors.

For lighting fixtures that do not have terminal clamps, when the conductors inserted into the fixture are directly connected to the contact clamps of lamp sockets, wires or cables with copper conductors with a cross-section of at least 0.5 mm 2 inside buildings and 1 mm 2 outside buildings must be used. At the same time, in the fittings for incandescent lamps with a power of 100 W and higher, DRL, DRI, DRIZ, DNAT lamps, wires with insulation that allows their heating temperature of at least 100 ° C must be used.

Unprotected wires inserted into freely suspended luminaires must have copper conductors.

Wires laid inside the lighting fixtures must have insulation corresponding to the rated voltage of the network (see also clause 6.3.34).

6.6.16. Branches from distribution networks to outdoor lighting fixtures must be made with flexible wires with copper conductors with a cross-section of at least 1.5 mm 2 for pendant lamps and at least 1 mm 2 for cantilever lamps. It is recommended to make branches from overhead lines using special adapter branch clamps.

6.6.17. To connect tabletop, portable and hand-held lamps to the network, as well as local lighting lamps suspended on wires, cords and wires with flexible copper conductors with a cross-section of at least 0.75 mm 2 must be used.

6.6.18. To charge stationary local lighting fixtures, flexible wires with copper conductors with a cross-section of at least 1 mm 2 for movable structures and at least 0.5 mm 2 for fixed ones must be used.

The insulation of the wires must correspond to the rated voltage of the network.

6.6.19. Charging brackets for local lighting fixtures must meet the following requirements:

1. The wires must be routed inside the bracket or otherwise protected from mechanical damage;

at a voltage not higher than 50 V, this requirement is not mandatory.

2. If there are hinges, the wires inside the hinged parts should not be subject to tension or chafing.

3. The holes for wires in the brackets must have a diameter of at least 8 mm with the allowance of local narrowings of up to 6 mm; Insulating bushings must be used at wire entry points.

4. In movable structures of lighting fixtures, the possibility of spontaneous movement or swinging of the fixtures must be excluded.

6.6.20. The connection of floodlights to the network must be carried out with a flexible cable with copper conductors with a cross-section of at least 1 mm 2 and a length of at least 1.5 m. Protective grounding of the floodlights must be carried out with a separate conductor.

ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION DEVICES

6.6.21. The requirements given in paragraphs. 6.6.22-6.6.31, apply to devices (switches, switches and sockets) for rated current up to 16 A and voltage up to 250 V, as well as plug connections with protective contact for rated current up to 63 A and voltage up to 380 V .

6.6.22. Devices installed hidden must be enclosed in boxes, special casings, or placed in holes in reinforced concrete panels formed during the manufacture of panels at construction industry factories. The use of flammable materials for the manufacture of covers covering openings in panels is not allowed.

6.6.23. Socket outlets installed in locked storage areas containing flammable materials or materials in flammable packaging must have a degree of protection in accordance with the requirements of Chapter. 7.4.

6.6.24. Plug sockets for portable electrical receivers with parts subject to protective grounding must be equipped with a protective contact for connecting a PE conductor. In this case, the design of the socket must exclude the possibility of using current-carrying contacts as contacts intended for protective grounding.

The connection between the grounding contacts of the plug and the socket must be established before the current-carrying contacts come into contact; the shutdown order should be reversed. The grounding contacts of socket outlets and plugs must be electrically connected to their housings if they are made of conductive materials.

6.6.25. Plug connectors must be designed in such a way that they cannot be plugged into socket outlets with a higher rated voltage than the rated voltage of the plug. The design of sockets and plugs should not allow the inclusion of only one pole of a two-pole plug, as well as one or two poles of a three-pole plug, into the socket.

6.6.26. The design of plug connectors must prevent tension or breakage of the wires connected to them at the connection points.

6.6.27. Switches and switches for portable electrical receivers should, as a rule, be installed on the electrical receivers themselves or in electrical wiring laid fixedly. On moving wires it is allowed to install only switches of a special design intended for this purpose.

6.6.28. In three- or two-wire single-phase lines of networks with a grounded neutral, single-pole switches can be used, which must be installed in the phase wire circuit, or two-pole ones, and the possibility of disconnecting one neutral working conductor without disconnecting the phase conductor must be excluded.

6.6.29. In three- or two-wire group lines of networks with an insulated neutral or without an insulated neutral at voltages above 50 V, as well as in three- or two-wire two-phase group lines in a 220/127 V network with a grounded neutral in rooms with increased danger and especially dangerous ones, they should be installed double pole switches.

6.6.30. Socket outlets must be installed:

1. In industrial premises, as a rule, at a height of 0.8-1 m; When supplying wires from above, installation at a height of up to 1.5 m is allowed.

2. In administrative, office, laboratory, residential and other premises at a height convenient for connecting electrical appliances to them, depending on the purpose of the premises and interior design, but not higher than 1 m. It is allowed to install plug sockets in (on) specially adapted for this skirting boards made of non-combustible materials.

3. In schools and child care institutions (in premises for children) at a height of 1.8 m.

6.6.31. Switches for general lighting lamps should be installed at a height of 0.8 to 1.7 m from the floor, and in schools, nurseries and kindergartens in rooms for children - at a height of 1.8 m from the floor. It is possible to install switches under the ceiling with cord control.

6.5.1. The control of external lighting must be independent of the control of internal lighting.

6.5.2. In cities and towns and industrial enterprises, centralized control of outdoor lighting should be provided (see also clauses 6.5.24, 6.5.27, 6.5.28).

Methods and technical means for centralized control systems for external and internal lighting should be determined by feasibility studies.

6.5.3. When using telemechanics in centralized control systems for external and internal lighting, the requirements of Chapter. 3.3.

6.5.4. Centralized lighting control is recommended:

external lighting of industrial enterprises - from the power supply control point of the enterprise, and in its absence - from the place where the maintenance personnel are located;

• external lighting of cities and towns - from the external lighting control point;
• internal lighting - from the room in which the service personnel are located.

6.5.5. It is recommended to provide power to centralized control devices for external and internal lighting from two independent sources.

Power supply to decentralized control devices can be carried out from the lines supplying lighting installations.

6.5.6. Centralized control systems for external and internal lighting must provide for automatic switching on of lighting in cases of emergency power failure of the main circuit or control circuit and subsequent restoration of power.

6.5.7. When automatically controlling external and internal lighting, for example, depending on the illumination created by natural light, it must be possible to manually control the lighting without the use of automation.

6.5.8. To control internal and external lighting, control devices installed in switchboards of substations, power distribution points, input switchgears, and group panels can be used.

6.5.9. With centralized control of internal and external lighting, monitoring of the position of switching devices (on, off) installed in the lighting power supply circuit must be provided.

In cascade schemes for centralized control of outdoor lighting, it is recommended to provide for monitoring the on (off) state of switching devices installed in the lighting power supply circuit.

In cascade controlled schemes for centralized control of external lighting (clauses 6.1.8, 6.5.29), no more than two uncontrolled power points are allowed.

Interior lighting control

6.5.10. When powering building lighting from substations and networks located outside these buildings, a control device must be installed at each input device into the building.

6.5.11. When powering four or more group panels with a number of groups of 6 or more from one line, it is recommended to install a control device at the input to each panel.

6.5.12. In rooms with zones with different natural lighting conditions and different operating modes, separate control of zone lighting should be provided.

6.5.13. It is recommended that switches for lamps installed in rooms with unfavorable environmental conditions be moved to adjacent rooms with better environmental conditions.

Light switches for showers and changing rooms attached to them, as well as hot shops in canteens must be installed outside these premises.

6.5.14. In long premises with several entrances visited by service personnel (for example, cable, heating, water tunnels), it is recommended to provide lighting control from each entrance or part of the entrances.

6.5.15. In rooms with four or more work lighting fixtures that do not have safety lighting or evacuation lighting, it is recommended to distribute the fixtures into at least two independently controlled groups.

6.5.16. Security lighting and evacuation lighting can be controlled: directly from the room; from group shields; from distribution points; from input distribution devices; from switchgears of substations; centrally from lighting control points using a centralized control system, while control devices should be accessible only to maintenance personnel.

6.5.17. The control of long-term artificial ultraviolet irradiation installations should be provided independently of the control of general room lighting.

6.5.18. Local lighting luminaires must be controlled by individual switches that are a structural part of the luminaire or located in a stationary part of the electrical wiring. At voltages up to 50 V, plug sockets can be used to control lamps.

Outdoor lighting control

6.5.19. The outdoor lighting control system must ensure that it turns off within no more than 3 minutes.

6.5.20. For small industrial enterprises and populated areas, it is allowed to provide control of external lighting by switching devices installed on the lighting power lines, provided that maintenance personnel have access to these devices.

6.5.21. Centralized control of outdoor lighting in cities and towns is recommended:

• telemechanical 50 thousand - with a population of more than
• telemechanical or remote - for a population of 20 to 50 thousand;
• remote - for a population of up to 20 thousand.

6.5.22. With centralized control of external lighting of industrial enterprises, the possibility of local lighting control must be ensured.

6.5.23. It is recommended to control the lighting of open technological installations, open warehouses and other open objects in industrial buildings, the lighting of which is powered from internal lighting networks, from these buildings or centrally.

6.5.24. The city's outdoor lighting should be controlled from one central control center. In the largest cities, the territories of which are separated by water, forest or natural terrain barriers, regional control centers may be provided.

Direct telephone communication is required between the central and regional control centers.

6.5.25. To reduce the lighting of city streets and squares at night, it is necessary to provide for the possibility of turning off some of the lamps. In this case, turning off two adjacent lamps is not allowed.

6.5.26. For pedestrian and transport tunnels, separate control of lamps for daytime, evening and night operating modes of tunnels should be provided. For pedestrian tunnels, it is also necessary to ensure the possibility of local control.

6.5.27. Lighting control of the territories of boarding schools, hotels, hospitals, hospitals, sanatoriums, boarding houses, holiday homes, parks, gardens, stadiums and exhibitions, etc. It is recommended to carry out from the control system of external lighting of the settlement. At the same time, the possibility of local control must be ensured.

When the lighting of these objects is powered from the internal lighting networks of buildings, control of external lighting can be carried out from these buildings.

6.5.28. It is recommended to include control over the light fencing of high-rise structures (masts, chimneys, etc.) from the objects to which these structures belong.

6.5.29. Centralized management of outdoor lighting networks in cities, towns and industrial enterprises should be carried out through the use of switching devices installed in outdoor lighting power points.

It is recommended to control switching devices in outdoor lighting networks of cities and towns, as a rule, by cascading them (sequentially).

In aerial cable networks, it is allowed to include up to 10 power points in one cascade, and in cable networks - up to 15 power points of a street lighting network.

Schemes used in modern projects remote control external lighting (see diagrams below in Fig. 1 - 6) provide:

centralized lighting control from one point separately for each object,

monitoring the position of magnetic starters,

local lighting control of individual objects with overall centralized control,

repair shutdown of external lighting from the power point,

the ability to turn off the working lighting of objects in the controlled area from the centralized lighting shutdown console,

partial shutdown of working lighting of a separate row of objects from the control cabinet.

Remote control is carried out by PM magnetic starters installed on the supply lines of outdoor lighting objects. Magnetic starters are controlled from control cabinets automatically using a photo relay of the external lighting control device AO. It is possible to control manually remotely using switches B in the control circuit by selecting a mode using the PU control mode switch.

Rice. 1. Schematic diagram lighting control circuits

Rice. 2. Schematic diagram of lighting control circuits

Centralized shutdown of external lighting is carried out by introducing into the control circuits a block contact of a centralized shutdown relay RO on the centralized shutdown panel or a block contact of a double voltage reduction relay DSN installed in relay cabinets.

The installation location for centralized switch-off of external lighting is determined by the project.

Objects are distributed into groups of emergency and working lighting for each controlled area for a specific design in accordance with current instructions.

Rice. 3. Schematic diagram of lighting control circuits for up to five objects: RP1, RP2 - intermediate relay, LKN - feeder voltage control lamp

Rice. 4. Schematic diagram of lighting control circuits for up to seven objects when placing control equipment for a nuclear power plant or control room at a control point

Networks for remote control of external lighting should be carried out using control cables laid in the ground or suspended on a cable along overhead line supports. Remote control networks are calculated from the condition that for reliable operation of magnetic starters, the voltage loss in the network should not exceed 15% at the moment of switching on.

When used in magnetic starter circuits with high starting currents, as well as at large distances between the external lighting control point and power points, an intermediate relay is introduced into the remote control circuit. In this case, the cable cross-section is selected based on the inrush current of this relay. It is recommended to use complete control devices as power supply cabinets for outdoor lighting: control boxes and control cabinets. Boxes and cabinets for power supply of external lighting are installed in the subscriber part of transformer substations.

Centralization of lighting control is often carried out by cascade schemes, in which the control of sections of the distribution lines of the external lighting network is carried out by connecting the contactor coil of the second section to the line of the first, the contactor coil of the third section to the line of the second, etc. The number of sections should not exceed 10. In this case, a controlled direction of the cascade is created by sequentially connecting sections, in which the beginning of the first and the end of the last sections of the cascade are brought into the control point and monitoring the state of the cascade.

Rice. 5. Schematic diagram of lighting control circuits for up to seven objects when placing nuclear control or control equipment at substations

Rice. 6. Schematic diagram of lighting control circuits for up to 12 objects when placing control equipment at substations

Remote control of outdoor lighting should be carried out according to the light calendar and the schedule for turning on and off installations for a populated area, according to the operating hours of lighting installations monthly for populated areas located on different latitudes, which can be used to plan energy consumption.

Deviations from the schedule for turning on and off installations drawn up for clear weather due to unfavorable weather conditions are allowed for no more than 15 minutes, i.e., a total daily increase in the operating time of installations is 30 minutes (15 minutes in the evening and 15 minutes in the morning).

It is recommended to check the time of switching on or off the installations using photovoltaic devices at control centers. automatic devices types, etc., configured for the specified illumination range.

Photosensors must be installed in accordance with their operating instructions. General requirement is to orient the photo sensor to the north so that direct sunlight does not fall on it during the day. Illumination of the photosensor by extraneous light sources - lamps, spotlights, etc. should also be excluded.

PUE clause 6.3.8. The supports of lighting installations for squares, streets, and roads must be located at a distance of at least 1 m from the front edge of the side stone to the outer surface of the support base on main streets and roads with intensive traffic. traffic and at least 0.6 m on other streets, roads and squares. This distance is allowed to be reduced to 0.3 m, provided there are no public transport routes and trucks. If there is no side stone, the distance from the edge of the roadway to the outer surface of the support base must be at least 1.75 m.

In the territories of industrial enterprises, the distance from the external lighting support to the roadway is recommended to be at least 1 m. This distance can be reduced to 0.6 m.

At what minimum width of dividing strips, according to the Electrical Installation Rules, street and road lighting supports can be installed in the center of these dividing strips?

PUE clause 6.3.17. Lighting installations of urban transport and pedestrian tunnels, lighting installations of streets, roads and squares of category A in terms of reliability of power supply belong to the second category, the rest of the external lighting installations - to the third category.

With centralized control of external lighting of which objects, according to the Electrical Installation Rules, should local lighting control be possible?

PUE clause 6.5.22. With centralized control of external lighting of industrial enterprises, the possibility of local lighting control must be ensured.

At what maximum height above the floor level, according to the Electrical Installation Rules, should luminaires serviced from stepladders or ladders be installed?

PUE clause 6.6.2. Lamps served from stepladders or ladders must be installed at a height of no more than 5 m (to the bottom of the luminaire) above the floor level. At the same time, the placement of lamps above large equipment, pits and in other places where it is impossible to install ladders or stepladders is not allowed.

At what height, as a rule, should plug sockets with a rated current of up to 16 A and voltage of up to 250 V be installed in industrial premises?

PUE clause 6.6.21. The requirements given in paragraphs. 6.6.22-6.6.31, apply to devices (switches, switches and sockets) for rated current up to 16 A and voltage up to 250 V, as well as plug connections with protective contact for rated current up to 63 A and voltage up to 380 V .

6.6.30. Socket outlets must be installed:

1. In industrial premises, as a rule, at a height of 0.8-1 m; When supplying wires from above, installation at a height of up to 1.5 m is allowed.

220. Is it allowed, according to the Electrical Installation Rules, to build built-in or attached substations in dormitory buildings of various institutions, in schools and other educational institutions?

221. In what cases, according to the Electrical Installation Rules, is it allowed to place built-in and attached substations using dry-type transformers in residential buildings if the sanitary requirements for limiting noise and vibration levels are fully met in accordance with current standards?

PUE clause 7.1.15. In dormitories of various institutions, in schools and other educational institutions, etc. the construction of built-in and attached substations is not permitted.

In residential buildings, in exceptional cases, it is allowed to place built-in and attached substations using dry transformers in agreement with state supervisory authorities, and must be fully implemented sanitary requirements to limit noise and vibration levels in accordance with current standards.

What degree of shell protection should cabinets have when placing VU, ASU, and main switchboards outside electrical rooms?

When placing VU, ASU, main switchboards, distribution points and group panels outside electrical switchboard rooms, they must be installed in places convenient and accessible for maintenance, in cabinets with an enclosure protection degree of at least IP31.

What is the minimum distance, according to the Electrical Installation Rules, from the installation site of the VU, ASU, main switchboard to the pipelines (water supply, heating, sewerage, internal drains)?

PUE clause 7.1.28. VU, ASU, main switchboard, as a rule, should be installed in electrical switchboard rooms accessible only to maintenance personnel. In areas prone to flooding, they should be installed above the flood level.

The distance from pipelines (water supply, heating, sewerage, internal drains), gas pipelines and gas meters to the installation site must be at least 1 m.

224. At what minimum cross-section, according to the Electrical Installation Rules, can the power supply of individual electrical receivers related to the engineering equipment of buildings (pumps, fans, air heaters, air conditioning units) be carried out by wires or cables with aluminum conductors?

PUE clause 7.1.34. In buildings, cables and wires with copper conductors should be used.

The power supply of individual electrical receivers related to the engineering equipment of buildings (pumps, fans, heaters, air conditioning units, etc.) can be provided by wires or cables with aluminum conductors with a cross-section of at least 2.5 mm2.

6.5.20. For small industrial enterprises and populated areas, it is allowed to provide control of external lighting by switching devices installed on the lighting power lines, provided that maintenance personnel have access to these devices.

6.5.21. Centralized control of outdoor lighting in cities and towns is recommended:

Telemechanical - with a population of more than 50 thousand;

Telemechanical or remote - for a population of 20 to 50 thousand;

Remote - for a population of up to 20 thousand.

6.5.22. With centralized control of external lighting of industrial enterprises, the possibility of local lighting control must be ensured.

6.5.23. It is recommended to control the lighting of open technological installations, open warehouses and other open objects in industrial buildings, the lighting of which is powered from internal lighting networks, from these buildings or centrally.

6.5.24. The city's outdoor lighting should be controlled from one central control center. In the largest cities, the territories of which are separated by water, forest or natural terrain barriers, regional control centers may be provided.

Direct telephone communication is required between the central and regional control centers.

6.5.25. To reduce the lighting of city streets and squares at night, it is necessary to provide for the possibility of turning off some of the lamps. In this case, turning off two adjacent lamps is not allowed.

6.5.26. For pedestrian and transport tunnels, separate control of lamps for daytime, evening and night operating modes of tunnels should be provided. For pedestrian tunnels, it is also necessary to ensure the possibility of local control.

6.5.27. Lighting control of the territories of boarding schools, hotels, hospitals, hospitals, sanatoriums, boarding houses, holiday homes, parks, gardens, stadiums and exhibitions, etc. It is recommended to carry out from the control system of external lighting of the settlement. At the same time, the possibility of local control must be ensured.

When the lighting of these objects is powered from the internal lighting networks of buildings, control of external lighting can be carried out from these buildings.

6.5.28. It is recommended to include control over the light fencing of high-rise structures (masts, chimneys, etc.) from the objects to which these structures belong.

6.5.29. Centralized management of outdoor lighting networks in cities, towns and industrial enterprises should be carried out through the use of switching devices installed in outdoor lighting power points.

It is recommended to control switching devices in outdoor lighting networks of cities and towns, as a rule, by cascading them (sequentially).

In aerial cable networks, it is allowed to include up to 10 power points in one cascade, and in cable networks - up to 15 power points of a street lighting network.