Schemes of Russian railways. Scheme of Russian railways Map of Russian railways with cities

Unlike many types of public transport, according to many, the railway has a number of advantages necessary for any travel. And in this case, it is especially necessary to note both business and tourist trips. But in order to carry out this or that trip without any problems, its optimal start will be the railway map of the region where you are planning to go. And if at one time, any diagram of railways, made in a typographical way, was somewhere in the category of a certain information deficit, then today, thanks to the same Internet, viewing and printing any section of the same railway in Russia is not special difficulties.

A little history and facts

At the same time, it is fair to note that the first diagram of Russian railways dates back to 1788 and depicted the first railway track in the history of our state from the blast furnace shop of the Alexander Cannon Plant in Petrozavodsk to the drilling shop. Although its length is clearly not comparable with the length of the same Baikal-Amur Mainline, the fact remains a fact, and irrefutable evidence of this, like a kind of historical artifacts, is still an adornment of the Historical Museum of Petrozavodsk.

In this regard, it was somewhat less fortunate, which connected the capital of the Russian Empire, St. Petersburg, with Tsarskoye Selo. In the historical understanding of this issue, all that remains of it is the general diagram of Russian railways, on which it is marked as a small section of the Moscow-Rybinsk Railway, which was built in 1900. But in some ways she was a little luckier. If only wheels remain from the Petrozavodsk “Cast Iron Wheel Pipeline,” then the Tsarskoye Selo Railway today boasts three stations built in Nikolaev. So, having originated from the historical rarities described a little above, today the scheme of the Russian Federation’s railways displays 86,700 kilometers of its total length, second only to the railways of the United States, where the total railway scheme is 194,700 kilometers.

"Russian Railways" (JSC "Russian Railways")

If today you are going to travel by rail to any corner of our fatherland, then without fail you will become one of the clients of the largest railway company in Russia, JSC Russian Railways, or nominally one of its 16 branches. So, if you want to preview the route of your upcoming trip, then at least the railway map of this route will be presented on one of its sixteen options. Namely, you will need a railway diagram of one of the sixteen divisions of JSC Russian Railways, namely:
- East Siberian Railway;
- Gorkovskaya Railway;
- Far Eastern Railway;
- Transbaikal Railway;
- West Siberian Railway;
- Kaliningrad Railway;
- Krasnoyarsk Railway;
- Kuibyshevskaya railway;
- Moscow Railway;
- Oktyabrskaya Railway;
- Privolzhskaya Railway;
- Sverdlovsk Railway;
- Northern Railway;
- North Caucasus Railway;
- South-Eastern Railway;
- and South Ural Railway.

JSC Russian Railways was formed in 2003, taking over all the functions and powers of the former Ministry of Railways. At the same time, the total length of the Russian Railways railway track at this time was more than 85 thousand kilometers. However, this railway scheme did not include part of the railways owned by private Russian companies, such as the same Norilsk Mining Company, Yakutia Railways and Yamal Railway. This feature is due to the fact that the railway tracks of these companies are located in rather remote areas of the Russian Federation, and in some cases are not connected to the federal railway at all. So, in order to increase the economic efficiency of their operation, in those years, it was decided to transfer them to private ownership. Based on this, the railway scheme of these companies was separated from the general scheme of federally subordinate railways.

At the same time, it is no less clearly necessary to know that the general scheme of Russian Railways includes a fairly extensive structure of routes providing suburban services, the total number of which on average is about 700 routes.

Moscow Railway

Although in terms of its size the Moscow Railway is not one of the longest, but taking into account the fact that almost 30% of the population of the entire Russian Federation lives in its territorial zone, and Moscow itself is a fairly large industrial and railway center, then in general In the Russian Railways structure, the Moscow Railway has a special place. Taking this into account, the railway scheme has a total length of 8984 kilometers, which is the second indicator within the framework of the activities of Russian Railways and is second in this indicator only to the Oktyabrsky branch of the railway.

Having been formed in 1959, today the general scheme of the Moscow Railway. includes thirteen regions. Namely, it includes railways located in the following territorial entities of the Russian Federation:
- Bryansk region,
- Kaluga region,
- Kursk region,
- Lipetsk region,
- Moscow region,
- Oryol region,
- Ryazan region,
- Smolensk region,
- Tula region,
- Vladimir region,
- and Penza regions,
- as well as the city of Moscow itself,

At the same time, three more sections of the Moscow Railway are located on the territory of the Republic of Mordovia.

In addition, the Moscow Railways organizes the movement of high-speed trains. Some of these routes provide high-speed passenger connections between the main airports of the capital. These transportations are carried out on electric trains of the ED4MKM-AERO model, owned by Aeroexpress, a subsidiary of Moscow Railways. The railway scheme of the Aeroexpress company provides transportation of passengers along the following routes:

Paveletsky railway station - Domodedovo air terminal;
Kyiv railway station - Vnukovo air terminal;
Savyolovsky railway station - the city of Lobnya (passengers will travel to the airport by bus);
Belorussky railway station - Sheremetyevo air terminal.

Carrying out transportation at speeds of up to 130 km/h, Aeroexpress trains have increased comfort for passenger cars, which includes not only the presence of a modern air conditioning system, but also vacuum environmentally friendly toilets.

In addition, since 2009, the railway scheme of the Moscow Railways has provided high-speed passenger service on routes from Moscow to St. Petersburg and from Moscow to Nizhny Novgorod. This direction is carried out by Sapsan passenger electric trains, developed on the basis of the Velaro electric train from Siemens AG. The speed of travel on these routes is up to 300 km/h, which ensures travel time on the route from Moscow to St. Petersburg is only 3 hours 40 minutes.

Oktyabrskaya Railway

The railway scheme of the Oktyabrskaya Railway is not only the longest on the territory of the Russian Federation, but also the oldest, since it begins to count its history from October 13, 1851, the time when the Tsarskoye Selo Railway was put into operation. It is also worth noting that a small section of the modern Oktyabrskaya Railway located between St. Petersburg and Pavlovsk, according to the decision of the international organization UNESCO, is included in the list of architectural monuments belonging to the World Heritage Site.

The total length of the Oktyabrskaya Railway track is the largest of all railways in the Russian Federation and amounts to 10,378 kilometers, which are geographically located in all northwestern regions of Russia, with the exception of the Kaliningrad region, which is an independent structure of Russian Railways. At the same time, in general, the railway scheme of the Oktyabrskaya Railway includes eleven regions, which are independent subjects of the Russian Federation. Among them are such regions as: - Leningrad, - Pskov, - Novgorod, - Vologda, - Murmansk, - Tver, - Moscow, - and Yaroslavl.

It should also be noted that the railway scheme of the Oktyabrskaya Railway, whose central office is located in St. Petersburg, includes the Leningradsky station, located in the capital of the Russian Federation, along with the territory within the boundaries of the Moscow region on which the railway tracks are located.

But the existing Oktyabrskaya Railway is not only the longest railway within the Russian Railways, but also provides up to 75% of all freight traffic and up to 40% of all passenger traffic throughout the Russian Federation. At the same time, an important fact is the fact that the Oktyabrskaya Railway railway scheme has more than 900 kilometers located above the Arctic Circle, which provide rail transportation to the industrial centers of the Russian Federation located on the Kola Peninsula and in the Murmansk region.

Such indicators are ensured not only through direct rail transportation, but also through the creation of so-called combined cargo transportation schemes, which include their direct transshipment from rail to water transport in the seaports of St. Petersburg, Murmansk and ports located on the coast White Sea and White Sea-Baltic Canal.

So, as we see, the railway scheme of the Oktyabrskaya Railway has a fairly branched structure, which provides decent volumes not only on internal routes, but also on cargo movement schemes associated with direct export-import operations.

Another feature in the activities of Oktyabrskaya Railway is the fact that since 1963, for the first time in the former USSR, the high-speed passenger train “Aurora” began running on the route from St. Petersburg to Moscow. Developing a speed of about 200 km/hour, this train covered a distance of 630 kilometers in 5 hours, which at that time was at the level of a world record and was a certain pride of all railway workers. The railway layout of the Oktyabrskaya Railway on this route included only two stops in the cities of Tver and Bologoye.

“Aurora” was equipped with luxury passenger compartment cars, and the electric train-locomotive ChS 200 from the Czech engineering company “Skoda” was used as a power drive.

However, having existed for more than 35 years, in 2010 the Aurora high-speed passenger train was decommissioned, and instead of it, the railway scheme on this route was equipped with the Sapsan high-speed express train, which in many operational parameters was superior not only to the Aurora, but and its later analogue “Nevsky Express”. The Sapsan covered the same distance of 630 kilometers, equal to the distance between the capital of the Russian Federation and St. Petersburg in four hours and forty-five minutes and had more comfortable conditions for passengers. At the same time, the railway layout on this route was also slightly changed. Since, in connection with the introduction of this train, many residents of the Tver and Novgorod regions did not have the possibility of direct railway communication, both with Moscow and St. Petersburg, the Sapsan received two more short stops in Vyshy Volochyok and Okulovka. But this did not significantly affect the total time the train spent on the road.

In the same 2010, a high-speed train was launched on the international route from St. Petersburg to Helsinki. True, it was not the Sapsan, but its Finnish analogue Alstom sm6 (Allegro), but at the same speed as the Sapsan, the Allegro covered the distance from St. Petersburg to Helsinki in just three hours and thirty minutes, which was two hours faster than its predecessor.

The founding date of the Russian railway system is considered to be 1837. The first line was laid between the then capital of the empire, St. Petersburg, and Tsarskoye Selo. Almost two centuries later, railway lines cover the entire country, providing not only freight, but also passenger transportation to almost any point in our Motherland. To this end, 86,151 kilometers of rails have been laid to date, and this figure is constantly increasing.

general information

Traditionally, in our country, railway transport is used more intensively than, for example, in Europe. The railway in Russia connects many cities and has 510 large stations, of which 45 are of particular importance.

For information: The Russian railway system is the second longest in the world and second only to the United States. But thanks to the active use of more than half of the railway track, our country is becoming a world leader.

The largest and most famous company in the railway industry is Russian Railways OJSC. The organization was founded 15 years ago and is currently actively developing. It includes 17 railways and brings the state an income of 180 billion rubles annually. Russian Railways also have many branches and subsidiaries to provide suburban passenger and freight transportation.

Railways of Russia and neighboring countries

Trains used

The government is closely monitoring the development of this industry, which is very important for the normal functioning of many areas of the economy. New facilities are being put into operation and additional roads are being laid. The rolling stock is being modernized - old trains are being replaced with new ones, which ensures greater speed and comfort of movement. More detailed information about trains and tickets can be found on the official website of JSC Russian Railways online.

Important! Today, locomotives, wagons and other vehicles manufactured in the Soviet Union are used on railway roads. But gradually they are being replaced with new equipment produced at Uralvagonzavod and other enterprises.

Import express trains are also used:

• Direction St. Petersburg-Helsinki - Allegro (France, Alstom);
• “Swallows” produced by Siemens drive around the Leningrad region;
• The Moscow-Berlin direction is served by Talgo 250″, Patentes Talgo S.L.;
• The Moscow-St. Petersburg direction is served by Sapsan aircraft manufactured by Siemens.

The policy of railway companies, aimed at improving the quality of services provided to passengers, makes it possible to conveniently travel to any region of our vast Motherland. Below you will find railway coverage schemes current for 2018, which will allow you to more carefully plan your trip route.

Russian Railways logo

Maps, detailed diagrams, descriptions of Russian railways

The map of Russian railways is very large. It is divided into main sections, which are subordinate to Russian Railways. Its branches provide railway services in the regions. Below is brief information about all railways of the Russian Federation with detailed maps:

Attention! Official website where you can find out more detailed information about purchasing tickets, train schedules and a list of stations - http://ozd.rzd.ru

1. The PVZhD is also sometimes called the Ryazan-Ural Railway. It serves the south-eastern part of the Russian Federation and neighboring regions. There are a little more than four thousand ruts. Additional information is available on the portal.

1. Another connecting link for the European and Asian parts of Russia is the Sverdlovsk Railway with a length of railway coverage of almost 14,000 kilometers. This is one of the few railway surfaces that exist in the Arctic.

1. The northern railway stretched from the central regions to the Arctic, the map of which is located below. It is operated in very difficult weather conditions, but is necessary for the livelihoods of many people living in the northern regions. The total length of the railway road is eight and a half thousand kilometers. All missing information can be seen on the official website.

1. Through the efforts of the employees of the North Caucasus Railway, the regions of the Southern Federal District are served. In total, North Caucasus Railways covers 11 constituent entities of the Russian Federation, and also borders the Republic of Azerbaijan, Georgia and Ukraine. The length of the track is more than 6000 kilometers. Official site .
2. The most important railway connection between the regions of the country and neighboring countries is the Southern Eastern Railway. It is a link between the eastern and central regions, bordering the North, North-West, the Caucasus region and Ukraine. You can use it to get to the countries of Transcaucasia. Official website.
3. The Southern Railway connects Europe and Asia. It includes several railway lines. It is also an important structural element for trips to the regions of Kazakhstan. It covers 8000 kilometers. Official site .
4. As part of the Far Eastern railway, one can highlight the Sakhalin railway with a length of 804 kilometers.

Trans-Siberian Railway

Separately, it is worth mentioning two highways - the Baikal-Amur (BAM) and the Trans-Siberian:

1. The BAM track connects the V-Siberian Railway and the Far Eastern Railway. When built it was planned as part of the Great Northern Railway route, which was never realized. The main branch connects Tashkent with Sovetskaya Gavan station. Since 2013, a plan has been developed for the construction of the Tynda - Khani branch, which should become BAM 2. Below is a map of the Baikal-Amur Mainline with all stations in good quality.
2. The Trans-Siberian Railway, which is also known as the Great Siberian Road, stretches over 9,000 kilometers and plays an important role in the country's economy. At the beginning of the 21st century it was completely electrified. Thanks to his work, you can get from Moscow to Vladivostok in just a week.

Convenient route determination services

For people who want to look at a complete map of Russian railways, the best way to make the final choice to determine the route is to use modern technology. Currently, one of the most convenient services that allows you to change the scale and plot the path from point A to point B is the Google map application.

Route on Google service

What he can do:

• determine the best route according to given coordinates;
• make calculations of distance and travel time when using various modes of transport;
• point out problem areas of the road. For example, where traffic jams have occurred, repair work is underway, etc. A forecast is given for the time to resolve the problem;
• the ability to calculate alternative travel options;
• combining modes of transport to choose the best option;
• the ability to panoramic view of the streets of the desired cities and much more.

To get directions, follow these steps:

1. After accessing the service, you need to switch to route construction mode and enter the required addresses in the upper and lower fields. The first will be the point of departure, and the second will be the point of arrival.
2. Upon completion of the first step, a blue diagram will appear on the map. Problem areas will be highlighted in yellow. Very severe congestion is indicated in red.
3. The user will also be able to find out the distance between the points of departure and arrival and travel time.
4. If the paved path does not suit you in any way, you can use the alternative, which is shown in gray on the map, as can be seen from the picture below. This is very useful if there is an emergency on the road and travel on it is impossible, and the service will warn you about it.

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The railway network of the Russian Federation is quite extensive. It consists of several sections of highways, which are owned by Russian Railways OJSC. Moreover, all regional roads are formally branches of JSC Russian Railways, while the company itself acts as a monopolist in Russia:

The road runs through the territory of the Irkutsk and Chita regions and the republics of Buryatia and Sakha-Yakutia. The length of the highway is 3848 km.

The road runs along two parallel latitudinal directions: Moscow - Nizhny Novgorod - Kirov and Moscow - Kazan - Yekaterinburg, which are connected by roads. The road connects the Central, North-Western and Northern regions of Russia with the Volga region, the Urals and Siberia. The Gorky road borders on the following railways: Moscow (Petushki and Cherusti stations), Sverdlovsk (Cheptsa, Druzhinino stations), Northern (Novki, Susolovka, Svecha stations), Kuibyshevskaya (Krasny Uzel, Tsilna stations). The total developed length of the road is 12066 km. The length of the main railway tracks is 7987 km.

The railway passes through the territory of five constituent entities of the Russian Federation - Primorsky and Khabarovsk territories, Amur and Jewish Autonomous Regions, and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Its service area also includes the Magadan, Sakhalin, Kamchatka regions and Chukotka - over 40% of the territory of Russia. Operating length - 5986 km.

The Trans-Baikal Railway runs in the south-east of Russia, through the territory of the Trans-Baikal Territory and the Amur Region, is located next to the border of the People's Republic of China and has the only direct land border railway crossing in Russia through the Zabaikalsk station. Operating length - 3370 km.

The West Siberian Railway passes through the territory of Omsk, Novosibirsk, Kemerovo, Tomsk regions, Altai Territory and partly the Republic of Kazakhstan. The developed length of the main tracks of the highway is 8986 km, the operational length is 5602 km.

The road operates in special geopolitical conditions. The shortest route from the center of Russia to the countries of Western Europe runs through Kaliningrad. The road does not have common borders with Russian Railways. The total length of the highway is 1,100 km, the length of the main routes is over 900 kilometers.

The highway passes through four large regions - Kemerovo region, Khakassia, Irkutsk region and Krasnoyarsk Territory, connecting the Trans-Siberian and South Siberian railways. Figuratively speaking, it is a bridge between the European part of Russia, its Far East and Asia. The operational length of the Krasnoyarsk road is 3160 km. The total length is 4544 kilometers.

The railway stretches from the Moscow region to the Ural foothills, connecting the center and west of the Russian Federation with the large socio-economic regions of the Urals, Siberia, Kazakhstan and Central Asia. The road consists of two almost parallel lines running from West to East: Kustarevka - Inza - Ulyanovsk and Ryazhsk - Samara, which connect at the Chishmy station, forming a double-track line ending at the spurs of the Ural Mountains. Two other lines of the road Ruzaevka - Penza - Rtishchevo and Ulyanovsk - Syzran - Saratov run from North to South.

Within its current boundaries, the Moscow Railway was organized in 1959 as a result of the full and partial unification of six roads: Moscow-Ryazan, Moscow-Kursk-Donbass, Moscow-Okruzhnaya, Moscow-Kiev, Kalinin and Northern. The deployed length is 13,000 km, the operational length is 8,800 km.

The Oktyabrskaya Mainline passes through the territory of eleven constituent entities of the Russian Federation - Leningrad, Pskov, Novgorod, Vologda, Murmansk, Tver, Moscow, Yaroslavl regions, the cities of Moscow and St. Petersburg and the Republic of Karelia. Operating length - 10143 km.

The Volga (Ryazan-Ural) railway is located in the southeast of the European part of Russia in the region of the Lower Volga and the middle reaches of the Don and covers the territories of the Saratov, Volgograd and Astrakhan regions, as well as several stations located within the Rostov, Samara regions and Kazakhstan. The length of the road is 4191 km.

The highway connects the European and Asian parts of Russia, stretches from west to east for one and a half thousand kilometers and crosses the Arctic Circle in a northern direction. Passes through Nizhny Tagil, Perm, Yekaterinburg, Surgut, Tyumen. It also serves the Khanty-Mansi and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrugs. Operating length - 7154 km. The deployed length is 13,853 km.

The highway originates in the center of Russia and extends far to the north of the country. Most of the Northern Mainline is operated in the harsh conditions of the Far North and the Arctic. The unfolded length is 8500 kilometers.

The road’s service area includes 11 constituent entities of the Russian Federation of the Southern Federal District; it directly borders Ukraine, Georgia and Azerbaijan. The operational length of the highway is 6358 km.

The South-Eastern Railway occupies a central position in the railway network and connects the eastern regions and the Urals with the Center, as well as the regions of the North, North-West and Center with the North Caucasus, Ukraine and the Transcaucasian states. The South-Eastern Road borders on the Moscow, Kuibyshev, North Caucasus, and Southern Railways of Ukraine. Operating length - 4189 km.

The South Ural Railway is located in two parts of the world - at the junction of Europe and Asia. It includes Chelyabinsk, Kurgan, Orenburg and Kartalinsk branches. Several mainline railway lines pass through the territory of Kazakhstan. The South-Eastern Road borders on the Moscow, Kuibyshev, North Caucasus, and Southern Railways of Ukraine. Operating length - 4189 km. The developed length is over 8000 km.