How to connect gas equipment to the carburetor of a gazelle and a vaz. Features of connecting to HBO Connecting to HBO 4

The cost of gasoline is inexorably rising, so more and more motorists are thinking about converting their car to gas. Installing an LPG on a car yourself is an excellent alternative to using gasoline. In this article we will tell you how to choose gas equipment and how to install it yourself.

Selecting a HBO kit

The easiest way is to choose branded equipment for a specific brand car.

Some of the popular representatives of model gas equipment are brands Prins, BRC and Vially.

The kits from these brands contain all the necessary elements. Starting from gearboxes, nozzles, valves and ending with special electronic modules, requiring no programming or additional configuration.

The model gas equipment of the car is system unified for a specific make/model of car me or the platform on which the car is assembled.

Such systems are equipped with all the necessary fasteners, which are unified by seating and designed to distribute the main components in safe places in the car.

The electronic part of the model equipment is pre-calibrated at the factory for a specific car model, and this greatly simplifies the setup and pairing of the gas equipment with the standard ECU system.

Often, when installing a certified model LPG in specialized services, the car does not fall out of warranty service. This point is only valid if gas equipment is installed in special services that provide a guarantee and cooperate with dealer centers.

Branded model LPG has a number of advantages and disadvantages.

pros

• does not require drilling a large number of holes and installing additional clamps and fasteners, model kits fit “in place” and are perfectly installed in the places provided by the manufacturer;
• does not require intervention in the vehicle’s electronic control unit;
• reliability;
• maintaining the dealer warranty (only when contacting specialized services).

Minuses model gas equipment:

• high price;
• lack of choice (only a limited list of brands and modifications);
• large financial costs for installation in a specialized service.

If a car enthusiast does not have the desire and money to spend on purchasing branded LPG, then you can go the other way and choose a universal set of equipment. Such universal kits are presented in abundance in the assortments of many automobile stores.

One of the main advantages of a unified gas equipment is the ability to select individual elements. Starting from nozzles and gearboxes to special valves and filling containers.

The ability to select and purchase parts separately makes standardized sets of gas equipment very attractive for purchase. As a rule, installing an LPG with your own hands, assembled from various components, does not cause serious difficulties, but requires knowledge of certain skills.

Unified gas equipment kits vary in their characteristics(power, number of cylinders, type of fuel injection, presence of a turbocharger, etc.).

The limiting factors in this case will be only engine power and filling tank. The power of the engine will determine which gearbox and injectors will need to be installed, and the location of the filling tank is different on all cars, so this point is worth taking into account.

Advantages universal gas systems:

• low cost;
• wide availability;
• compatible with a large number of brands and models of cars;
• possibility of individual selection of components for specific operating conditions of the machine.

Flaws universal gas systems:

• there is a risk of running into a defect or counterfeit;
• requires additional work on installation and preparation of attachments;
• deprivation of the dealer warranty (if the car is under factory warranty and the installation is not carried out by a certified service center);
• requires adjustment of the electronic control unit.

List of required tools and equipment

Installing a 4th generation LPG with your own hands is not a difficult task. Before you carry out installation yourself, you need to acquire a certain set of tools.

No specialized tools are required to carry out work related to the gas system.

In stock must have:

• standard set of socket bits and sockets;
• pliers;
• WD-40;
• electric drill;
• a set of metal drills;
• thread tap (for injector threads);
• sealant and thread locker;
• set of screwdrivers (including torx screwdrivers);
• torque wrench (optional);
• spare bolts, nuts and washers (preferably).

Installation process

For car enthusiasts who have ever carried out repairs and maintenance of VAZ-made cars with their own hands, the installation of equipment will not cause great demands.

The main thing is to follow all prescribed instructions and check the reliability of the connections made.

There is no specific algorithm for installing a gas system on a car; you can start either by inserting the injectors or by securing the cylinder in the passenger compartment or trunk.

The stages of work can be divided into:

• design (fitting connections, planning the placement of parts);
• rough installation (drilling holes, laying lines);
• gearbox installation;
• injector insertion;
• securing the cylinder;
• final installation (connecting all elements together, securely tightening nuts and bolts, checking for leaks);
• electronic pairing and setup

Injection insertion and ramp installation

Let's start with the most difficult one, from the insertion of the injectors into the intake manifold. To do this, you will need to disconnect the air filter, electronic chips from the throttle and other elements attached to the intake tract. For removing the collector itself it is necessary to unscrew the fixing studs (less commonly, bolts) and carefully pull the manifold off the studs.

Once the manifold is removed, you need to mark the holes for inserting gas injectors. The distance from the adjacent plane of the cylinder head manifold to the insertion point can vary in the range from 1 to 7 cm. We select the insertion location with the largest diameter so as not to interfere with the normal air flow. Once the location for the injectors has been selected, the areas on the manifold that will need to be drilled should be marked.

Drill holes for injectors at an angle of 45-90 degrees in the direction of the air flowing into the motor. You should work with a drill at low speeds, and it is better to start with a small drill, and towards the end of drilling, replace the drill with a suitable diameter and drill the holes to the end

After drilling the holes for the gas injectors, take a tap and cut the thread. Now we thoroughly clean the intake manifold and install the injectors. Before inserting, it is advisable to use a thread locker and secure the nozzles to a locklight or clamp.

Now, depending on the fastener, you should install the ramp. The mounting location can be on the intake manifold (most often) or on the valve cover (if convenient). To install, we repeat the operation of marking the marks, then simply drill the landing grooves ( DO NOT drill through the manifold, because this will lead to its failure).

Gearbox installation

The gearbox can be placed almost anywhere. It should be placed strictly parallel to the movement of the vehicle, and the height of the location should not be very low or high. Optimal placement - just below the cylinder head valve cover.

Installing the gearbox is quite simple - we select a suitable mount, then drill holes on the car body and only after that install the gearbox.

Installing the cylinder and pulling lines

The location of the cylinder depends on its type; toroidal ones are great for placing in the spare tire niche, and cylindrical ones are right behind the backs of the rear seats. There is nothing complicated about installing the cylinder - select the optimal location and install retaining fasteners(according to instructions). If there is a valve on the cylinder, its outlet channel should be reliably isolated from the external environment with a sealant and led out into its nozzle.

For highway pulling You will need to drill several holes in the trunk floor and thread the tubes from the cylinder into them.

The highway should be located next to brake pipes. As practice shows, this arrangement is extremely successful.

Highways will rarely come into contact with the road surface. In the front part, “on the apron,” we also make mounting holes through which we “run” the line. As soon as the line is “stretched”, we fix its ends in the cylinder and reducer.

Electronics Testing and Calibration

It is better to entrust the adjustment of the electronic controller to specialists, since adjustment requires a lot of knowledge, experience and special equipment.

And here checking connections for leaks is carried out by soaping all connections and visually monitoring gas leaks; this can be done quickly and easily in a garage.

Conclusion

The use of gas systems in cars is a justified step in saving money. The cost of gas (a mixture of propane and butane is used) is almost half the cost of gasoline, and the final result is almost the same. Installing gas cylinder systems on budget and middle-class cars will not cause serious difficulties for an experienced car enthusiast who is fluent in a jigsaw and grinder.

Installation video:

Author

For 15 years I have been repairing various types of cars, including brands such as VAZ, UAZ, Chevrolet, Mazda, Kia and many others. Everything related to the gearbox, engine or chassis. You can write me your question below in the comments and I will try to answer it in detail.

The second generation system is mainly installed in cars with carburetor or injection and mono injection engines equipped with a lambda probe.
Improvements Dynamic performance has been improved and fuel consumption is efficient. It differs from the first generation in that it has a gearbox. It has a vacuum stop valve replaced with an electromagnetic one. The fuel type switch has changed accordingly. Now you can open the gas supply electronically. Gasoline is turned off electronically - the valve is no longer needed. The electronic control unit maintains the optimal composition of the gas-air mixture in all engine operating modes. Scheme The second generation system has the following design:


1. Cylinder
2. Multivalve + Ventilation unit
3. Hoses and pipelines high pressure (gas main)
4. Refilling device
5. Gas valve with filter(electromagnetic)
6. Gearbox(gas evaporator)
7. Gas dispenser
8. Mixer(mixer)
9. Gasoline valve(electromagnetic) or Injector operation emulator
(gas-gasoline) The diagram also shows a gasoline valve, however, in most cases on injection engines, its installation is practically impossible.
It is much easier and more correct to turn off gasoline using an injector emulator. Electrical diagram The connection diagram for gas equipment on injection cars differs from each other. This is due to certain types of engines and type of equipment.


The main electrical unit in the circuit is the gas-gasoline switch and it is installed in mandatory regardless of engine type. 1. Cylinder Made of 3-4mm thick steel to ensure safety even in case of accidents. Currently, cylinders are produced in various sizes depending on the engine size. Cylindrical cylinder- the most common form in first-generation gas treatment plants.


Toroidal cylinder— designed for mounting in a spare tire storage area. This shape allows you to conveniently place the cylinder in a car while maintaining useful space, for example in a station wagon.





There is a difference in the cost of cylinders; toroidal options are best for installation. 2. Multivalve and Ventilation unit A multi-valve is installed together with the cylinder. It prohibits filling the cylinder above 80%. Cylinders should not be 100% full. Free space is necessary in the cylinder to ensure safety. Even if the cylinder is heated to +70 C, which is impossible even if the machine is used harshly, the liquid will fill the residual volume.




The cost of a multivalve is within 2000 rubles. There are options for 1500 rubles. The multivalve also performs other functions:

Refill volume limitation. (up to 80%) The multivalve is installed in - Ventilation block. It avoids possible gas accumulation as a result of any unforeseen circumstances.
The removable cover provides easy access to the multivalve.


On average, a ventilation chamber will cost 300 rubles. 3. Hoses and pipelines Made of copper and can withstand pressure of 45 bar, from 6 to 8 mm in diameter. The cylinder is connected to the multivalve and reducer through this particular pipeline.


The pipe must be secured to the underbody of the vehicle, away from the exhaust pipe and the vehicle's suspension. There should be elastic pads at the attachment point to dampen vibration.

A pipeline with a diameter of 8 mm is supplied to the filling line. For all other ligaments - 6 mm. The rubber hose is used to install the antifreeze connection from the point of insertion into the line to the gearbox and to install the connection between the gearbox and the injectors.

All prices are indicated per 1 meter. 4. Remote filling device The remote filling device is designed to safely connect the filling hose when filling a gas cylinder.



It is installed in the car’s gas filler flap in cases where this is possible due to the characteristics of the car.

5. Gas valve with filter This valve automatically shuts off the gas supply from the cylinder to the engine. The gas valve is closed when there is no voltage (12v) applied to it. When electrical circuit closed, the valve opens and opens the gas supply.

There are arrows on the surface of the valve that indicate the direction of gas flow - that is, from the cylinder to the engine. Average valve cost -


The valve is fixed in a vertical position, usually on the wall of the engine compartment. The valve also contains - Filter(to clean the incoming gas). Filters come in different sizes and shapes, depending on the type of valve used.


The cost of the filter also depends on its type and amounts to 100-150 rubles. 6. Gearbox Provides heat exchange for gas evaporation and pressure reduction required for supply to the engine.

Gearboxes are available in various designs:

TURBO for cars with turbocharging.


The cost is not much different and is within 3000 rubles.

7. Gas dispenser After the mixer there is a dispenser that regulates the amount of gas supplied to the engine. The dispenser has a gas inlet, an outlet, an adjusting screw and a hole for a vacuum tube.

The feed can be adjusted using the adjusting screw. A dispenser with two adjusting screws is necessary to supply gas to the chambers in a 2-chamber carburetor.


The thing is simple, costs around 100 rubles. 8. Mixer Supply the engine with the required amount of gas and air. This happens in various ways through the carburetor diffuser, or by creating a diffuser in the design of the mixer itself. For each type of vehicle there is a specific mixer model.

Mixers can also be divided into several groups:
1. Mixers installed in the upper part of the carburetor;
2. Mixers - spacers that are installed in the middle part of the carburetor.
3. Fittings, so-called inserts, inserted into the carburetor using drilling.
4. A fork-shaped system consisting of tubes that are inserted into the carburetor without drilling.
5. Mixers for injection systems of various modifications.

9. Gasoline valve Blocks the supply of gasoline when the car is running on gas. The valve is closed when no electricity is supplied to it and opens when turned on.

It is installed in the engine compartment only on carburetor cars between the fuel pump and the carburetor. There are arrows on the valve body indicating the direction of gasoline flow. The valve must be mounted vertically, away from hazardous engine parts.


The cost of the valve is within 1000 rubles. In most cases, on injection engines, installing a gasoline valve is practically impossible. It is easier and more correct to turn off gasoline using an injector emulator. Injector operation emulator When installing LPG, the gasoline supply is interrupted by turning off the injectors. The standard ECU initiates injector shutdown as a break in the injectors, turns on the fault lamp (Check Engine) and puts the engine into emergency mode (the latter rarely happens). The injector operation emulator is used to prevent the ECU from seeing the injectors breakage.

Let's look at its diagram.

When running on gasoline, the circuit is closed, and when running on gas, the circuit opens and runs through the load resistors, thereby not indicating to the ECU that the wires are broken. The emulator is selected according to the number of engine injectors, usually 2, 4, 6 injector models. The cost of such an emulator is within 1500 rubles. 10. Fuel type switch Gas/gasoline switch is a device designed to switch the operating mode of a vehicle from one type of fuel to another at the moment when a certain number of vehicle engine speeds is reached.

All switches are divided into three main groups. 1. For injection engines. This type of switch has three positions: petrol, gas and automatic mode.
2. For carburetor engines with the installation of an electronic gearbox. In these switches, the "GAS" position is equipped with an automatic shutdown of power from the shut-off valves.
3. For carburetor engines with the installation of a vacuum reducer. And on this gas-gasoline switch there are two toggle switches. One for switching the type of fuel, the second for pumping gas before starting the engine. The cost of switches usually does not exceed 1000 rubles.


All switches are supplied with a wiring diagram and mounting kit. Installation 2nd generation HBO is usually installed on carburetor cars. Very often the price of equipment is a decisive parameter.
If the car is not in the premium segment, then there is no point in installing expensive equipment on it. The cost of all gas equipment with its installation starts from 15,000 rubles. You can also purchase all the equipment as a mini kit for self-installation.
The average price is 6,000 rubles.


Typically this kit consists of:

Issue more modern cars forces manufacturers of gas systems to develop, moving with the times. Although the number of obsolete vehicles is inevitably decreasing, in pursuit of savings on fuel and car maintenance costs, 2nd generation LPG does not lose popularity among car owners. Its installation and adjustment does not require special equipment. Therefore, it is possible to install gas equipment on a car yourself in the conditions of an average garage.

Device on the carburetor

HBO 2 kit for carburetor

The second generation kit includes:

• filling valve;
• with and level sensor;
• filling, consumable lines;
• with a coarse filter (sometimes a remote filter with a solenoid gas supply valve);
• fuel type selection button;
• gas mixture dispenser (power register);
• device for mixing gas with air (mixer);
• solenoid valve, blocking the access of gasoline to the power unit when converting it to gas.

Operating principle of 2nd generation equipment carburetor engine next:

The engine starts and warms up using gasoline. Next, the key is moved to the neutral position to produce fuel from the carburetor float chamber. Thus, the solenoid valve is activated, which shuts off the gasoline supply.

After which the switch is placed in the gas supply position, activating gas valve. So the gas, which is in a liquid state in the cylinder, flows through the multivalve to the reducer. At this stage, the mixture undergoes preliminary rough cleaning.

When the gearbox warms up from the engine coolant, liquefied gas converted to steam. In the vapor phase, the fuel, passing through the power register, mixes with air in the carburetor.

To do this, in the 2nd generation HBO system, an injection mixer (spacer) or gas inserts are installed on the carburetor.

Then the finished gas mixture, entering through the intake manifold and cylinder head valves, is ignited by a spark in the combustion chamber of the engine cylinder.

To switch back to base fuel, the LPG button is moved to the position of working on gasoline, bypassing the neutral position.

Diagram on engines with injector

Second generation gas equipment kit for injection internal combustion engines

Here the equipment differs in several components:

1. the button is specifically for the injection system, but there are also universal ones;
2. A mixer with a counter mechanism is installed in front of the throttle valve;
3. petrol injector emulator;
4. lambda probe emulator (installation is not required on all machines).

There are no radical differences in the operating principles of both gas equipment schemes. Major changes have been made to the design of the gas equipment due to the presence in a car with an injector of injectors for supplying fuel (or a mono injector - one nozzle for all cylinders). Which are controlled by the standard engine control unit (ECU).

The engine can switch to gas in semi-automatic mode (middle position of the toggle switch). Until the engine reaches a given number of rpm (1500-2000), gasoline is supplied to the combustion chamber. Then the switch to gas occurs automatically.

An injector emulator is needed to turn off gasoline injectors; it also sends a signal to the controller (ECU) simulating their operation. Due to this, the control unit does not display an error (“ check engine") about non-working injectors, through an alarm on the instrument panel.

The lambda probe emulator (oxygen sensor) blocks the engine control unit from outputting a false error about a lean fuel mixture. Sensor advantages:

• facilitates setting up HBO due to the display of an indication of the quality of the mixture (poor green, rich red);
• reduces gas consumption by an average of 7-10%;
• allows you to detect real errors in engine operation.

Because of possible malfunctions in the ignition system (missing sparks) or gas distribution mechanism, popping noises occur in the engine. The reason for this is the ignition of fuel in the intake manifold, which can lead to its rupture.

If the engine has a plastic manifold, it is recommended to install the 4th generation of equipment. Or replacing the intake with a metal one.

The second generation gas equipment is equipped with an “anti-pop” valve, which is installed in the gas mixer or may be additional in the air filter housing.

Installation of HBO 2nd generation

1. After selecting the components, the connection diagram for the 2nd generation LPG to the injector and carburetor will consist of several stages: Preparation of the mounting location for the cylinder. Here you need to provide ventilation holes, you will have to drill the bottom for the tubes, and also reliable fastening balloon. In this case, you should stock up on a drill and a drill bit. the right size. Next comes the installation of the cylinder, then the multivalve.

   

   Installation options for HBO cylinders

2. Installation of the VZU in a pre-selected location (gas tank flap, bumper, on a bracket). Connecting a filling line with a diameter of 8 mm to the multivalve.

   

   Methods for installing VZU

3. Installation of a 6 mm supply line from the cylinder to the engine compartment (it is recommended to use plastic). It is important to route the pipe away from the exhaust system and moving parts of the vehicle's suspension. It is advisable to mount it near the gasoline line. For fastening it is convenient to use plastic clamps and metal brackets.
4. An evaporator reducer is installed in the engine compartment (a vacuum one is better suited for a carburetor). Here you should choose a place taking into account the possibility of its maintenance (adjustment, ). You also need to pay attention to the correct installation diagram, which is included in the kit. When starting to move and stop, inertial forces affect the gearbox diaphragm, so it is mounted with its end facing the direction of travel of the vehicle.

   

   Correct location of the HBO gearbox 2

5. A flow line is supplied to the gearbox. If there is no solenoid valve on the gearbox, a remote gas valve with a coarse filter is installed between the cylinder and the evaporator, which is mounted in the engine compartment. For convenience, it is placed in an accessible place, closer to the gearbox.

   

   Remote gas valve with coarse filter

6. In the carburetor version, a gas shut-off valve is also installed after the gas pump in the cut in the hose.

   

   Gasoline solenoid valve

7. If the car has a carburetor, fittings are made or a mixer is installed to supply gas from the gearbox to the carburetor. In the case of an injector, a mixer with an anti-pop device is mounted in front of the throttle valve. Then it is supplied with an embedded power register. The closer the register is installed to the mixer, the more responsive the adjustment will be.

   

   Double screw "greed"

8. Hoses from the cooling system are also supplied to the gearbox throttle valve(option with injector). In the carburetor circuit, the antifreeze hoses are inserted into the interior heating system (the tees must be inserted parallel to the stove). Ideally, it is powered directly from the engine's water jacket (cylinder head), but this will require some effort.

   

   Connection diagram of the LPG reducer to the heating system

9. In the cabin (injector/carburetor).
10. In the injection version, an injector emulator and an oxygen sensor emulator are installed. The wiring diagram (pinout) is carried out in accordance with the instructions supplied with the equipment. The main thing is to observe safety precautions when laying wires (use corrugated insulating tubes, reliable terminals with connectors, use soldering instead of twists, do not lay them in places of possible heating).

    

    Wiring diagram for connecting the lambda probe emulator and injectors

11. After completing the installation work, you need to start the engine and check the functionality of the gas equipment (without fuel). The car should stall when switching to gas. Next, you need to fill the cylinder with 5-10 liters of gas. Using a soapy solution, check for leaks in all connections and repair them as soon as they are identified.

Equipment setup

Reducer-evaporator diagram

As an example, consider the configuration option for a popular gearbox from Tomasetto (Tomasetto AT-07 electronic). Adjustment of 2nd generation Lovato gearboxes and its full analogues, such as Atiker and Torelli, is performed in a similar manner.

Before starting work, make sure that all engine systems are in good condition. The air filter has been changed, the ignition has been adjusted, and the coolant level is normal. Drain the condensate from the gearbox, if it is not new, make sure it is in good condition.

In order to adjust second-generation gas equipment with your own hands, you need to warm up the engine to operating temperature on gasoline, switch to gas and turn off the engine. From now on, we will separate the configuration options for different types engines.

Correct adjustment of 2nd generation HBO on a carburetor with your own hands

1. Using a flat-head screwdriver, tighten the screws of the gearbox and dispenser until they stop (without much effort), and then unscrew:
   • membrane sensitivity 2-3 turns;
   • “greed screw” of the first chamber until fully open, the second by 1 turn.
2. Start the engine on gas. Gradually tighten the sensitivity screw to find the moment the speed drops at a lean mixture. Attention! A drop may occur when the mixture is enriched. Therefore, if, when unscrewing the screw, the speed increases, and then falls again, it means that this is working on a rich mixture. Now, by screwing the screw back in clockwise, you need to set the peak of increased engine speed - this way the idle speed will be found (800-850 rpm). If higher, adjust the quantity screw on the carburetor itself to the desired readings.
3. Use the accelerator to increase engine performance around 3000 rpm. Use the “greed screw” of the first chamber to set the moment when, when it is tightened, the drop begins, and when unscrewed, the speed increases. Release the accelerator and revoke the throttle; if the internal combustion engine develops low speed (there is a dip), unscrew the screw of the first chamber of the power register by 1/8. At the same time, adjust the sensitivity screw as indicated in point No. 2. Check by re-gasping again.
4. The second chamber of the carburetor operates at increased engine speeds from 3000 rpm (depending on the engine brand). Therefore, the “greed screw” of the second camera must be set to approximately the same position as the first.
5. Next, you need to carry out control tests on the move under different loads (lifts, sudden accelerations).

Setting up 2nd generation HBO on an injector

• Unscrew the screw of the power register and membrane by 2-3 turns, tighten it until it stops.
• Start the engine. Raise the engine speed to 3000-3500 rpm, by tightening and unscrewing the dispenser, find the peak of maximum engine speed. From this position, screw in the register screw 0.5 turns.
• Release the accelerator and revise the throttle. If the engine starts to choke, unscrew the metering bolt 1/8. And so on until finding the optimal speed set.
• Then, gradually tightening the membrane sensitivity screw, find the moment the speed drops, loosen the screw by 1/8.

In this case, it is convenient to use a lambda probe emulator. The setting can be considered correct when the indication on it (LED) glows red on Idling. If this condition is not met, you can unscrew the x/x screw until the engine speed stabilizes. Also, if you have a device (gas analyzer), you can use it to adjust the gas equipment even more accurately.

Gas equipment is a frequent visitor to the roads modern Russia. Prices for gasoline and diesel are rising, and the economy is far from ideal, as a result of which motorists are actively switching to cheap gas. Of course, the costs of installing and registering gas equipment are considerable, but with active use of the machine they will pay for themselves in an extremely short time. In a number of articles, our resource has already examined in detail the main components of gas equipment, the procedure for its installation and legalization, but the issue of installing a gas equipment button has not been covered. Correcting this misunderstanding, we present you with today’s material. It is there that everyone can find answers to questions about what the HBO button is, how to install it and why it is needed in principle. Interesting? Be sure to scroll down the page.

Gas equipment of any formation is equipment that allows you to adapt Gas engine for food and gas operation. Typically, the most popular and used units run on propane or methane. Regardless of the type, HBO is not a replacement for a standard injector or carburetor, but only a convenient and high-quality alternative. That is, by installing gas, any motorist gets the opportunity to use his vehicle both by recharging with gas fuel and regular gasoline.

Switching between the engine’s fuel supply cannot occur automatically, because this aspect of the machine’s operation is set personally by the motorist. To switch the engine operating mode to gas from gasoline or vice versa, special equipment called the LPG button is used.

In fact, this element of equipment design is a device that works together with both the gas equipment control unit and the electronic “brains” of the engine injector or carburetor. The principle of its operation is based on the fact that, using fine electronic tuning, pressing a button blocks the operation of one fuel distribution unit and connects another to the operation. Thus, the supply of gasoline is switched to the supply of gas, or the reverse operation is carried out.

It turns out that the button for switching engine operating modes is one of the most important components in controlling all gas equipment. Moreover, it does not matter whether the car has a 2nd generation HBO or a 4th generation HBO. In any case, a switch is needed and it plays the most important role, adapting the engine operating mode to the desires of the motorist.

Types of buttons

The LPG button is exactly the element that is equipped with any gas equipment when it is sold. Despite this, loss and damage to the fuel switch happens quite often, as a result of which the question regarding the choice of new buttons is always relevant among gas motorists. There are no particular difficulties in selecting a new HBO component, except for the fact that you need to purchase the type of button specifically for a specific car.

Based on the last point, it is worth noting that there is a classification of HBO buttons, which is carried out according to:

• In view of the available equipment (it is not surprising that for HBO 2 and HBO 4 completely different types switches);
• Type of main fuel system. It is worth understanding that the LPG buttons for carburetors and injectors are made differently, because the electronic control of these mechanisms differs significantly. It’s also stupid to be surprised by anything here, since the injector nozzles and carburetor valves are completely different mechanisms.

In addition to the main types of classification, HBO buttons are also divided according to their functional equipment. That is, some devices are aimed only at turning off the gasoline supply to the engine and connecting the gas supply, while others also have an external display, which displays information regarding the operation of the equipment received from electronic sensors. Naturally, the buttons of the second generation are noticeably more difficult to install, because the process involves connecting not only fuel distribution control units, but also third-party electronics.

It is worth noting that today you can also find switch buttons that are capable of organizing the supply of gasoline at some engine speeds, and gas at others. However, the use of such devices is not recommended by experienced “car gas specialists”. Experts justify their position by saying that the LPG button is already the fastest-breaking LPG unit, so why load it with unnecessary functions?

Regardless of the type of switch selected, it must perform its main function - at the right time, turn off the supply of gasoline from the carburetor, injector and turn on the gas supply, or perform the reverse operation. All other functions of the button are a nice addition and certainly should not be the main guidelines when choosing a device.

Switch installation

Considering that for different generations and the motor formations of the LPG buttons are also different; it is impossible to give a specific order for their installation. Fortunately for many motorists, the procedure for installing the switches is necessarily included in the instructions attached to them, so when carrying out this operation it is enough to study in detail the technical documentation supplied with the device. IN general view The device installation process is as follows:

1. First of all, specific wires are connected to the carburetor or injector control units and the gas equipment itself;
2. Then, if the HBO button assumes the implementation of outputting sensor indicators, the wires intended for this purpose are connected directly with identifiers. Also, if there is an automatic selection of the fuel used, the switch is connected to the main engine sensors, namely the units that monitor the crankshaft speed and the temperature inside the engine;
3. After carrying out the above operations, all that remains is to mount the button in comfortable spot, as a rule, inside the cabin and begin to actively use it.

We repeat, it is impossible to give more specific information due to the presence of a large number of types of HBO buttons. In any case, it is quite difficult to make a mistake in their installation, since the detailed installation procedure is included in the special instructions. An example of this is the following connection diagram.

It is worth noting that there are several options for installing the HBO button. The differences between them lie either in the placement of the device (located in the cabin, outside the cabin), or in the method of turning off the supply of one or another type of fuel. In addition to contacting the control units of the fuel distribution mechanisms, connecting the LPG button is possible by breaking the fuel lines in specific places (for example, in the fuel pump). In this regard, any motorist can experiment and choose something at his own discretion.

As you can see in the answer to the question of how to connect the HBO button, there are no difficulties. During the installation of this unit, it is enough to take into account all the features that your gas equipment has and fuel system car, and also strictly adhere to the order of installation of the switch from the instructions supplied with it. We assure you that by installing the button in this way, the procedure will be completed successfully for you and will not cause much trouble.

That's probably all for today's issue. We hope that the material presented above was useful to you and provided answers to your questions. Good luck on the roads!

Today we will talk about self-installation 4th generation gas equipment, after all, the use of gas as fuel in cars has long proven its economic efficiency.

In this case, significant intervention in the design of the car is not required, and the gas itself does not negatively affect the service life of the engine.

In addition, after installing the equipment, it is always possible to switch between two types of fuel with just a switch of keys.

Benefits of using HBO

First, let's look at the advantages of installing fourth-generation gas equipment, and there are several of them, but they are important:

• Cost of gas (significantly less than gasoline);
• Consumption (in new generations of gas equipment, gas consumption is slightly higher than gasoline consumption);
• The gas contains no unnecessary impurities (which can be found in gasoline);
• Less deposition of combustion products inside the combustion chambers (affects the life of the power plant);
• When the car is fully refueled (with both gasoline and gas), the range will significantly increase.

With such a significant number of positive qualities, there is also a negative.

Disadvantages of using HBO

The first and noticeable disadvantage of the 4th generation HBO is the cost of the equipment; the higher the generation, the more expensive it is.

But even in this negative there is a positive quality of the equipment - it is universal, so by purchasing it, you can remove and install the equipment on different cars.

The second negative is the cost of installation, if you are sure that it will not be possible to install it yourself, as well as the quality of installation of the equipment.

Since the equipment is not cheap, if the car is used rarely and for short trips, then installing an LPG will not pay off soon.

Features of HBO of different generations

So, it was decided to install HBO on the car. First you need to figure out which generation of equipment is best to use. It all depends on the car itself.

If the car uses carburetor system power supply, then there is no particular choice - only 1st and 2nd generation gas equipment is installed on such cars.

Of course, there are craftsmen who install more modern equipment on such cars, but this is labor-intensive and expensive.

On injection cars you can install 2, 3 and 4 generations of gas equipment. Let's go through them.

HBO 2nd generation.

It is simpler in design, has mechanical control and adjustment.

This makes it possible to use it on many cars with both old and new injection power systems.

But this equipment has such a drawback as the lack of clarity in the dosage of gas supply, which often leads to its overconsumption.

Already has a mechanism for precise dosing of gas supply. But the execution of the serve leaves much to be desired.

Equipment that is used as an alternative to the gasoline power system is significantly delayed in determining the amount of gas required at a certain moment in the operation of the power plant.

This drawback ensured a “short life” for equipment of this generation; it is now rare, and the feasibility of its use is a big question.

The most advanced equipment at the moment for use on modern injection cars.

And although gas equipment of the fifth and sixth generations already exists, at this time gas equipment of the fourth generation is the most popular and widespread.

Connected to the standard power system and using signals from the standard car power system control unit, the equipment performs a very accurate dosage of the amount of gas required at a certain moment for optimal performance power plant.

Nuances of purchasing 4th generation HBO

Let's stop at gas installation 4 generations, and we will consider the sequence of installing it on a modern injection engine.

The basis will be an ordinary modern injection car with 4 cylinders and average power, since the installation of this equipment on a car with a large number of cylinders, or with increased power indicators has its own characteristics.

This choice is due to the massive use of cars with exactly these indicators, regardless of the brand.

We decide on the choice.

First you need to decide on the purchase of this equipment. All pieces of equipment can be purchased as a set, or individually. This has its positive qualities, as well as disadvantages.

Purchasing equipment as a set from a branded manufacturer will ensure high reliability of all elements, since they undergo quality certification.

And the installation of equipment will be easier, since the connecting elements and debugging of the equipment have already been completed. But purchasing the kit will cost much more.

By purchasing pieces of equipment separately, you can save a lot.

Many elements are common to all types of gas equipment, and their cost individually will be lower than in the kit.

But some elements of equipment are used only on installations of this generation. This includes a gas reducer, used only on the 4th generation of gas equipment, a gas train with electromagnetic injectors, an electronic control unit, and the sensors required for the operation of this equipment - gas temperature and pressure.

You need to purchase this equipment with a serious approach; it is better to overpay a little for high-quality equipment than to be disappointed in the future by the unreliability of its operation.

Having all the elements in hand, either as a kit or as an assembly, you can begin installation.

Of course, you can leave all this work to specialists, but you will have to pay. Or you can do everything yourself, which is cheaper and will give you the opportunity to fully understand how the equipment works.

Installation of cylinder, filling device, lines

Let's start with something simple - installing elements common to all gas equipment. Let's start with the balloon. Its installation location depends on the design features of the car.

If the car has a sedan body and there is a trunk of significant volume, then it is more advisable to use a cylindrical cylinder. Its capacity is greater; it is usually attached to the rear wall of the trunk.

If the car is a hatchback, it does not have much luggage compartment, so it is more advisable to install a toroidal cylinder in the place reserved for the spare wheel, if, of course, there is one.

The cylinder must be securely fastened. For this purpose, tapes with fasteners at the ends are used. It is desirable that these tapes have a rubberized surface.

To properly fasten the cylinder, you need to take measurements of where you will need to make holes in the body.

You will also need to mark the places where the high pressure line will exit from the cylinder. After which you will need to make holes in the body in the marked places.

After this, the holes will need to be treated with anti-corrosion treatment.

To further prevent damage to the line from the sharp edge of the hole, you can insert pieces of plastic pipe into it, through which you can then pass the line.

Although the toroidal cylinder fits into the seat of the spare wheel, it also needs to be secured to prevent it from moving.

Fastening is also done with tapes with preliminary preparation highway exit points.

In both cases of installing the cylinder, they should be installed so that the multivalve installed on it is located in the upper part of the cylinder, and there is easy access to the gas shut-off valve.

The device can be installed on the rear fender, in the body of the bumper, or under the bumper.

The main thing is to ensure that the line from the device to the cylinder is laid where it will not interfere and there will be no possibility of damaging it.

Let's move on to the highways.

The line consists of brass tubes that must run under the car and go into the engine compartment.

To prevent damage to the lines, it is better to attach them to gasoline pipelines, because they are installed where there is no possibility of their breakdown.

Features of gearbox installation

After running the lines into the engine compartment, they need to be routed along the left side to the gearbox installation site.

The gearbox must be properly secured to the car so that there are no problems in the future.

It is attached only to the load-bearing part of the car, that is, to the body or subframe. It is prohibited to install it on the engine. It is important that there is good access to it.

The gearbox is then connected to the cooling system of the power plant. To do this, it is inserted into the cooling system pipes through tees.

It is important that its insertion is parallel, that is, the flow of coolant into the gearbox should be made from one pipe, and its outlet through another, and not the same one.

A fitting cuts into it, and it is connected to the gearbox by a pipeline. If there is no fitting, you can wait to insert it for now.

After this, you can connect the high pressure line to the reducer. Only before this, a filter is included in the design to capture mechanical impurities - a “coarse” filter.

Gas train

Leaving the gearbox for now, we move on to intake manifold. It will be necessary to insert gas fittings into it.

Since you will have to drill holes in the manifold, in order to prevent chips from getting into the valve mechanism, it is better to insert the fittings on the removed manifold.

You can, of course, make holes on the manifold mounted on the engine, but then you need to drill carefully to minimize the entry of chips.

The holes for the gas supply fittings should be made as close as possible to the gasoline injectors, but at the same time take into account the position of these injectors so that they do not interfere with the installation of gas supply pipelines in the future.

Below are several options.

At the same time, a hole is drilled for the vacuum supply fitting to the gearbox.

The holes must be smaller in size than the diameter of the fittings. Then you need to cut threads in the holes.

Before screwing in the fittings, their threads must be lubricated with sealant.

After this, the collector is installed in place and further installation of equipment continues.

The ramp is installed at the top of the collector, but so that it does not interfere with pipelines and wiring.

Pipelines are laid from the ramp to the installed gas supply fittings. It is important to ensure that the length of the pipelines running from the ramp to the fittings must be the same, otherwise there will be a malfunction of the system.

Having installed the ramp, you need to lay a gas supply pipeline from the reducer to it. In this case, another filter cuts into the pipeline - fine cleaning gas

Again, we return to the gearbox and connect the vacuum supply pipeline to it. All pipelines must be covered with clamps to prevent gas leakage at the joints.

On this technical part The installation of gas equipment is completed, let's move on to connecting the electronic part.

Installation of the HBO control unit

The operation of the equipment is controlled by an electronic control unit, which comes with the 4th generation gas equipment.

Wiring to the control unit.

First you need to decide on the location of the block. Access to it should be free, but at the same time it is necessary to minimize the length of the wiring so that after connecting it, a heap of tangled wires does not form under the hood.

All wiring coming from the controller is divided into several parts, each of which performs its own functions.

The main thing is to have on hand a diagram with a color definition of which part this or that wire belongs to. Or at least this one.

Before connecting the wiring, you need to disconnect the on-board network from the battery.

First, you need to determine which wires are responsible for powering the unit. There should be three of them - to the positive terminal, to ground, and to the positive terminal of the ignition switch. Having separated them, it is better to immediately connect.

After determining which wires are connected to each specific injector, they are inserted.

The color scheme determines which wire needs to be connected to which one, then the connection is made.

You can use conventional twisting followed by insulation, but such a connection is not reliable; it is still better to solder the wires from the control unit at the connection points and then insulate them.

For the fuel part of the wiring, all that remains is to connect the connectors back to the gasoline injectors, and also connect the connectors of the electromagnetic gas injectors.

The fuel part of the wiring is finished, let's move on to the next one.

Signal wiring.

Let's move on to connecting the next part of the wiring - the signal one.

This wiring is designed to transmit signals from sensors that come with the equipment - gas temperature and pressure.

The accompanying instructions indicate in which places the sensors should be placed. After installing the sensors, wiring from the control unit is connected to them.

Wiring for the operating mode switching unit.

The last part is the control of the operation of the control unit, that is, the unit for switching the operation of gas equipment.

The control unit is installed in the cabin, in a place accessible for viewing and control.

After which it is wired and connected.

It is advisable to collect all wires into bundles and secure them to prevent the possibility of accidental damage.

The control unit has one more output for connecting a computer, which regulates the operation of the equipment.

This outlet must be freely accessible to facilitate adjustment and diagnostic work.

At this point, the work on installing 4th generation gas equipment on the car is completed.

But what remains is checking the tightness of the system, and then checking and adjusting the operation of the equipment.

Checking the tightness of the system

So, the equipment is installed, you need to check the tightness of the system.

To do this, you need to go to a gas station and “blow out” the full tank. But at the same time, the gas supply valve to the system must be closed.

Then he goes to the viewing hole.

All connections and pipelines of gas equipment up to the gas train must be moistened with a soap solution before opening the supply. If gas passes through, this solution will bubble at the leak site.

The leak test can be done in parts. First, moisten the pipes coming from the cylinder with the solution.

Not only the connections are checked, but also the pipelines themselves, since a leak can occur due to a defect in the pipeline itself or in the event of a breakdown during installation.

After checking the lines going into the engine compartment, you need to check the tightness of the connections of the equipment installed there.

The gas supply to the reducer and the outlet from it to the gas train are checked. There is no need to check further until the equipment is connected to operation.

Connections downstream of the gas train can be checked later.

If the tightness test shows that there is no gas passage, you can proceed to the next step. If a leak is detected, for example, at the junction of pipelines with equipment, then the gas supply is shut off and additional crimping or repacking of the connection is performed. After which a re-check is carried out.

If a leak is found in the pipeline itself, it must be replaced from connection to connection.

Attempting to seal a leak with improvised means practically does not lead to positive results.

After replacing the damaged pipeline, a leak test is carried out again. It is important to ensure that there are no gas leaks anywhere.

Diagnostics and adjustment

After installing the equipment and checking it for leaks, you can begin diagnostic and adjustment work.

You can entrust this work to specialists, or you can do it yourself, but this will require optional equipment in the form of an adapter cord for connecting a laptop, as well as software for performing testing and adjustment work.

Both the cord and the diagnostic program can be purchased. Typically, equipment manufacturers sell them.

After installing the software on the laptop, it is connected to the control unit.

In order for their connection to occur, the control unit must be powered, that is, the ignition switch must be turned on, but the engine must not be started.

If the connection does not occur, the laptop may have an outdated version of software installed, but you also need to check the tightness of the contacts.

If the connection is successful and the program is launched, all the basic information on the engine will be displayed on the laptop monitor - the number of cylinders, types of installed injectors, their polarity, engine speed, current temperature, pressure in the system.

In this case, the system control unit installed in the cabin should light up with warning lights.

One is green, indicating the use of gasoline as fuel, and will glow constantly, the second, red, will flash, signaling the possibility of connecting gas equipment to operation.

In the future, when correct setting operation of the equipment, signals to this unit will be received in accordance with certain operating modes.

Auto-configuration of equipment

In this case, you need to press the button for forced operation on gasoline. After this, the red warning light will go out.

To configure the operation of gas equipment, the power plant must be warmed up on gasoline.

After starting the engine, the correct compatibility of the program with the control unit can be checked again by comparing the indicators on-board computer with indicators on the laptop screen, since information about engine operation is displayed there.

After the engine reaches the optimal operating temperature, you can begin auto-calibrating the operation of gas equipment.

This is done by clicking on the window that says “auto-tuning” on the laptop screen.

The essence of this setting comes down to the following. After turning on auto-calibration, the electronic control unit checks the main parameters of the engine - operating temperature, pressure, etc., and, if they correspond to the required parameters for calibration, begins to connect one of the gas injectors to operation.

To do this, he turns off the working injector and connects the gas one; he usually starts doing this from the first cylinder; the connection of the gas injector can be monitored on the laptop monitor.

But when connected, the control unit supplies minimal fuel, which leads to engine vibration, since the control unit has not yet adjusted to the operation of the standard control unit.

Next, the control unit begins to receive information from the standard unit and process it, that is, adapt to its operation; as a result, it adjusts the amount of gas, which is equivalent in energy output to the amount of gasoline. With the correct amount selected, the vibration of the power plant will subside.

Moreover, the control unit for calibration uses the non-sequence of the arrangement of the cylinders, but the order of their operation. If, for example, the operating order is 1-3-2-4, then he will calibrate the injector of the third cylinder next.

Since the sequence of actions of the control unit is identical to the first cylinder, when the gas injector of the third cylinder is connected to operation, the vibration of the power plant will appear again, but it will be weaker.

The fact is that after connecting the second gas injector to operation, correct installation, the activation of the remaining injectors will not manifest itself in the form of vibration power unit, since the supply of gas to two injectors and one gasoline during calibration is sufficient for the engine to operate without vibration.

If vibration persists even after calibrating the second injector, this is a signal that the correct gas supply to one of the electromagnetic injectors has been disrupted.

Problems with operation can be caused either by the difference in the length of the pipes from the ramp to the fittings or by a leaky fitting of the fitting.

The program installed on the laptop will indicate on which cylinder the malfunction occurred. If this malfunction occurs, it must be corrected. Next, auto-calibration is performed again.

The nuances of setting up HBO

If everything is in order, the program will report that auto-calibration was completed successfully.

This will mean that the gas equipment control unit has made an initial installation and has adjusted to the performance indicators of the standard control unit. But it is not yet ready for full functioning.

It is necessary to move the train over a distance of up to 30 km, and it is advisable that it be done with a large number of changes in movement modes - sharp acceleration, movement “pull” for the engine, quiet movement and acceleration.

All this is needed so that the control unit of the gas equipment, based on the signals received from the standard unit to the gasoline injectors, adapts to its operation to the maximum and is able to ensure correct adjustment of the gas supply in different modes - creates a so-called fuel map. See what she looks like below.

After this, you can switch on the automatic operating mode of the gas installation.

Additionally, using a laptop, you can set certain operating parameters of the gas installation.

For example, you can set at what minimum and maximum speed There is a transition from gasoline to gas and vice versa.

It is important to adjust the transition to gasoline at high speeds. The fact is that the burning rate of gas is somewhat lower than that of gasoline, so at high speeds the use of gas is fraught with the possibility of burning the exhaust valves.

If gas equipment malfunctions or there is no gas, it switches to using gasoline, and a warning light lights up on the control unit in the cabin.

As a result, it turns out that the power plant starts on a gasoline mixture, but after achieving optimal parameters for turning on gas equipment, it switches to operating on gas. Moreover, the transition is made so carefully that it is unnoticeable when moving.

The use of these two systems in the 4th generation of gas equipment is justified, since failure to use gasoline injectors, as well as the lack of gasoline in the tank, will lead to failure of the gasoline pump and injectors.

As a result, the standard power system control unit will go into emergency mode, and the gas control unit will not function without signals from the standard one.

All additional settings indicating the optimal operating parameters of the power plant when using gas can be seen in the form of a graph on a laptop, which is called a “fuel map”.

Another type of such card.

Having on hand a cord for connecting to the gas equipment control unit, as well as software, you can always diagnose the operation of gas equipment, as well as configure it to certain parameters.