Is it possible to fill the foundation in parts: step by step instructions, features and recommendations. Is it possible to fill the foundation in parts How to top up

Engine oil is the working fluid in the internal combustion engine lubrication system. Depending on the car brand, the amount of oil may vary. But knowing when to add oil, whether car oils can be mixed, and what happens when the mixture is overflowed or insufficient, will help to extend the life of the engine.

How often to add oil to the engine

There can be many reasons why you need to add engine oil. These are both natural causes and more unpleasant ones: engine breakdowns, wrong choice of lubricant, change in oil qualities, etc. To understand when it is necessary to fill the engine with fluid, you need to check its level.

If the engine is in good working order, it is not required to top up the mixture. This means that the lubricant level remains stable from change to change. But in the event of a malfunction of the power unit, the situation changes radically. In addition, the level of the mixture can be constant at minimum or medium loads, but when operating at high engine speeds, the lubricant can be consumed quite quickly. By the way, ICE manufacturers usually warn about this.

The instructions should indicate what consumption of lubricant is permissible. It is worth noting that this figure will be different for each individual engine. Based on the foregoing, we can draw conclusions when and how much fluid needs to be added.

How to add oil to the engine in winter, summer, in a cold or hot internal combustion engine

The oil must be poured into a cold engine. It is in this way that it is faster and easier to determine the lubricant level. This means - to avoid overflow or underfilling of liquid.

It often happens that the mixture needs to be topped up in winter, especially in severe frosts. In this case, the motor should first be warmed up, then allowed to cool. In this case, the mixture will again become fluid enough to drain and "settle" a little. When the engine cools down, the fluid will be quite thinned, which will allow you to accurately determine the level of the mixture in the engine. And when topping up, the mixture that remains is easily mixed into a homogeneous composition.

But, as happens in practice, sometimes you have to add the mixture to the hot engine while driving. This can be when the emergency fluid pressure light starts to burn. Here it is necessary to pay attention not only to the accuracy of the liquid level, but also to the temperature of the liquid.

If it is necessary to top up the mixture in the summer, then the main problem may be underfilling or overflowing by level. But if you have to fill in liquid in winter, then the situation is completely different.

It is important to remember that while in the trunk of a car, the canister with the mixture does not heat up. That is, if you pour such a liquid into a hot engine, then it is fraught with breakdown of the latter or other parts of the car. In addition, it is very important to pay attention to the amount of oil poured into the engine. If from 50 ... 100 gr. Serious troubles can be avoided with the liquid being poured, then when pouring, for example, 1 liter, the events will be unpredictable.

If there is no suitable oil at hand for topping up

Quite often, car owners are faced with the need to add liquid of a different viscosity or from another manufacturer, or they only have diesel oil at hand, and there is no other way out how to use it. In emergency situations, this option is possible. And, nevertheless, it is important to know in what cases it is possible to fill in lubricant from another manufacturer, how much oil to fill in the engine and other nuances.

Note that each mixture differs from each other in the set of active chemical additives. Therefore, it is not recommended to mix different brands, even from the same manufacturer. This can lead to the fact that the additives react with each other and a precipitate appears, due to which the liquid loses its properties.

Do not mix mineral with synthetic fluids and hydrocracking mixtures. But at the same time, mixing of a mineral mixture with a semi-synthetic one is allowed, or vice versa. It is also allowed to add a liquid with a synthetic base to semi-synthetics and vice versa. But hydrocracking mixtures are better not to interfere with anything. But if there is an urgent need, then you can use the mineral mixture. Well, if there is absolutely no choice at all, then any mixture is better than its absence. But this is absolutely an extreme measure.

It is worth clarifying that the most acceptable way is to mix liquids from one manufacturer, which have the same basis. Thus, you can reduce possible troubles to a minimum.

When mixing mixtures intended for gasoline and diesel engines, it is permissible in case of emergency. Since in terms of a set of characteristics, a diesel mixture is similar to a gasoline mixture.

In any case, if there is a need to add fluid, then, in addition to the recommendations given, you should also not load the engine while driving. And of course, change the oil together with the oil filter as soon as possible.

How much oil is required for replacement

Before pouring oil into the car, you need to know how much oil is needed. You can find this information:

• in the operation manual;
• from a specialist in the maintenance of a specific car brand;
• through a request to an official brand representative, etc.

In addition, information on tolerances and requirements for mixtures will not be superfluous. Plus, it is worth considering some of the nuances when replacing the fluid:

• the machine must be on a level surface;
• before draining the fluid, the engine must be warmed up;
• completely remove the mixture by draining after opening the plug in the pan or by pouring the filler neck through the oil;
• before replacing the oil filter, wet the filter element with a little oil.

One more point: the volume that is indicated in the manual is complete. That is, such an amount is poured into only the assembled engine. But, if the engine has already been used, then the amount of lubricant will be less. Taking into account the above nuances, about 0.5 liters of the mixture may remain in the engine. Accordingly, it is impossible to top up the full volume specified in the instructions.

After changing the fluid, it is worth monitoring its level with a dipstick. Or with the help of electronic sensors that some car brands are equipped with. The probes have minimum and maximum marks. And the optimal level of the mixture is between these indicators. If the engine is worn out or has an increased consumption, then some owners deliberately exceed the level by 1 ... 1.5 cm, but at the same time they do not bring it to the maximum mark.

The consequences of excess and lack

Within what limits the liquid level should be, has been described above. But what consequences can be in case of an overabundance or lack of a mixture, we will analyze further.

Overflow

Some car enthusiasts believe that if the excess mixture does not harm the transport. But this is a delusion. The engine mixture has a certain viscosity and in case of overflow, the resistance to any movements will become even greater. The consequence of this is increased fuel consumption. This is the most harmless thing that can be.

There are other consequences:

• contamination of all spaces under the hood and replacement of oil seals;
• difficult starting of the motor during frost;
• oil starvation of engine elements caused by foaming of the composition;
• the formation of a large amount of carbon deposits, the appearance of coke inside the CPG (cylinder-piston group), the "occurrence" of the rings.

Underfilling

But not only overflowing liquid can harm the engine, but also its disadvantage. In this case, the mixture either does not come in at all, or it does, but in a very small amount.

Another nuisance is the formation of air locks inside the liquid, which will move through the channels.

How to determine how much oil is in the engine

Much depends on how much oil is in the engine. Above, it is described in what limits this level should be. But here's how to check it, let's take a closer look.

Step-by-step instruction:

• put the car on a level place;
• let the machine stand for a few hours. This is necessary in order for the mixture to completely flow into the pan. Of course, if an approximate result is enough, then you can let the vehicle stand for literally 5-15 minutes;
• find the oil filler neck. It is located at the top of the cylinder head (cylinder head). It is usually easy to recognize by its icon in the form of an oiler with a drop;
• unscrew the lid and wipe it with a clean rag or paper towel and set it aside;
• now, using a clean oil dipstick, which must be inserted into the hole until it stops, you can check the lubricant level. As stated earlier, the grease height should be between the “min” and “max” marks. If the level is at the minimum mark, respectively, the mixture must be topped up.

Can I add other brand oil to the engine?

It is highly discouraged to mix mixtures from different manufacturers. This is because the compositions of seemingly identical liquids may differ. Components in one mixture can react with components in another. And this leads to unpleasant consequences, and the most harmless thing that can be is the loss of the properties of the oil.
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The behavior of the car depends on the operation of the engine. In order for the motor to work for a long time and not break down, it is necessary to constantly monitor its condition. Checking the engine oil level is considered one of the important operations.

Before adding engine fluid, you need to determine how much is in the system. To do this, turn off the engine and park the car on a level surface. The check is carried out "for cold", with the cooled down motor system.

Each motor is equipped with a special dipstick, on which there are several marks indicating the minimum and maximum amount of oil composition.

The dipstick is removed from the crankcase and wiped thoroughly. Then it is again lowered inside the neck and the existing level is determined by the risks.

Top-up rules

First, you need to find out what grade of oil was added to the engine. When selling a car, the former owner usually tells what type of car oil he used. It remains only to purchase an analogue with the required viscosity coefficient.

Topping up is carried out only when the oil level "on the dipstick" does not reach the "minimum" mark. When checking this, remember that if the engine is hot, the oil has not completely drained into the crankcase. When the engine cools down, the lubricant level will be higher. Therefore, to obtain accurate data, you must wait until the unit has cooled down. Enough 15-20 minutes.

In winter, to check the level, experts advise slightly warming up the internal combustion engine. The fact is that in the cold, the oil begins to freeze, and after heating, the volume will increase slightly.

How to top up

Open the hood, remove the filler cap. It is usually labeled "Oill Fill". Use a dipstick to check the amount of grease present. The mark should show “maximum”. If the volume is below the indicated mark, it is necessary to top up.

For normal operation of the engine, it is enough that the oil level is in the middle between the minimum and maximum - you need to strive to achieve this value.

In order for the operation to be performed accurately, it is necessary to insert a funnel into the oil filler hole. It will prevent liquid from splashing and getting onto the surface of the motor. If this happens, be sure to wipe it off with a rag. Otherwise, when the internal combustion engine heats up, the lubricant will begin to evaporate, and an unpleasant odor will appear in the cabin.

When adding oil, do not fill the entire volume at once. This is done in small portions, about 250 ml each. After the liquid has completely drained into the pan, you need to check the level. The operation is repeated several times until the level reaches the middle between the "min" and "max" values.

After the end of the operation, the probe is tightly installed in its place. Wipe the oil filler cap thoroughly. There should be no dust or dirt left on it. Install it firmly in its original place.

Make sure you have not left any foreign objects before closing the hood. The remaining drops of oil must be wiped off thoroughly.

It's time to start the car and listen to how the engine works. The oil level light should not come on. If it starts to burn, you need to urgently contact a specialist to troubleshoot.

Topping up the oil is only necessary if necessary. Overflow of lubricant leads to the appearance of excessive pressure inside the power unit. As a result, it will fail and will require major repairs.

A large number of brands of motor oils are presented on the modern market. The question of how interchangeable they are and whether it is possible to use another instead of one or another product has certainly come up before any car owner at least once.

Let's try to figure out whether it is possible to pour engine oil into the gearbox, and what are the consequences for the car in this case?

Types of oils

First, let's decide what types of oils can be found on sale.

All automotive oils can be roughly divided into two broad categories - motor and transmission.

Transmission fluids are divided into fluids for manual gearboxes (manual transmissions) and for automatic gearboxes (automatic transmissions).

Based on the origin of the base components, engine and transmission oils can be mineral, synthetic or semi-synthetic.

Differences between gear and engine oils

What is the difference between engine and transmission oils?

Materials of each of the two types are developed taking into account the conditions in which they will be used.

Car engine oils and transmission oil (engine oil and fluid for manual transmissions or automatic transmissions) operate in completely different conditions.

Motor lubricants are exposed to very high temperatures, experience both normal and extreme loads, interact with fuel combustion products and gases.

Gear lubricants do not experience such severe temperature changes and do not interact with aggressive media. However, they have to take on much more serious loads. Taking into account the specifics of the tasks being solved, motor and transmission fluids contain completely different additive packages.

Transmission fluids have a higher viscosity than engine oils. The increased viscosity allows the lubricating film formed by oil on rubbing surfaces to withstand higher loads and provide reliable protection to parts.

How to distinguish gear lubricant from motor lubricant?

The most important features that make it possible to visually distinguish between these two types of oils are the markings on the label and their organoleptic indicators.

• Having a container with a label, it is not difficult to distinguish one product from another. Packaging labels uniquely identify the contents and indicate the type and viscosity of the oil
• You can also determine the type of oil as follows: squeeze the index and thumb and lower their tips into the identifiable composition. After removing from the liquid, slowly open our fingers and watch the behavior of the liquid. Motor oils are more viscous, so the break of a drop of liquid between the fingers does not occur immediately, but when the distance between the fingers reaches several millimeters
• These lubricants also differ in smell. If they were in a tightly sealed sealed package, then, according to the automakers, the aroma of the gear oil will differ in the presence of garlic or sulfur tints.
• However, the safest and easiest way to distinguish gear oil from engine oil is to simply drip the fluid into water. If it instantly spreads over the surface and creates a rainbow-colored film on the surface of the water, this is a transmission. If the drop does not dissolve and has acquired a spherical or lenticular shape, then you have engine oil in your hands.

Can engine oil be poured into the checkpoint?

We discussed earlier that gear oils and engine oils work under very different conditions. Accordingly, the properties of liquids of these two groups are very different. Engine oil, while operating under more severe conditions, is not designed to withstand the loads and temperatures that transmission fluids have to deal with.

Differences in the chemical composition and additive packages do not allow predicting how the engine oil will behave when added to the gearbox or how the additive package will work under conditions for which it was not designed.

For cars of classic layouts, for example, even if gear oil of a different type is poured instead of the recommended one, after a few thousand kilometers, the unit may need to be repaired.

Thus, we answer the question - is it possible to pour engine oil into the box? In the general case, this is absolutely impossible to do!

However, there are some exceptions to this rule.

• For some models of front-wheel drive vehicles, manufacturers allow the possibility of short-term use of engine oils in gearboxes, warning that the service life in this case is reduced by up to 30%.


• There is a group of universal products that are used as engine fluids, transmission fluids and hydraulic fluids. However, these materials are used only in special equipment and are not applicable to conventional vehicles.


• Some automakers, including Honda, Peugeot and Chrysler, for some of their models allow engine oils to be poured into the box.


• A historically famous example - in the USSR, in the first Zhiguli models, engine oil was poured into the gearbox at the plant. The design features of cars of those times made it possible to do this without much damage to the car. However, rather, this decision was caused by the lack of special transmission fluids.

What happens if you add engine oil instead of transmission oil?

If you pour engine oil into the gearbox, then at first nothing terrible will most likely happen. However, due to the fact that its characteristics differ significantly from those required by the operating conditions of the mechanism, in most cases, increased wear of its parts will occur.

Thus, if you fill a manual transmission or automatic transmission with engine oil, there is a great risk of failure of the box after a very short time.

If the car manufacturer directly indicates that engine oil can be filled into the gearbox, then its recommendations can be followed.

Long gone are the days when a car owner could use transmission oil to fill a power unit. Previously, this was due to ignorance of all the subtleties and nuances of both fluids. Nowadays, few people are ready to brag to their friends about the fact that the engine of a car is filled not with engine oil, but with a fluid intended for a gearbox. So is it possible to pour gear oil into the engine or will it lead to dire consequences?

But are there any advantages of pouring transmission oil into the engine?

There is! But this option is only suitable for someone who is engaged in the resale of vehicles and uses non-engine oil as a way of making money. The fact is that the operation of a car engine with a mileage of more than four hundred thousand can be made smoother due to the use of gearbox oil in the engine.

Due to the increase in the viscosity parameter of the fluid, the power unit will not only work more clearly, but for some time it will even stop humming. True, the duration of such a transformation of the motor will be insignificant. But this is just enough to sell the car. That's just new owner a vehicle, unsuspecting of fraud, will be able to drive only a few thousand kilometers. Then he will need a major overhaul and replacement of all components. It is unpleasant to buy a car and, in addition, spend a lot on engine repairs.

What are the differences between oils?

Both fluids have a number of significant differences, we said earlier.But in general, the following points can be distinguished:

1. Special oil for motors is intended for operation in extreme conditions. That is, there are high speeds and temperature drops here. All this together leads to an increased fluidity of the liquid;
2. Gearcase lubricant is designed to perform well under stable, low temperature conditions. In addition, its operation implies high mechanical loads, which are caused by the torque elements of the gearbox structure.

What will happen to the motor if the oil is incorrectly filled?

Precisely, this does not bode well for the engine. If the car owner, even by accidental coincidence, has added fluid for the gearbox to the vehicle's engine, he will have to be prepared for this turn of events:

• When operating in high temperature conditions, the transmission oil will begin to burn, thereby contaminating the oil channels, pipes, and filter with debris. In some cases, precipitation is not excluded.
• If transmission oil gets into a car engine, the fluid will not be able to provide reliable protection to the cylinder block, shafts and other structural elements. Accordingly, teases will begin very soon.
• The parameter of the density and viscosity of the oil for the gearbox is so high that after a while the oil seals will be squeezed out or leaked.
• When seizures appear, the transmission oil will necessarily end up in the combustion chamber or in the catalyst. The latter can melt. In such a situation, it will have to be changed.
• The possibility of oil getting into the intake manifold is not excluded. This will clog the throttle valve. The car owner will be forced to clean it if the car does not stop driving earlier.
• There are also problems with spark plugs. They will become dirty and the power unit will run unevenly, to put it mildly.

It is worth remembering that engine oil and gear oil are completely different fluids. And not only in terms of composition, but also in terms of characteristics. Using them for other purposes can lead to a large number of problems for the motorist.

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Private developers do not always have the financial and organizational ability to fill the foundation in one go. This is due to the impossibility of uninterrupted delivery of concrete mortar to the construction site, the lack of spacious concrete mixers, efficient pumps for preparing and supplying mortar to any formwork zone. In addition, there are not always convenient transport routes for the entry of heavy special equipment.

As a rule, most of the owners of private plots, who are independently engaged in the construction of the underground part of the building, have a small concrete mixer. She prepares the concrete mix in batches and can partially meet the needs for concrete. The required volumes of concrete for the formation of a strip foundation, even for a small building, are tens of cubic meters. It depends on the length of the perimeter of the building contour, the depth of the trench. In one daylight hours, manually performing work on a small electric concrete mixer, it is problematic to obtain the required volume of solution.

When building a house, in any case, the question arises: can the foundations be poured in parts and will such pouring affect the quality of the base?

Naturally, most developers have a question: is it possible to fill in several stages? Will this not affect the strength characteristics and operational properties of the foundation? Indeed, a certain time passes between the stages of preparation and pouring of the mixture. Let's take a closer look at the hardening stages.

Concrete: hardening stages

According to the technology, the foundation is poured with concrete after the installation of formwork panels and a power reinforcement cage. The solution is mixed according to the recipe.

Special plasticizers, additives affect the characteristics of the mixture, increase the resistance of concrete to negative temperatures, and also improve the fluidity of the composition. The concrete solution vibrates less when feeding the next portions, which reduces their negative effect on the previously poured layers.

After the start of filling the formwork with a liquid mixture, the solution irreversibly begins to change its structure under the influence of the ongoing processes. Regardless of whether the solution is poured in one step or in several stages, the changes are irreversible and the processes occurring consist of two main stages:

• Grasping the composition.
• Concrete hardening.

Today, there is a technology for pouring the foundation with parts, which does not reduce its quality.

Different brands of concrete solutions differ in their characteristics. However, the correct determination of the time intervals during hardening and setting for any kind of mixtures affects the quality of the foundation. Each phase is characterized by its own characteristics, time parameters, which we will consider below.

Setting features

The first phase is grasping. This process, during which the flowable concrete composition gradually turns into a solid phase, begins immediately after pouring into the formwork or trench. The mortar thickens when the cement interacts with water and fillers.

At the initial stage, weak bonds act between the components of the mixture, which can easily be broken under the influence of forces, after which it is impossible to re-set the composition. The setting period requires special care with concrete, which should not be touched, as this may damage the structure.

In the "liquid" stage of the setting process, top-up can be carried out, since the internal structure of the mixture remains constant. The setting time is determined by the ambient temperature. The duration of the "liquid" phase decreases with increasing outdoor temperature.

The minimum duration of the first phase is 3 hours at an ambient temperature of at least 15 degrees Celsius. Setting occurs worst of all at negative temperatures. In this case, the time interval until the end of the first stage is 24 hours.

Before proceeding directly to the pouring, draw up for yourself a small volumetric diagram of the foundation

• Reducing the strength properties of the formed base.
• Shift of embedded elements, reinforcement bars from the coordinates provided for by the project.
• Uneven setting of the mixture associated with inhomogeneous mixing of the composition.

If filling the foundation in parts takes no more than a shift, then new, not very thick layers of the mixture can be poured into this interval. This will not affect the quality of the base, which, after hardening, will turn into a solid mass. After a day, top-up is strictly not allowed, since simultaneous setting will not occur, and the separation of the array will cause cracks.

Preserving a liquid structure at the beginning of the stage, setting gradually passes into the second stage - solidification.

Specificity of hardening