Do-it-yourself snow and swamp vehicles on caterpillars. Homemade all-terrain vehicles on tracks: schemes for their construction

» today we will consider a detailed step by step instructions for the assembly of a home-made caterpillar all-terrain vehicle "Ulan-3" This all-terrain vehicle was assembled by craftsman Alexander Ulanov from Sverdlovsk region the village of Novaya Lyalya. The caterpillar all-terrain vehicle assembled entirely from components and assemblies domestic production borrowed from cars and motorcycles, the only engine was bought a new "Lifan" 22 l / s. assembled from a conveyor belt, and metal corners were used as tracks, the caterpillar is connected to each other through a metal loop. Wheels from VAZ are installed as road wheels. Gearbox from a motorcycle « « Cardan shaft from a potato digger with a gear ratio of 1.25. Planetary brake with gear ratio 4 to disc brake. The weight of the machine is about 650 kg.

Main bridge.

Reducer and planetary gear.

Installing the engine on the frame of the all-terrain vehicle.

A flexible coupling will be installed between the gearbox and the rear axle.

The friction clutch is assembled from the clutch discs of the Ural motorcycle. The torque is transmitted by a chain drive.

All-terrain vehicle body.

Device for bending the fangs of the drive sprocket.

Conveyer belt.

A caterpillar is being assembled, the master uses a corner as tracks.

Here is such a wonderful caterpillar all-terrain vehicle turned out, you can go fishing, hunting, in the forest-taiga for mushrooms and berries. Due to the sealed hull-boat, it can float on water. Also, be sure to look at how the friction clutch made of the clutch discs of the Ural motorcycle is arranged. Enjoy watching.

Our homegrown Kulibins no longer surprise anyone. Converting a walk-behind tractor into a tractor - please stuff an ordinary motorcycle and make it a cool bike - no problem. But craftsmen are not limited to this and invent all new technical innovations. Here, for example, is a self-made all-terrain vehicle from the Oka, on the one hand, it sounds strange how this can be done at all, but on the other hand, it's great that there are people who can do this.

You can watch videos of homemade all-terrain vehicles on the YouToube website or on technical alteration sites. Perhaps, by reviewing videos and photos of homemade all-terrain vehicles, you will have an idea how to design your own homemade caterpillar all-terrain vehicle.

Why do you need an all-terrain vehicle

Usually home-made all-terrain vehicles do not differ in size, often these are one or two local units that are used for their own needs in the subsidiary plot. The caterpillar all-terrain vehicle is an indispensable vehicle for off-road, swampy terrain or in places where conventional vehicles are rented out.

A caterpillar all-terrain vehicle will help transport a group of people, a heavy load, or deliver building materials to a hard-to-reach object.

In addition, they are very often made floating, which gives them an advantage over conventional transport in places where floods or large spring floods often occur. On the Internet, you can find videos of homemade all-terrain vehicles on tracks that easily cross water spaces, turning into a floating vehicle.

And if the all-terrain vehicle needs to be transported over a long distance, it can be very conveniently transported on a platform or a special body.

DIY all-terrain vehicle: advantages

Of course, you can buy a home-made all-terrain vehicle, there are even special services that sell home-made all-terrain vehicles, but a do-it-yourself one will be more expensive and dearer, and besides, you will know exactly what parts you used for a home-made all-terrain vehicle, so that in case breakage quickly everything could be replaced.

In addition, by assembling your own all-terrain vehicle, you will not put parts that will need to be replaced after a month of operation.

And besides, you can make the assembled one according to your requests, for example, install an additional fan or a swivel seat.

Homemade all-terrain vehicle on tracks - where to start?

Drawings of a homemade caterpillar all-terrain vehicle can be downloaded from the Internet, there is a huge selection of options. And if you have a technical education and the necessary skills, you can create your own unique drawing or change some details from an existing drawing. For example, you can put a more powerful engine or expand the dimensions of the equipment. It’s a good idea to have an additional notebook in which you can write down all the necessary dimensions of the parts, because you can’t remember everything.

1 - tension roller, 2 - fuel tank, 3 - windshield, 4 - instrument panel, 5 - gas pedal, 6 - brake lever, 7 - shift knob, 8 - kick starter lever, 9 - seat, 10 - upper carrier roller, 11 - belt brake cover, 12 - axle shaft bracket, 13 - drive sprocket, 14 - carburetor, 15 - gasoline pump, 16 - fan casing, 17 - axle shaft, 18 - differential, 19 - M-62 engine, 20 - driven shaft, 21 - axle shaft, 22 - intermediate shaft, 23 - brake rod, 24 - leading

Before you start assembling any all-terrain vehicle, you must have an idea of ​​exactly how it should be. And then move on to the design details: select the necessary spare parts: engine, gearbox, chassis and brake system, transmission, cabin elements, etc.

Tracked all-terrain vehicle:

With a breakable frame, this is a technique that can be constructed from parts that are lying around in the garage. Therefore, after looking at the drawings, you may be surprised to notice that you already have an almost finished all-terrain vehicle, you just need to absorb it all correctly.

The most difficult task is to assemble the wheel chain. The caterpillar can be assembled from lugs. Grouser bands can be welded to sections of bent channels, to which the tracks are actually attached with bolts. By the way, the shape of the lugs should completely repeat the profile of the tire. Wire rods must be beveled and all welds cleaned.

Of course, such a system has its drawbacks. The oval lugs will slip in hard snow and slide on ice. But as an advantage of this system, one can note the ease of control compared to straight lugs, especially when cornering.

But if you adequately coped with the task and created your own homemade caterpillar all-terrain vehicle - post a video and recommendations for creating, perhaps your advice, someone will be useful.

In many villages, and even more so in remote areas, special equipment is required to get to the right sites. The situation is worst in rainy or frosty seasons. To increase their own mobility, many residents of such settlements prefer to create a caterpillar all-terrain vehicle with their own hands. This is due to the remoteness from large cities and the high cost of factory models.

Such a caterpillar mini-all-terrain vehicle is a single-seat vehicle, whose carrying capacity is about 200 kg. The width parameters of future equipment are calculated depending on the required stability parameters during movement. The power plant is used from old domestic cars and should give out 50 or more liters. from. Such parameters are enough for movement at a speed of 20-30 km / h. But off-road, when there is movement in swampy areas, the average speed is 10-15 km / h.

The all-terrain vehicle has excellent maneuverability in wetlands

Necessary spare parts and materials for the manufacture of the machine

Usually homemade all-terrain vehicles on tracks consist of elements that you can buy or make yourself. So, when the unit is created from a walk-behind tractor, then the following elements are included in its design:

1. Frame in the form of the main power element to which all nodes are attached.
2. Rear axle designed for mounting the rear wheels.
3. Track belt, as well as a track tensioner.
4. Control system.
5. Fuel tank.
6. The driver's seat, which is recommended to be protected from possible dirt ingress on it while driving.
7. A lighting system that allows you to move safely even at night.

It is recommended to equip such vehicles with a reduction gear, as well as a forced cooling system for the power plant. One air flow in the process of movement at low speeds is not enough to maintain the proper thermal conditions. The frame is installed between the front and rear axles, using pipes with a square section as a base.

This will give the structure rigidity. At the same time, it is recommended to make the docking of the frame elements rigid in order to get a one-volume home-made tracked all-terrain vehicle.

One of the most crucial moments is the creation of a sketch of the future unit. In such drawings, it is required to clearly indicate the location of all mechanisms and assemblies as accurately as possible. The choice of parts (homemade or factory) is determined depending on their performance and the load to which they will be subjected. As a power plant, an installation removed from an old car (often domestic) is used. If the unit is made small, then the power of the motorcycle engine is enough.

ATV blueprint

As for the undercarriage, it has the form of rubber tracks, a special tension system, suspension and forks. In order to create the tracks themselves, old car tires are often used. A metal frame is used as the basis for the chassis. But to create a control system, you need to use ready-made elements borrowed from cars or motorcycles. Homemade swamps are equipped with a power system, where the entire supply of fuel is stored in a special tank. Often it is gasoline or diesel, gas power plants are rarely used.

The process of creating home-made all-terrain vehicles with a caterpillar chassis design begins with the installation of the body. This item must be high strength and waterproof. The base is created rigid, for which steel pipes are used, which are able to withstand loads several times higher than those that arise during the movement. After that, the installation of the tracks themselves is carried out. For this purpose, ordinary sheet rubber is used, from which ring rubber is created. Further, special aluminum blades are attached to it from the outside. Limiters are mounted on the reverse side, having a step width no greater than the width of the wheels.

After that, the removal of bridges is carried out due to special holes in the body. For protection, rubber sleeves should be used. The tape itself is attached so that the driving front and rear wheels are between the stops. Further, additional wheels are installed and fixed between the main ones. They are necessary to maintain the tape.

Upon completion of all work, heavy-duty glass must be installed in the cab to prevent dirt from getting inside.

As individual elements, as well as parts of the structure, are created, it is recommended to check them for strength and performance. It is recommended to provide at least a 5-fold safety margin in order to increase the reliability of the future unit. As soon as the bench tests are completed, you can start testing the all-terrain vehicle in the field. This will allow you to evaluate the behavior of the transport.

Photos of the coolest homemade all-terrain vehicles

One of the popular models of light all-terrain vehicles is Karakat:

All-terrain vehicle Karakat

Also, caterpillar-type all-terrain vehicles were created in other states and had the following form:


Another domestic homemade product is a frame structure equipped with a gearbox, as well as disc brakes:

All-terrain vehicles excel in difficult road conditions

One of the problems of our country is very bad roads. And so some enthusiasts are trying to solve this problem on their own.

It's just that a huge number of roads connecting various villages and villages are so bad in their condition that it is sometimes problematic to drive along them in an ordinary car.

And when the autumn-winter period comes, moving along them is almost impossible. Of course, you can get out of the situation and order an all-terrain vehicle from abroad, but this is very expensive and therefore you have to make do with what is available.

Homemade caterpillar all-terrain vehicle

This off-road all-terrain vehicle is not an obstacle for it, as well as any water obstacles. The body is made in the form of a box-shaped structure. Caterpillars are the mover.

The hood is shaped to move through algae, driftwood and moss. Exhaust gases are directed upwards. Homemade crawler all-terrain vehicle is equipped with a winch located in front. The body bottom is sufficiently sealed, plus pneumatic rollers are located on the sides, which have a positive effect on the buoyancy of the all-terrain vehicle.

Driving an all-terrain vehicle on a caterpillar track

The control of the all-terrain vehicle is the same as on the tractor, it is carried out by levers. Differentials located on the sides were implemented from VAZ disc brakes.

In the cab, in the middle of the floor, there is a pneumatic lever - a caterpillar tensioner. The ideal option would be to use a mechanical tensioner, as it is more unpretentious to repair, but the author of this all-terrain vehicle decided otherwise and installed a pneumatic tensioner.

Chassis

The designer created an excellent chassis. You should pay attention to the tracks: they are cast, made independently. The tracks on the outside have lugs made of metal pipes welded to the metal sheet. This played a positive role in terms of patency and traction.

This technology is not used in foreign all-terrain vehicles due to the complexity of execution and increased financial costs. The rollers are made of wheels from a motorized carriage, the rollers are protected by a rubber reflector. Also above the caterpillar mover, there is a “damper” made in the form of a rubberized half-pipe.

Crawler all-terrain vehicle engine

As power unit was used VAZ engine with gearbox. The connection of the rear axle gearbox is carried out by means of a coupling made of rubber. The gearbox is connected to the side differentials by shafts.

As mentioned above, the differentials are made from VAZ disc brakes with conventional calipers.

The resource of the gearbox does not decrease at all due to the low speed of the all-terrain vehicle. The main advantage of this all-terrain vehicle model is its light weight. When the all-terrain vehicle moves through a swampy area or across a lake, the body sinks 30-40 cm.

Video homemade caterpillar all-terrain vehicle in action.

Instruments

When implementing this project of a home-made all-terrain vehicle, the following tools were used: a welding machine, a grinder, various keys. Clamps, a machine for giving one form or another to sheet metal, this is especially true in the manufacture of the cab and the bottom of the all-terrain vehicle. Various bolted connections. Glass cutter for the manufacture of windshields and side windows. Drill for drilling holes.

Perm tuning studio REMIX decided to create caterpillar all-terrain vehicle on the basis of the Okovsky or VAZ engine and test some controversial ideas regarding such equipment on it. The original idea of ​​the team was to build caterpillar all-terrain vehicle with an engine from a car (OKA or VAZ 2108), bridges from VAZ 2101 and Nivovskaya RK.
The hull should look like a boat and be made of metal. Wheels from the VAZ on eight-wheeled hubs will serve as rollers.
Tracked all-terrain vehicle, like all similar ones, will have a differential rotation. Drive - caterpillars without stars and tires.

In order to all-terrain vehicle got the opportunity to move on wheels, it was decided to use the following type of drive:

There was also an alternative solution regarding the wheel-tracked base:

Frame construction:

The bridge beams must be welded into the body of the so-called "boat", and the middle hubs will be removable.
After all calculations were completed, construction began:

With such a transmission, the minimum speed is 1.137 km / h, and the maximum, in turn, is 30.09 km / h. Purely theoretically thirty horsepower The Okovsky engine in this speed range will be able to tow the UAZ sideways on the asphalt. It is not known how the transmission will “look” at this, but purely theoretically, the forces should be enough))

Boat welding.
Front and rear slopes
bottom 2mm.
Board - 1mm.
The rest is galvanized 0.55mm.

With a width of the middle part of the all-terrain vehicle 800mm and a track width of 450mm ground clearance is 200mm. This is quite enough - you can see the video.

Video of the first tests: